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This paper presents a simulation tool for large-scale multicell battery pack detailed to the cell level. The tool is developed by considering electrical cell-to-cell variation (CtCV) and applying parameter value distributions on equivalent circuit model (ECM). A lithium-ion battery pack of nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC) cells is simulated under a constant current load for multicycles. The impact of different ECM parameters' effects on SoC imbalance is compared. The results show that variation on cell ohmic resistance, components (RC parallel branches) for describing diffusion and transfer processes and cell capacity each cause SoC imbalance but this imbalance is restrained and does not aggressively increase as more charge/discharge cycles are performed. In contrast, the imbalance caused by the variation on coulombic efficiency escalates when the cycle number increases. Parameter variation is set as 1%, 3% and 5% to represent different extent of cell variation and 50 Monte Carlo simulations are executed to explore the impact on peak SoC difference a battery pack.
Inspec keywords: Monte Carlo methods; secondary cells; battery management systems; equivalent circuits
Subjects: Electrochemistry and electrophoresis; Secondary cells; Secondary cells