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The existence of amplitude and phase error in array will affect the direction-finding accuracy for HFSWR. Firstly, an overview of the signal model containing the amplitude and phase errors in arrays was given, and two correction methods were introduced, including method of using calibration sources and self-calibration method. Then, the impacts of amplitude and phase errors on estimation of targets that from different incoming directions were analysed. After that, the two correction methods were used to correct amplitude and phase error based on simulation data, and the target direction finding accuracy before and after calibration were compared. The results showed that the method of using calibration sources can not only achieve antenna consistency compensation, but also reduce the average error of target estimation to improve the actual direction-of-arrival estimation accuracy. At last, the method of using calibration sources was applied to the measured HFSWR data, in which synchronized AIS information was selected as auxiliary source. The calibrated measured data showed that the mean value of the azimuth estimation error was reduced from 1.906 degrees to -0.1540 degrees and the variance was reduced 1.0108 degrees to 0.8970 degrees.
Inspec keywords: radar clutter; marine radar; echo; direction-of-arrival estimation; antenna phased arrays; object detection; calibration
Subjects: Antenna arrays; Radar equipment, systems and applications; Signal processing and detection