This paper aims at proposing a model that evaluates the compatibility between Night Vision Goggles (NVGs) devices and Airfield Lighting Fixtures (ALFs), which are part of Aeronautical Ground Lighting (AGL) systems. First, the system components, the main parameters which influence their performance and the compatibility issue and advantages are described. Then, a new NVG gain definition and a new theoretical model are introduced, in order to evaluate the compatibility. The gain definition allows this analysis to be performed according to the specific case of AFLs. The model, in considering the system characteristics as well as the environment and operational conditions, demonstrates whether ALFs can be revealed and observed satisfactorily by a military pilot wearing a NVG on the helmet during a landing flight operation on a runway. The model can be applied to various types of NVGs, according to their generation and filter, and also to various types of ALFs, according to power and type of technology (incandescent, LED, infrared). Finally, an example of an operating scenario is analysed and the results discussed.