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Recent experience with existing railway axles indicates that even when they are operated within the design loads, failure can happen due to the synergetic effect of both corrosion and cyclic loads. This synergy is not yet thoroughly understood, however a need for detecting corrosion-fatigue during service is mandatory. The present paper describes the investigations, carried out during a recent international scientific cooperation (RSSB T728) and an ongoing European Project (WOLAXIM), on the possibility to apply eddy currents non destructive inspection to the detection of corrosion pits and corrosion-fatigue cracks during the service of railway axles. (6 pages)