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  • image of Healthcare Monitoring and Data Analysis using IoT: Technologies and applications
    Healthcare Monitoring and Data Analysis using IoT: Technologies and applications
    • Editors: Vishal Jain; Jyotir Moy Chatterjee; Pardeep Kumar; Utku Kose
    • Publication Year: 2022
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      IoT-enabled healthcare technologies can be used for remote health monitoring, rehabilitation assessment and assisted ambient living. Healthcare analytics can be applied to the data gathered from these different areas to improve healthcare outcomes by providing clinicians with real-world, real-time data so they can more easily support and advise their patients. The book explores the application of Al systems to analyse patient data and guide interventions. IoT-based monitoring systems and their security challenges are also discussed. The book is designed to be a reference for healthcare informatics researchers, developers, practitioners, and people who are interested in the personalised healthcare sector. The book will be a valuable reference tool for those who identify and develop methodologies, frameworks, tools, and applications for working with medical big data and researchers in computer engineering, healthcare electronics, device design and related fields.

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  • image of Handbook of Ventilation Technology for the Built Environment: Design, control and testing
    Handbook of Ventilation Technology for the Built Environment: Design, control and testing
    • Editors: Shi-Jie Cao; Zhuangbo Feng
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      The general purpose of ventilation in buildings is to provide healthy air for breathing by both diluting the pollutants originating in the building and removing the pollutants from it. Building ventilation plays a strong role for the good health, comfort, security and productivity of inhabitants, workers and visitors. Many new challenges with energy and pollution implications have arisen, including the identification and control of contaminant sources, fast building design requirements, online demand, sustainability and climate change adaptation. This comprehensive research reference covers state of the art research starting with ventilation systems including duct network and fluid machinery, air cleaning technologies, air distribution in mechanical ventilation systems, air distribution in natural ventilation system, and heating and cooling systems. The authors then present innovating methods for the design, control and testing including system design, numerical methods, fast predictions methods, testing methods and maintenance. The book concludes with applications in industrial buildings, high-rise buildings and urban areas. Handbook of Ventilation Technology for the Built Environment is a complete guide to the field, providing invaluable information for scientists, researchers and engineers from academia and industry who are looking to broaden or update their knowledge. It is also a useful resource for policy makers, facility managers, regulators and standards bodies in the field.

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  • image of The Internet of Medical Things: Enabling technologies and emerging applications
    The Internet of Medical Things: Enabling technologies and emerging applications
    • Editors: Subhendu Kumar Pani; Priyadarsan Patra; Gianluigi Ferrari; Radoslava Kraleva; Xinheng Wang
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      The Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) allows clinicians to monitor patients remotely via a network of wearable or implantable devices. The devices are embedded with software or sensors to enable them to send and receive data via the internet so that healthcare professionals can monitor health data such as vital statistics, metabolic rates or drug delivery regimens, and can provide advice or treatment plans based on this real-world, real-time data. This edited book discusses key loT technologies that facilitate and enhance this process, such as computer algorithms, network architecture, wireless communications, and network security. Providing a systemic review of trends, challenges and future directions of IoMT technologies, the book examines applications such as breast cancer monitoring systems, patient-centric systems for handling, tracking and monitoring virus variants, and video-based solutions for monitoring babies. The book discusses machine learning techniques for the management of clinical data and includes security issues such as the use of blockchain technology. Written by a range of international researchers, this book is a great resource for computer engineering researchers and practitioners in the fields of data mining, machine learning, artificial intelligence and the loT in the healthcare sector.

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  • image of Light Filaments: Structures, challenges and applications
    Light Filaments: Structures, challenges and applications
    • Editors: Jean-Claude Diels; Martin C. Richardson; Ladan Arissian
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      A laser of sufficient intensity traveling through air will-by itself-engineer a narrow channel over which light will propagate for tens or even hundreds of meters. Such filaments of laser light were first created at the end of the twentieth century, and investigators are now beginning to explore new applications for them. Light Filaments: Structures, challenges and applications brings together exciting results from this area of research. With the development of high repetition rate sources, new aspects of waveguiding are emerging based on the hydrodynamic perturbation created by each filamenting pulse. This book is organized from general overviews to more specialized topics and is aimed at those involved in lasers and other optical wave propagation systems. The goal of this book is to cover the multiple aspects of light filamentation from strong field ionization and molecular properties to laser development and beam shaping, and the wide range of radiation associated with it from THz, lasing in air to supercontinuum generation. The book starts with tutorial chapters about the science of filamentation, followed by in depth chapters on the latest research, technologies and applications in atmospheric studies, guiding waves, laser induced discharge and lightning. This book is the result of a Multidisciplinary University Research Initiatives (MURI) Program on light filaments from the USA Army Research Office.

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  • image of Edge Caching for Mobile Networks
    Edge Caching for Mobile Networks
    • Editors: Wei Chen; H. Vincent Poor
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Caching enables the storage of Internet-based content, including web objects, videos and software updates. When web objects are downloaded from the Internet or across wide-area network (WAN) links, edge caching stores them at the edge of the network. Content can also be proactively cached at the edge based on its predicted popularity. When subsequent requests come for cached material, the content is quickly delivered from edge caching, without the need to download the data again over the WAN. The result is the ability to help save bandwidth, particularly at times of peak network load, increase content delivery, and provide users with a faster and better network experience. In this comprehensive edited book, the editors and authors introduce edge caching in mobile networks from a fundamental perspective and discuss its role in saving bandwidth and reducing latency over wireless channels. Many physical layer models and techniques, including interference alignment and beamforming are considered, as well as recent advances on intelligent and proactive communication systems capable of recommending content to users to improve quality of experience and spectral efficiency. The book provides systematic and thorough coverage of edge caching for mobile networks for an audience of researchers, engineers and scientists from academia and industry working in the fields of information and communication technology, data science and AI.

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  • image of Advanced Theoretical and Numerical Electromagnetics. Volume 1: Static, stationary and time-varying fields
    Advanced Theoretical and Numerical Electromagnetics. Volume 1: Static, stationary and time-varying fields
    • Author(s): Vito Lancellotti
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      This comprehensive and self-contained resource conveniently combines advanced topics in electromagnetic theory, a high level of mathematical detail, and the well-established ubiquitous Method of Moments applied to the solution of practical wave-scattering and antenna problems formulated with surface, volume, and hybrid integral equations. Originating from the graduate-level electrical engineering course that the author taught at the Technical University of Eindhoven (NL) from 2010 to 2017, this well-researched two-volume set is an ideal tool for self-study. The subject matter is presented with clear, engaging prose and explanatory illustrations in logical order. References to specialized texts are meticulously provided for the readers who wish to deepen and expand their mastery of a specific topic. This book will be of great interest to graduate students, doctoral candidates and post-docs in electrical engineering and physics, and to industry professionals working in areas such as design of passive microwave/ optical components or antennas, and development of electromagnetic software. Thanks to the detailed mathematical derivations of all the important theoretical results and the numerous worked examples, readers can expect to build a solid and structured knowledge of the physical, mathematical, and computational aspects of classical electromagnetism. Volume 1 covers fundamental notions and theorems, static electric fields, stationary magnetic fields, properties of electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic waves and finishes with time-varying electromagnetic fields. Volume 2 starts with integral formulas and equivalence principles, then moves on to cover spectral representations of electromagnetic fields, wave propagation in dispersive media, integral equations in electromagnetics and finishes with a comprehensive explanation of the Method of Moments.

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  • image of Advanced Theoretical and Numerical Electromagnetics. Volume 2: Field representations and the Method of Moments
    Advanced Theoretical and Numerical Electromagnetics. Volume 2: Field representations and the Method of Moments
    • Author(s): Vito Lancellotti
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      This comprehensive and self-contained resource conveniently combines advanced topics in electromagnetic theory, a high level of mathematical detail, and the well-established ubiquitous Method of Moments applied to the solution of practical wave-scattering and antenna problems formulated with surface, volume, and hybrid integral equations. Originating from the graduate-level electrical engineering course that the author taught at the Technical University of Eindhoven (NL) from 2010 to 2017, this well-researched two-volume set is an ideal tool for self-study. The subject matter is presented with clear, engaging prose and explanatory illustrations in logical order. References to specialized texts are meticulously provided for the readers who wish to deepen and expand their mastery of a specific topic. This book will be of great interest to graduate students, doctoral candidates and post-docs in electrical engineering and physics, and to industry professionals working in areas such as design of passive microwave/ optical components or antennas, and development of electromagnetic software. Thanks to the detailed mathematical derivations of all the important theoretical results and the numerous worked examples, readers can expect to build a solid and structured knowledge of the physical, mathematical, and computational aspects of classical electromagnetism. Volume 1 covers fundamental notions and theorems, static electric fields, stationary magnetic fields, properties of electromagnetic fields, electromagnetic waves and finishes with time-varying electromagnetic fields. Volume 2 starts with integral formulas and equivalence principles, then moves on to cover spectral representations of electromagnetic fields, wave propagation in dispersive media, integral equations in electromagnetics and finishes with a comprehensive explanation of the Method of Moments.

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  • image of Uncertainty Quantification of Electromagnetic Devices, Circuits, and Systems
    Uncertainty Quantification of Electromagnetic Devices, Circuits, and Systems
    • Editor: Sourajeet Roy
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Uncertainty Quantification of Electromagnetic Devices, Circuits, and Systems describes the advances made over the last decade in the topic of uncertainty quantification (UQ) and stochastic analysis. The primary goal of the book is to educate and inform electronics engineers about the most recent numerical techniques, mathematical theories, and computational methods to perform UQ for electromagnetic devices, circuits, and systems. Importantly, the book offers an in-depth exploration of the recent explosion in surrogate modelling (metamodeling) techniques for numerically efficient UQ. Metamodeling has currently become the most attractive, numerically efficient, and popular approach for UQ. The book begins by introducing the concept of uncertainty quantification in electromagnetic device, circuit, and system simulation. Further chapters cover the theory and applications of polynomial chaos based uncertainty quantification in electrical engineering; dimension reduction strategies to address the curse of dimensionality in polynomial chaos; a predictor-corrector algorithm for fast polynomial chaos based statistical modeling of carbon nanotube interconnects; machine learning approaches towards uncertainty quantification; artificial neural network-based yield optimization with uncertainties in EM structural parameters; exploring order reduction clustering methods for uncertainty quantification of electromagnetic composite structures; and mixed epistemic-aleatory uncertainty using a new polynomial chaos formulation combined with machine learning. A final chapter provides concluding remarks and explores potential future directions for research in the field. The book will be a welcome resource for advanced students and researchers in electromagnetics and applied mathematical modelling who are working on electronic circuit and device design.

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  • image of Surge Protection for Low Voltage Systems
    Surge Protection for Low Voltage Systems
    • Editor: Alain Rousseau
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Low-voltage equipment is designed for handling low voltages at consumer-level. This includes computing and telecommunications systems, power distribution grids and PV systems, and EV charging facilities. Exposure to sudden high voltage surges, for example, from switching or lightning, can damage or destroy low-voltage equipment. Protection of low-voltage equipment and systems from such phenomena is thus vital for human safety as well as preventing damages, and so understanding the processes and protective countermeasures is of great importance. This book offers a systematic and thorough treatise of the topic for researchers in industry and universities as well as utility experts and advanced students and more generally for all people involved in electromagnetic compatibility or designing surge protection systems and lightning protection systems. The book aims to provide answers to all readers' questions from the simplest to the most complicated, including guidance on the application of surge protective devices (SPD) illustrated by many cases studies. Following an introduction, chapters cover lightning and surges, risk assessment, standard environment, surge protection (surge protective components and surge protective devices), and their applications, new trends and unsolved challenges.

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  • image of Optimal Design Exploiting 3D Printing and Metamaterials
    Optimal Design Exploiting 3D Printing and Metamaterials
    • Editors: Paolo Di Barba; Sławomir Wiak
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      The key theme of this book is an exploration of how recent advances across three related scientific fields are intertwined - the developments in metamaterials, the automated optimal design of innovative electronic, electromagnetic and mechatronic devices, and 3D printing. Developments in the field of automated optimal design have enabled the design of innovative electronic, electromagnetic and mechatronic devices, but there is a risk that design uncertainties and fabrication tolerances dictated by conventional manufacturing techniques will limit the practical synthesis and industrial realisation of these novel designs. The solution might be found in new manufacturing possibilities offered by 3D printing technologies and techniques for the fabrication of conductive layers in low and high frequency applications. The book approaches the topic from several perspectives, including the design of 3D fields, advances in shape synthesis, the role of additive manufacturing in synthesising metamaterials and manipulating ferromagnetic materials, and the steps from numerical models to printed mechatronic devices. A final chapter discusses design challenges and opportunities in industrial settings. Led by two expert editors, with contributions from authors with a range of backgrounds across academia and industrial research, this book provides key information for researchers, advanced students and industry professionals in advanced manufacturing, mechatronics, and electrical and electronic engineering.

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  • image of Medium Voltage DC System Architectures
    Medium Voltage DC System Architectures
    • Editors: Brandon Grainger; Rik W. De Doncker
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Direct Current (DC) transmission and distribution technologies have evolved in recent years. They offer superior efficiency, current carrying capacity, and response times as compared to conventional AC systems. Further, substantial advantages are their natural interface with many types of renewable energy resources, such as photovoltaic systems and battery energy storage systems at relatively high voltage, and compliance with consumer electronics at lower voltages, say, within a household environment. One of the core building blocks of DC-based technologies, especially at medium voltage levels, is power electronic systems technology. This cannot be emphasized enough as these units process, convert, and regulate all DC power and provide intelligence and sensing as electric power grids evolve. These advantages have led to a rise in the utilization and applications of DC in modern power systems. This includes high voltage DC transmission systems, DC distribution grids, DC microgrids, electric vehicle charging infrastructure, and the maritime industry. However, there are still substantial challenges to the operation of these systems. Examples include a lack of standards for DC based power infrastructure and DC system protection. This book presents the state of the art in medium voltage DC systems research and development, covering grid architecture, power converter design, transformers, control and protection for both traditional and mobile DC applications such as all-electric ships. This text, the first of its kind, provides essential information for researchers and research-oriented engineers working for academia, a manufacturer or utility, who wish to broaden or update their knowledge of medium voltage DC systems and associated equipment.

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  • image of Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Analysis, optimization and applications
    Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Analysis, optimization and applications
    • Author(s): Nicola Bianchi ; Cristian Babetto ; Giacomo Bacco
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Reluctance motors induce non-permanent magnetic poles on the ferromagnetic rotor; the rotor does not have any windings and torque is generated through magnetic reluctance. Synchronous reluctance motors (SyRMs) have an equal number of stator and rotor poles. Reluctance motors can deliver high power density at low cost, so they are finding increasing application in the transport sector. Disadvantages include high torque ripple and the complexity of designing and controlling them. Advances in theory, computer design, and control electronics can overcome these issues. This hands-on reference covers the concept and design of synchronous reluctance motors. It conveys all key topics required to understand this technology. Chapters cover magnetic materials, geometry, modeling, design and analysis, optimization, production technology, fault-tolerance, experimental validation, and self-sensing-oriented optimization. Synchronous Reluctance Machines: Analysis, optimization and applications is ideal for researchers working on electrical machines and motors, particularly electric vehicles. The writers - experts from academia and industry - provide the reader with an excellent background and understanding of the core concepts involved in synchronous reluctance motors such that they can engage in their own R&D.

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  • image of Radar Sea Clutter: Modelling and target detection
    Radar Sea Clutter: Modelling and target detection
    • Author(s): Luke Rosenberg  and  Simon Watts
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      The first maritime surveillance radars in World War II quickly discovered that returns from the sea, soon to be known as sea clutter, were often the limiting factor when attempting to detect small targets while controlling false alarms. This remains true for modern radars, where the detection of small, slow moving targets on a rough sea surface remains one of the main drivers for maritime radar design, particularly in the development of detection processing. The design, development and testing of radar signal processing for maritime surveillance requires a very detailed understanding of the characteristics of radar sea clutter and of the combined target and clutter returns. This book provides an updated and comprehensive review of the latest research into radar sea clutter and detection methods for targets in sea clutter. The emphasis is on understanding the characteristics of radar sea clutter as observed with different radars, viewing geometries and environmental conditions. This understanding is assisted by the development of mathematical models that are used in the radar design process. In recent years there has been an increased interest in operating at higher altitudes, resulting in the sea surface being illuminated with larger grazing angles than used in traditional airborne surveillance platforms or ground-based systems. There has also been significant research into bistatic operation, including passive radars using illuminators of opportunity. The use of coherent and multi-aperture systems in maritime radar are also of increasing interest and these new application areas are also covered in this book.

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  • image of Ocean Remote Sensing Technologies: High frequency, marine and GNSS-based radar
    Ocean Remote Sensing Technologies: High frequency, marine and GNSS-based radar
    • Editors: Weimin Huang; Eric W. Gill
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      A vast array of ocean instrumentation has been developed for research purposes since the middle of the twentieth century, among which remote sensing technologies have become increasingly important. Within this class of instruments, high frequency (HF) surface and skywave radar, microwave marine radar and global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)-based radar have been successfully implemented in gathering information on large tracts of the ocean surface. This book provides a systematic introduction to the principles, state-of-the-art methods and applications of HF surface and sky wave radar, microwave marine radar and GNSS-based radar, as well as an exploration of ongoing challenges in the field. Ocean Remote Sensing Technologies: High frequency, marine and GNSS-based radar includes 23 chapters that are organized into three parts, mainly according to sensor types. The first part covers work related to HF radar, the second focusses on microwave marine radar, and the third concentrates on GNSS-based radar. Each part consists of an introductory chapter that provides an overview of the corresponding sensor, followed by chapters focussing on fundamental theory, specific applications, or advanced algorithm development. Each of the chapters is self-contained and readers should be aware that there may be across-chapter differences in symbols used for various parameters. The book is intended for a variety of readers in the radar and remotes sensing communities, and content has been selected with a range of interests and backgrounds in mind.

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  • image of Metrology for 5G and Emerging Wireless Technologies
    Metrology for 5G and Emerging Wireless Technologies
    • Editor: Tian Hong Loh
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Metrology has a pivotal role to ensure the vision of fifth generation (5G) and emerging wireless technologies to be realised. It is essential to develop the underpinning metrology in response to the high demand for universal, dynamic, and data-rich wireless applications. As new technologies for 5G and beyond increasingly emerge in the arena of modern wireless devices/systems, the standards bodies, industries, and research communities are facing the challenge of diverse technological requirements, and on verifying products that meet desired performance parameters. This edited book is the first to focus on metrology for current and future wireless communication technologies. It presents a comprehensive overview of the state-of-the-art measurement capabilities, testbeds and relevant R&D activities for 5G and emerging wireless technologies at a wide range of frequencies up to THz frequency bands. Several real-world field trials and use cases are also presented. The book focuses on R&D of measurement techniques and metrology for 5G and beyond that underpin all aspects, from signals, devices, antennas, systems and propagation environments to RF exposure. The presented materials describe advances in the triad of measurement system design, measurement techniques, and underpinning metrology required to cover many wireless communications aspects. This book, Metrology for 5G and Emerging Wireless Technologies provides timely support to industry, academia, standard bodies and NMIs during the development of 5G and emerging wireless technologies and will support readers to enable further metrological R&D activities.

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  • image of Aviation Cybersecurity: Foundations, principles, and applications
    Aviation Cybersecurity: Foundations, principles, and applications
    • Editors: Houbing Song; Abdullah Hopkinson; Tomaso De Cola; Tom Alexandrovich; Dahai Liu
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Aircraft are becoming increasingly reliant on computing and networking technologies, with the advent of the Internet of Things, but this makes them vulnerable to cyber-attacks. This multidisciplinary book is at the cross section of aircraft systems, cybersecurity, and defence technologies. It covers the very latest in defending military and commercial aircraft against cyber-attacks. The interdisciplinary nature of aviation cybersecurity and its wide-ranging impact in various arenas require contributions of expertise from multiple disciplines to collaborate in identifying the most feasible ways forward. This book provides an understanding of the key technical, social and legal issues in aviation cybersecurity, explains the range of technical challenges involved, and proposes innovative solutions. Aviation Cybersecurity: Foundations, principles, and applications is a valuable resource for aviation and cybersecurity researchers and professionals in academia, industry, and military organisations.

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  • image of Smart Road Infrastructure: Innovative technologies
    Smart Road Infrastructure: Innovative technologies
    • Editor: Runhua Guo
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Smart roads are road infrastructures with integrated structural materials, sensors, information centres, and energy systems. They are intended to extend the road's service life and performance, reduce safety risks, and improve service quality. Several smart road pilot projects have been initiated, such as precast pavements with integrated optical fibres, self-healing asphalt material, self-snow-melting systems and solar pavements. Smart roads are likely to play an important role in future sustainable transport systems and supplying data for intelligent transportation systems (ITS). This book brings together the latest research into technologies for novel and smart road infrastructures. Coverage includes road surface technologies, techniques for road-based energy harvesting, sustainable pavement approaches, informatization of the road, and use of the data gained for various cloud-based services including ITS. A systematic guide to an emerging topic, this book is aimed particularly at researchers in academia and industry, including those working for ITS providers and organizations. It will also be of use to practitioners in ITS organizations and governmental transport agencies.

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  • image of Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: Optimisation, control, and hardware-in-the-loop validation
    Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids: Optimisation, control, and hardware-in-the-loop validation
    • Author(s): Yan Xu ; Yu Wang ; Cuo Zhang ; Zhengmao Li
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      Coordination of Distributed Energy Resources in Microgrids provides a structured overview of research into techniques for managing microgrids with distributed energy resources (DERs). The DERs including distributed generators, energy storage systems, and flexible loads are posing both challenges and opportunities to microgrids' security, planning, operation, and control. Advanced operation and control techniques are needed to coordinate these components in the microgrids and maintain power quality, as well as keeping the system economically feasible. This book is for researchers and students in the area of smart grids, power engineering, and control engineering, as well as for advanced students, transmission network and grid operators. It focuses on cutting-edge techniques for secure, economic, and robust operation and control of microgrids. Effective coordination of DERs on both temporal and spatial scales are introduced in detail. Topics covered include comprehensive mathematical models of DERs and microgrids, sizing and siting of DERs under uncertainties, stochastic and robust optimisation for active and reactive power dispatch of DERs in microgrids, distributed coordinated control, and hardware-in-the-loop tests for validation of control algorithms.

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  • image of Silicon Solar Cell Metallization and Module Technology
    Silicon Solar Cell Metallization and Module Technology
    • Editors: Thorsten Dullweber; Loic Tous
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      In solar cell production, metallization is the manufacturing of metal contacts at the surfaces of solar cells in order to collect the photo-generated current for use. Being one of the most expensive steps in solar cell fabrication, it plays both an electrical and an optical role, because the contacts contribute to shading, and to the series resistance of solar cells. In addition, metal contacts may reduce the solar cells voltage due to charge carrier recombination at the metal / silicon interface. Addressing these challenges could increase solar cell conversion efficiency while cutting their production costs. This work presents state of the art methods for the metallization of crystalline Si solar cells for industrial production as well as for research and development. Different metallization technologies are compared, and ongoing RD activities for the most relevant silicon solar cell metallization technologies are described in detail. Chapters cover fundamentals of metallization and metallization approaches, evaporated, plated and screen-printed contacts, alternative printing technologies, metallization of specific solar cell types, module interconnection technologies, and also address module technology. Written by a selection of world-renowned experts, the book provides researchers in academia and industry, solar cell manufacturing experts and advanced students with a thorough and systematic guide to advanced metallization of solar cells.

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  • image of Holographic Staring Radar
    Holographic Staring Radar
    • Author(s): Gordon Oswald  and  Chris Baker
    • Publication Year: 2021
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      The development of radar has been one of the most successful direct applications of physics ever attempted, and then implemented and applied at large scale. Certain watchwords of radar engineering have underpinned many of the developments of the past 80 years and remain potential avenues for improvement. For example, 'Narrow beams are good', 'Fast detection is good', 'Agility is good', and 'Clutter is bad'. All these statements of merit are true. The underlying principles for all these statements are the laws of physics, and they provide support for current radar designs. However, each of these statements is really a design choice, rather than their necessary consequence. This book shows that under the physical laws and with modern data processing, staring radar offers a new direction of travel. The process of detection and tracking can be updated through persistent signal discovery and target analysis, without losses in sensitivity, and while delivering detailed information on target dynamics and classification. The first part of the book introduces various forms of staring radar, which include the earliest and simplest forms of electromagnetic surveillance and its users. The next step is to summarise the physical laws under which all radar operates, and the requirements that these systems need or will need to meet to fulfil a range of applications. We are then able to be specific about the technology needed to implement staring radar.

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