Within the wide and fascinating field of radar techniques and systems, this book describes in detail a number of areas of research related to system architecture and design, phenomenology, array antennas and signal processing. The topics covered include: radar detection; phenomenology of clutter and related constant false alarm rate (CFAR) processors; Doppler techniques for surveillance radar, multifunction radar and synthetic aperture radar; clutter suppression: moving target indicators and detectors, adaptive and optimum MTI (moving target indication); rejection of jamming in space and frequency domains; concepts of radar target identification; architectural options and trend in radar signal processing; phased arrays (array theory, analysis and synthesis techniques; array elements and mutual coupling effects; architecture, elements, design criteria and low-sidelobe techniques for active arrays); bistatic radar; and space-based radar. The book is primarily aimed at radar engineers and researchers, as well as at students of advanced radar.

Advances in Bistatic Radar updates and extends bistatic and multistatic radar developments since the publication of Willis' Bistatic Radar in 1991. New and recently declassified military applications are documented, civil applications are detailed including commercial and scientific systems and leading radar engineers provide expertise to each of these applications. Advances in Bistatic Radar consists of two major sections: Bistatic/Multistatic Radar Systems and Bistatic Clutter and Signal Processing. Starting with a history update, the first section documents the early and now declassified military AN/FPS-23 Fluttar DEW-Line Gap-filler, and high frequency (HF) bistatic radars developed for missile attack warning. It then documents the recently developed passive bistatic and multistatic radars exploiting commercial broadcast transmitters for military and civilian air surveillance. Next, the section documents scientific bistatic radar systems for planetary exploration, which have exploited data link transmitters over the last forty years; ionospheric measurements, again exploiting commercial broadcast transmitters; and 3-D wind field measurements using a bistatic receiver hitchhiking off doppler weather radars. This last application has been commercialized. The second section starts by documenting the full, unclassified bistatic clutter scattering coefficient data base, along with the theory and analysis supporting its development. The section then details two major clutter-related developments, spotlight bistatic synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which can now generate high resolution images using bistatic autofocus and related techniques; and adaptive moving target indication (MTI), which allows cancellation of nonstationary clutter generated by moving (i.e. airborne) platforms through the use of bistatic space-time adaptive processing (STAP).

After nearly 50 years of sustained research and 30 years of operational deployment, research in weather radars has witnessed tremendous growth over the past decade and is now spilling over to novel applications and geographies. This book provides a systematic and thorough review of advances in research, developments, and technologies in the field.

A truly comprehensive collection in 3 volumes, Advances in Weather Radar has been developed by three expert editors and written by senior researchers from academia, research laboratories, and national weather agencies. Every chapter has been reviewed by the editors and an external reviewer to ensure quality and accuracy.

The key elements for understanding weather radar are covered, from the fundamental science and engineering to signal processing, electromagnetics, and applications. Special attention is given to dual-polarization radar because of its important applications in rainfall measurement, in elucidating details of cloud physical processes, classification of meteorological and non-meteorological echo types, the validation and evaluation of bulk microphysical schemes that predict number density and mixing ratio, and radar hydrology among other more recent applications.

Volume 1: Precipitation sensing platforms begins with a historical overview of the last decade focusing on the key technical and scientific ideas that have propelled the field forward, and goes on to address major advances in designing, operating, and deploying weather radars across the globe. Volume 2: Precipitation science, scattering, and processing algorithms considers theoretical milestones achieved in microphysics, electromagnetics, and signal processing of radar meteorology. Volume 3: Emerging applications includes applications of weather radars in novel as well as non-meteorological applications.

These edited volumes are intended to be useful to graduate students, radar systems designers, high-level managers of national meteorological services, and other research scientists who need to delve deeper into specific topics that cannot be found elsewhere.

Radar interferometers provide a cost-effective radar architecture to achieve enhanced angle accuracy for enhanced target tracking. Presenting a comprehensive understanding of various radar interferometer architectures, Angle of Arrival Estimation Using Radar Interferometry aims to quantify interferometer angle estimation accuracy by developing a general understanding of various radar interferometer architectures and presenting a comprehensive understanding of the effects of radar-based measurement errors on angle-of-arrival estimation. The interferometer architectures described include a basic digital interferometer, a monopulse interferometer, an orthogonal interferometer and signal processing algorithms. By exploring interferometry and beyond, this book offers a unique perspective and an in depth look at the derivation of angle error equations for a radar interferometer as affected not only by additive noise but by other error effects such as multipath, glint, and spectral distortion. As such this book is primarily directed toward tracking radars but will also discuss imaging applications as well.

The recent development of advanced processing capabilities and higher yield power supplies means that Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUVs) are finding novel and increasingly advanced applications in research, military and commercial settings. This timely book provides a state-of-the-art overview of AUV design and practice. Focusing on the interplay between design and practice, it comprehensively covers control and navigation, communication and cooperation, and methodologies and applications where AUVs are used for education, research, biological and oceanographic studies, surveillance purposes, and military, security, and industrial tasks. The book covers key concepts for maritime engineers and navigation researchers and professionals, and is a useful reference for control and robotics researchers working on AUVs.

Focusing on radar-based surveillance, this book has been written to provide a comprehensive introduction to the science, sensors and systems that form modern aviation weather surveillance systems.

This is the only English language book on bistatic radar. It starts with James Casper's fine chapter in the first edition of Skolnik's Radar Handbook (1970), capturing previously unpublished work before 1970. It then summarizes and codifies subsequent bistatic radar research and development, especially as catalogued in the special December 1986 IEE journal. It defines and resolves many issues and controversies plaguing bistatic radar, including predicted performance, monostatic equivalence, bistatic radar cross section and resolution, bistatic Doppler, hitchhiking, SAR, ECM/ECCM, and, most importantly, the utility of bistatic radars. The text provides a history of bistatic systems that points out to potential designers, the applications that have worked and the dead-ends not worth pursuing. The text reviews the basic concepts and definitions, and explains the mathematical development of relationships, such as geometry, Ovals of Cassini, dynamic range, isorange and isodoppler contours, target doppler, and clutter doppler spread.

This newly updated, second edition of Digital Techniques for Wideband Receivers is a current, comprehensive design guide for your digital processing work with today's complex receiver systems. Brand new material brings you up-to-date with the latest information on wideband electronic warfare receivers, the ADC testing procedure, frequency channelization and decoding schemes, and the operation of monobit receivers. The book shows you how to effectively evaluate ADCs, offers insight on building electronic warfare receivers, and describes zero crossing techniques that are critical to new receiver design. From fundamental concepts and procedures to recent technology advances in digital receivers, you get practical solutions to all your demanding wideband receiver problems. This hands-on reference is packed with 1,103 equations and 315 illustrations that support key topics covered throughout the book.

This book covers all aspects of foliage penetration (FOPEN) radar, concentrating on both airborne military radar systems as well as earth resource mapping radars. It is the first concise and thorough treatment of FOPEN, covering the results of a decade-long investment by DARPA in characterizing foliage and earth surface with ultrawideband UHF and VHF synthetic aperture radar (SAR). Comparisons of the technologies for radar design and signal processing are presented, as are specific design approaches for transmitter design for operation in a dense radio frequency spectrum. Adaptive processing to remove the effects of radio and television signals from the system are also covered. In 10 years, FOPEN systems will find use in crop monitoring, land mine remediation, and creating digital maps under trees. This book will be the foundation for continued research for years to come both for radar and systems engineers in defense and earth resources companies. Government researchers, program managers and planners who have an interest in the unique capabilities of this radar technology, as well as university staff and faculty teaching radar and signal processing will find this book a critical part of their learning for years to come.

The aim of this book is to provide an advanced introduction to inertial data processing (determination of attitude, velocity and position) along with design architectures and algorithms used to aid the inertial navigation system (INS). The emphasis is on the high-end sensors and systems used in aerospace applications (known as 'navigation grade' or 'nav grade').

The subject of inertial navigation systems and how to aid them (reduce their inherent error drift) is complex and multi-disciplinary. Mathematics and physics along with electrical, mechanical and software engineering all are involved. This book has been written to serve as an introduction for students and those new to the field. Specialized topics such as rotation matrices, quaternions and relevant stochastic processes are covered in the book. The reader is expected to have a basic understanding of vectors, matrices and matrix multiplication as well as freshman-level differential and integral calculus.

The basics of inertial position/velocity/attitude updating are first presented with respect to a conceptually simple inertially-fixed reference frame before the impact of the spheroidal rotating earth is covered. Similarly, the key concepts of the Kalman filter are first presented in the context of a scalar filter. Important aspects of the prediction error covariance and Kalman gain equations are thus covered in an intuitive sense before the full matrix formulations are described. By the end of the book, a thorough treatment of modern aided-INS architectures is provided.