A low probability of intercept system (LPIS) must be designed to counter many different current intercept receivers. Any LPIS design also must anticipate future intercept threat trends. There are several trends in both airborne warning receivers and ground-based receivers which will continue well into the future. First, Chapter 4 will provide an overview of the general operating techniques for six separate types of intercept receiver implementations. Second, intercept receiver performance limitations will be discussed. Third, possible future threats will be analyzed. Finally, two LO/LPI countermeasures for intercept receivers will be suggested.

Chapter Contents:

• 4.1 Survey of current and future intercept receivers
• 4.2 Receiver types (similar to Schleher)
• 4.2.1 Crystal video receiver
• 4.2.2 Instantaneous frequency measurement
• 4.2.3 Scanning superheterodyne receivers
• 4.2.4 Channelized receivers
• 4.2.5 Transform intercept receivers
• 4.2.6 Hybrid or cueing receivers
• 4.2.7 Software-defined radios
• 4.2.8 Intercept receiver processing
• 4.2.9 Cross correlation processing
• 4.2.9.1 Wigner–Ville distribution
• 4.2.9.2 Quadrature mirror filtering
• 4.2.9.3 Cyclostationary spectral analysis
• 4.3 Interceptor measurement accuracy
• 4.3.1 Frequency measurement
• 4.3.2 Pulse amplitude and width measurement
• 4.3.3 Time of arrival and PRI measurement
• 4.3.4 Angle of arrival measurement
• 4.3.4.1 Amplitude angle of arrival
• 4.3.4.2 Phase angle of arrival
• 4.3.5 Range estimation
• 4.4 Intercept receiver threat trends
• 4.4.1 Typical response threats – elastic threat (after Gordon)
• 4.4.2 Corresponding specification of LPIS emissions
• 4.4.3 Typical response threats—radiometric
• 4.4.4 Typical response threats – correlation
• 4.5 LPIS versus interceptor
• 4.5.1 Screening jamming
• 4.5.2 Spoofing
• 4.6 Typical deployed intercept receivers
• 4.7 Exercises
• References

Inspec keywords: military radar; military equipment; design; electronic countermeasures; radar receivers

Other keywords: intercept receivers; LPIS design; airborne warning receivers; LPI countermeasures; low probability of intercept system; intercept threat trends; intercept receiver performance limitations; ground-based receivers; LO countermeasures

Subjects: Electromagnetic compatibility and interference; Radar equipment, systems and applications; Radar and radiowave systems (military and defence)