The Part 23/25/27/29 in the title of this section refers to the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and European Aviation Safety Administration (EASA) (formerly Joint Aviation Administration) definitions of aircraft types. Part 23 aircraft are defined as normal, utility, acrobatic, and commuter category airplanes; Part 25 defines transport category airplanes. The discussions in this section are applicable to Part 27 (utility helicopters) and Part 29 (transport helicopters) as well as military installations. The systems in this section have, for the most part, been developed for the general and commercial aviation market or mandated for use by the state authorities. Since the emphasis will be on compliance with the applicable certification requirements, some time will be spent on the civil certification process, its history, and a review of the types of documents that you will need to reference. The discussion will continue with hardware, software, and safety considerations and the requirements for each. Controls and displays and human factors, which are considerations for all test plans, will be discussed in detail and documents to assist in the test planning process will be identified. The systems that will be covered include weather RADAR, global satellite based navigation civil certifications, reduced vertical separation minima (RVSM), terrain awareness warning systems (TAWS), traffic alert and collision avoidance systems (TCAS), flight management systems (FMS), landing systems, autopilots, and integrated navigation systems. Suggested reading and reference material are numerous and will be called out in each of the sections.

Chapter Contents:

• 6.0 Introduction
• 6.1 FAA Type Certification History
• 6.2 Federal Aviation Regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations
• 6.3 Other Rules and Guidance
• 6.4 FAA Type Certification Process
• 6.5 Avionics Software Considerations in the Technical Standard Order Process
• 6.6 Certification Considerations for Highly Integrated or Complex Systems
• 6.7 Important Notes for Evaluators Concerning Documentation
• 6.8 Differences between EASA and FAA Documentation
• 6.9 Cockpit Controls and Displays Evaluations
• 6.10 Weather RADAR Certification
• 6.11 Airworthiness Approval of Positioning and Navigation Systems
• 6.12 Reduced Vertical Separation Minimums
• 6.13 Proximity Warning Systems
• 6.14 Terrain Awareness and Warning System
• 6.15 Flight Guidance Systems
• 6.16 Landing Systems
• 6.17 Flight Management Systems
• 6.18 Enhanced Vision Systems (EVS)
• 6.19 Summary
• 6.20 Selected Questions for Chapter 6

Inspec keywords: aircraft landing guidance; collision avoidance; planning; air traffic; aircraft navigation; artificial satellites; alarm systems; military avionics; certification; military aircraft

Other keywords: U.S. Federal Aviation Administration; traffic alert and collision avoidance systems; TAWS; FMS; reduced vertical separation minima; transport category airplane; flight management system; global satellite based navigation civil certification; TCAS; terrain awareness warning systems; RVSM; weather radar; European Aviation Safety Administration; aviation market; military installations; test planning process; EASA; FAA; autopilots; landing systems; integrated navigation systems; part 23/25/27/29 avionics civil certification

Subjects: Aircraft electronics; Air traffic control and navigation; Transportation (military and defence)