Nanonetworks consist of nano-sized communication devices that perform simple tasks such as computation, data storage, and actuation at the nanoscale. However, communication in nanonetworks is constrained by error-prone wireless links due to severe path loss in the terahertz band (0.1-10.0 THz) and the very limited energy storage capacity of nanodevices. Therefore, efficient and effective error-control protocols are required for nanonetworks in the THz band. In this chapter, first, the related works on error control for nanonetworks are presented and investigated by considering the corresponding features. Second, a new error-control strategy with probing (ECP) mechanism for nanonetworks powered by energy harvesting is proposed. In particular, each data packet will not be transmitted until the communication of one probing packet is successful. Third, an energy state model is presented by considering the energy-harvesting-consumption process based on the extended Markov chain approach. Moreover, a probabilistic analysis of overall network traffic and multiuser interference is used by the proposed energy state model to capture dynamic network behavior. Following that, the impact of the energy consumption of different packets on state transition and the state probability distribution of nanonodes based on the above model are comprehensively investigated. Finally, the performance of the ECP mechanism is investigated and evaluated in terms of end-to-end successful packet delivery probability, end-to-end packet delay, achievable throughput, and energy consumption by comparing with other four different error-control strategies, such as automatic repeat request (ARQ), forward error correction (FEC), error prevention code (EPC), and a hybrid EPC (HEPC).

Chapter Contents:

• 9.1 Introduction
• 9.2 Related work
• 9.2.1 Existing work on error control in nanonetworks
• 9.2.2 Energy harvesting with piezoelectric nanonetworks
• 9.2.3 Energy consumption in pulse-based nanonetwork communication
• 9.3 Error control with probing
• 9.3.1 Error-control mechanism
• 9.3.2 Energy state model of the ECP mechanism
• 9.4 Simulation and performance analysis
• 9.4.1 Validate the energy state model of ECP
• 9.4.2 Successful packet delivery probability
• 9.4.3 Delay
• 9.4.4 Throughput
• 9.4.5 Energy consumption
• 9.5 Conclusion
• References

Inspec keywords: radio links; nanocommunication (telecommunication); statistical distributions; energy consumption; Markov processes; telecommunication traffic; protocols; energy harvesting; radiofrequency interference; error correction codes; multi-access systems

Other keywords: efficient error-control protocols; nanonetworks; energy harvesting; energy state model; data packet; ECP mechanism; energy consumption; error-control strategies; nanoelectromagnetic communication network; data storage; energy-harvesting-consumption process; frequency 0.1 THz to 10.0 THz; error prevention code; dynamic network behavior; effective error-control protocols; nanosized communication devices; network traffic; terahertz band; end-to-end packet delay; probing packet; error-prone wireless links; error-control mechanisms; end-to-end successful packet delivery probability

Subjects: Protocols; Radio links and equipment; Multiple access communication; Codes; Markov processes; Electromagnetic compatibility and interference