In this chapter, we apply maximum likelihood (ML) estimation methods to estimate the direction of arrival (DOA), or angle of arrival (AOA), of one or more signal sources, using data received by the elements of an N-element antenna array. The Cramer-Rao (CR) lower bound on angle estimation error is derived under several different signal assumptions. The CR bound helps determine system performance versus signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and array size.

Chapter Contents:

• 11.1 Periodogram
• 11.2 Capon's Method
• 11.3 Music Algorithm
• 11.4 The Maximum Entropy Method
• 11.5 Comparing DOA Algorithm Spectra
• 11.6 Sequential Implementation of Bayes Optimal Array Processor
• 11.7 Parameter Estimation via Subspace Fitting
• 11.8 The Maximum Likelihood Estimate
• 11.9 Cramer-Rao Lower Bound on AOA Estimation Error
• 11.10 Fisher Information Matrix and CR Bound for General Cases
• 11.11 Summary and Conclusions
• 11.12 Problems
• 11.13 References

Inspec keywords: array signal processing; direction-of-arrival estimation; antenna arrays; maximum likelihood estimation

Other keywords: ML estimation method; SNR; angle-of-arrival; CR lower bound; DOA; AOA; maximum likelihood estimation; N-element antenna array; signal-to-noise ratio; angle estimation error; direction-of-arrival estimation; array size; Cramer-Rao bound

Subjects: Antenna arrays; Other topics in statistics; Signal processing and detection