Negative Smith Chart
In all passive waveguide structures, the primary circuit elements resistance and conductance act like absorbers of electromagnetic wave energy. As such, their mathematical sign is, by convention, positive. However, certain active electrical devices exist whose equivalent circuit can most conveniently be represented by negative resistance or negative conductance elements. Negative resistance and negative conductance circuit elements act more like sources than absorbers of electromagnetic wave energy.
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Negative Smith Chart, Page 1 of 2
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