The case studies highlight the variety of social, political and environmental contexts within which behaviour change programmes were planned and implemented. From this, the type of consultation process will need to reflect the cultural background of the region in which the package or scheme is to be delivered. In common though, all the international case studies highlight how consultation (and related communications) is woven into the policy development process, split into `internal' (to define and refine possible policies) and `external' (to shortlist and refine a single policy) within an integrated transport package. In some cases, these well-founded processes failed to create a critical mass of support. Therefore, as the examples demonstrate, stakeholder engagement is a necessary but not sufficient prerequisite for political and public acceptance.

Chapter Contents:

• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Policy context, themes and consultation variables
• 8.3 Stakeholder consultation and communication processes
• 8.3.1 Perceptions and attitudes
• 8.3.2 Types of consultation, levels of engagement and setting expectations
• 8.3.3 The shape of a consultation programme, themes and phasing
• 8.3.4 Communications, media management and measurement of stakeholder attitudes
• 8.4 Case studies
• 8.4.1 London
• 8.4.2 Edinburgh and Manchester
• 8.4.3 New York
• 8.4.4 Singapore
• 8.4.5 Hong Kong SAR
• 8.4.6 The Netherlands
• 8.4.7 Milan
• 8.4.8 Berlin
• 8.4.9 Summary
• 8.5 Recommended approaches
• 8.6 Conclusions
• Acknowledgement
• References
• Further reading

Inspec keywords: road pricing (tolls); socio-economic effects; road traffic

Other keywords: environmental context; communication strategy; public acceptance; stakeholder engagement; political acceptance; road pricing schemes; social context; consultation strategy; political context

Subjects: Systems theory applications in social science and politics; Systems theory applications in economics and business; Systems theory applications in transportation