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## Diversity and cooperative communications in body area networks

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Advances in Body-Centric Wireless Communication: Applications and state-of-the-art — Recommend this title to your library

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In this chapter, we investigate diversity and cooperative communications, and particularly cooperative diversity, for body-centric communications in wireless body area networks (BANs). Cooperative diversity for BANs is vitally important for required communications reliability, as well as increasing network and sensor lifetime by potentially reducing energy consumption, as will be shown here. We describe what is meant by cooperative communications and cooperative diversity, including a brief survey of the state-of-the-art. Description and analysis of the benefits of cooperative diversity in BANs is mainly with respect to the physical layer, but there is also some brief discussion of the MAC layer and network layer. In terms of cooperative receive diversity, feasible in IEEE 802.15.6 Standard compliant BAN, several cooperative receive combining techniques are described, which are all beneficial over single-link communications in terms of firstand second-order statistics. A simple, practical, technique of switch-and-examine combining shows good performance in terms of important metrics, and this can be further enhanced when combined with a simple “sample-and-hold” transmit power control, which can help reduce energy consumption for sensor radios.

Chapter Contents:

• Abstract
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Cooperative on-body communications - illustrations
• 2.3 General overview of cooperative communications
• 2.4 State-of-the-art in BAN literature
• 2.4.1 Co-located spatial diversity in BANs
• 2.4.2 Cooperative diversity
• 2.5 Experimental method, gaining data for studies of cooperative communications
• 2.6 Coded GFSK on-body communications with cooperative diversity
• 2.6.1 System model for coded GFSK CoBANs
• 2.6.2 Performance analysis
• 2.7 Outage analysis, cooperative selection combining and maximum-ratio combining
• 2.8 Implementation of cooperative selection and maximum-ratio combining
• 2.8.1 Single-link fading statistics
• 2.8.2 Performance analysis
• 2.8.2.1 Analysis of outage probability
• 2.8.3 Analysis of second-order statistics
• 2.9 Cooperative diversity with switched combining
• 2.9.1 Switched combining - implementation
• 2.9.2 Theoretical performance
• 2.9.3 Analysis of outage probability
• 2.9.3.1 Optimum hST
• 2.9.3.2 Overall outage probability performance
• 2.9.3.3 Outage probability performance at particular hub positions
• 2.9.3.4 Outage probability performance - empirical compared with theoretical
• 2.9.4 Switching rate analysis
• 2.10 Cooperative switched diversity with power control
• 2.10.1 Transmit power control using "sample-and-hold" prediction
• 2.10.2 First- and second-order statistics
• 2.10.3 Performance analysis
• 2.11 Conclusion
• References

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