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## Digital differential protection of transformers

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This Chapter gives a brief general review of the principles of transformer differential protection. This is followed by an explanation of the application of digital techniques and the algorithms that have been developed specifically for application to transformer protection. The algorithms covered include finite duration impulse (FIR) filters, least-squares curve fitting, the digital Fourier algorithm and the flux-restrained current differential algorithm. Finally, the basic hardware arrangement for implementing digital techniques to the protection of transformers is described. It is, however, important to note that closely similar techniques can be applied to the protection of generators, although, in this case, the transformation ratio of currents is the same on each side of the protected zone.

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