The reference architecture framework
The requirements and goals of the platform for smart cities highlight that the supply chain must enable a data environment in which all stakeholders involved are able to co-exist and compete among them. Therefore, the closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model is designed and managed to explicitly consider activities along both the forward and the reverse flow chain. Data can be produced, re-used, re-manufactured or even disposed. The interesting point here is to facilitate the `knowledge' created in smart cities to be infused back onto the system, and users are able to be part of the data processing and improve the platform through collaborative networking. The value chain analysis explicitly recognizes the interdependencies and profits cost efficiencies from the exploitation of linkages between value activities of a city. For instance, changes in the standard formats (one value activity) may significantly influence the activities involved in operations and outbound logistics (another value activity). These activities must be well co-ordinated if the change in standards is to be accomplished. Establishing new data standards without the platform having means to support it will affect the reliability of the platform. Another issue to consider is a service (an activity value) not be real-time available-to-promise/capable-to-promise and fulfilment or users' needs. Time-sensitive processes in a city, such as fraudulent operation, traffic flows, infrastructure monitoring, emergencies or tragedies, need high data/service availability in order to detect any problem before it actually happens. Value chain analysis and exploration provides a powerful tool for strategic thinking for creating a smart city with a sustainable platform.
The reference architecture framework, Page 1 of 2
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