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Carotid artery mechanics assessed by ultrasound

Carotid artery mechanics assessed by ultrasound

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The carotid artery is an important blood vessel, supplying the brain with oxygen and nutrients. Two carotid arteries are found, one on either side of the neck. It bifurcates into the external carotid artery, that is mainly responsible for supplying the facial muscles with blood, and the internal carotid artery that ensures blood flow to the brain. It connects (together with the vertebral arteries) to the circle of Willis, from which the entire brain is supplied with blood. The circle of Willis introduces redundancy of supplying vessels, thus ensuring that occlusion of one carotid artery does not result in cerebral ischemia.

Chapter Contents:

  • 23.1 Introduction
  • 23.1.1 Anatomy
  • 23.1.2 Tissue composition
  • 23.1.3 Atherosclerosis
  • 23.1.4 Treatment of stenotic arteries
  • 23.2 Mechanical behavior of carotid arteries
  • 23.2.1 Loading of arteries
  • 23.2.2 Deformation of arteries
  • 23.2.3 Pressure–diameter relation
  • 23.2.3.1 Compliance and distensibility
  • 23.2.4 Stress–strain behavior
  • 23.2.4.1 Elasticity moduli and stiffness
  • 23.2.4.2 Pulse wave velocity
  • 23.2.4.3 Stiffness vs. elasticity
  • 23.2.5 Nonlinearity
  • 23.2.6 Anisotropy and viscoelasticity
  • 23.3 US-based assessment of carotid mechanics
  • 23.3.1 Motion estimation
  • 23.3.1.1 Compliance and distensibility estimation
  • 23.3.2 Elastometry
  • 23.3.3 Pulse wave velocity imaging
  • 23.3.4 Shear wave elastography
  • 23.3.5 Strain imaging
  • 23.3.6 (Inverse) finite element modeling
  • References

Inspec keywords: brain; haemodynamics; blood vessels; medical image processing; biomedical ultrasonics

Other keywords: carotid artery mechanics; ultrasound-based assessment; brain; blood flow; blood vessel

Subjects: Sonic and ultrasonic applications; Biology and medical computing; Sonic and ultrasonic radiation (biomedical imaging/measurement); Patient diagnostic methods and instrumentation; Computer vision and image processing techniques; Optical, image and video signal processing; Sonic and ultrasonic radiation (medical uses); Mechanical properties of tissues and organs; Haemodynamics, pneumodynamics

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