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## Asynchronous sensing

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In this chapter, we have presented a few examples of designs from the domain of sensors that illustrate the promise of asynchronous techniques in the design of sensing systems. Such systems often impose strict performance requirements. For example, in wide area distributed networked sensors, there are constraints of tight energy budgets and low area costs. In the case of image sensors, a large array of tiny sensory pixels are packed into a single chip, and pose performance challenges if rigid global synchronization is used. Since transduction is usually followed by analog -to -digital conversion (ADC) and digital signal processing (DSP), these processing techniques must also be specialized to be highly energy efficient. Furthermore, sensing often involves long idle periods, so all sensing systems must have very low idle power consumption. In this chapter, we saw examples of frameless image sensors, asynchronous sensor processors, and continuous -time ADC and DSP, all of which exemplify the power and promise of asynchronous design in the fi eld of sensing.

Chapter Contents:

• 6.1 Image sensors
• 6.1.1 Frames versus frameless sensing
• 6.1.2 Traditional (synchronous) image sensors
• 6.1.3 Asynchronous spiking pixel sensors
• 6.1.4 Asynchronous logarithmic sensors
• 6.2 Sensor processors
• 6.2.1 SNAP: a sensor-network asynchronous processor
• 6.2.2 BitSNAP
• 6.3 Signal processing
• 6.3.1 Continuous-time DSP
• 6.3.2 Asynchronous analog-to-digital converters
• 6.3.3 A hybrid synchronous–asynchronous FIR filter
• 6.4 Conclusion
• References

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