In this chapter, we focus exclusively on our work on gathering data from a large number of sources in the stadium. In the theoretical work reported here, we are particularly interested in minimizing the time and energy required to gather data from many different sensor nodes. There is a parallel effort, reported elsewhere, to take the results of our theoretical research and turn them into real systems that we deploy in the stadium and study when they are used during the sporting events paces. Our current efforts include: Gathering video and data from the game to share with fans in the stands via web applications that enable on-demand access to multimedia content, including video-clips of plays, visualization of game events, and game/player stats. Developing wireless sensor networks to monitor structural vibrations of the stadium and audio of the crowd. An extreme emitter density test bed for RF spectrum sensing and cross-layer localization of wireless devices. Analytical models and associated algorithms for collecting, processing, and communicating very large amounts of data for detection, estimation, and other tasks.

Chapter Contents:

• 4.1 Clustering in wireless sensor networks
• 4.1.1 Communication cost in multi-hop multilevel clusters
• 4.1.2 Optimal probabilities of electing clusterheads
• 4.2 Histogram-frame-based random access
• 4.2.1 System model
• 4.2.2 Protocol description
• 4.2.3 Mathematical model
• 4.3 Collision-aware fusion rule for distributed detection in a simple binary hypothesis testing problem
• 4.4 Collision-aware fusion rule for distributed detection in a composite hypothesis testing problem
• 4.5 Collision-aware fusion rule for distributed estimation
• 4.6 Conclusions and extensions
• References

Inspec keywords: structural engineering; energy conservation; wireless sensor networks; pattern clustering; sensor fusion; signal detection; statistical analysis; radio spectrum management; Web services; media streaming; condition monitoring; vibrations; sport; sensor placement; buildings (structures); mobile computing; parameter estimation

Other keywords: sensor nodes; game events; game-player stats; video-clips; multimedia content; collision-aware distributed detection-estimation; wireless sensor networks; wireless devices; cross-layer localization; RF spectrum sensing; on-demand access; visualization; sporting events; structural vibrations monitoring; web applications; extreme emitter density test bed; random-access-based WSN; stadium; energy-efficient clustering; crowd audio; video data

Subjects: Mobile radio systems; Service industries; Multimedia communications; Optimisation techniques; Wireless sensor networks; Vibrations and shock waves (mechanical engineering); Signal detection; Computer communications; Sensor fusion; Multimedia; Computer networks and techniques; Building structures; Other topics in statistics; Mobile, ubiquitous and pervasive computing; Internet software; Other topics in statistics; Inspection and quality control; Civil and mechanical engineering computing; Maintenance and reliability; Statistics