Cell and blood imaging is a key process for developing biomedical measurement devices. Visualisation for measuring cell concentration distribution can potentially improve the control of cells in micro-fluidic flow, and also it is useful for validating computational models of cells distribution in micro-fluidics. Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is one of the visualisation technique to measure the electrical conductivity or permittivity distribution within a medium using electrical measurements from a series of electrodes on the surface of the object. EIT uses low frequency (0-10 MHz), low voltage (0-5 V) and low current (0-4 mA). It has advantages, such as no radioactive source, non-invasive, fast and low cost. EIT has been widely used for biological applications.

Chapter Contents:

• List of abbreviations
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Micro-sensors with different structures
• 13.3 Noise reduction methods for micro-sensors
• 13.3.1 Noise from macro-to micro-sensors
• 13.3.2 Contact impedance
• 13.4 Cell imaging
• 13.4.1 Micro-fluidic sensors
• 13.4.2 Simulation of cell distribution
• 13.4.3 Cell imaging experiments
• 13.5 Blood flow measurement
• 13.5.1 Experimental setup and method
• 13.5.2 Experimental results
• 13.6 Future prospects
• References

Inspec keywords: electrical conductivity; cellular biophysics; permittivity; biomedical imaging; bioelectric phenomena; bioMEMS; microsensors; biomedical equipment; blood; electric impedance imaging

Other keywords: microsensors; permittivity distribution; blood imaging; electrical impedance tomography; microfluidic flow; biological applications; EIT; electrical measurements; electrical conductivity; cell concentration distribution; cell imaging; biomedical measurement devices

Subjects: Cellular biophysics; Sensing and detecting devices; Electrodiagnostics and other electrical measurement techniques; Bioelectricity; Biomedical measurement and imaging; Impedance and admittance measurement; Micromechanical and nanomechanical devices and systems