The principles of ground penetrating radar (GPR) are solidly based on the use of electromagnetic wave radiation to detect buried targets. The article attempts to describe the essentials of electromagnetic wave propagation and transport of power through space and through lossless and lossy materials. By necessity only the fundamental principles can be addressed in the context of this work and within the obvious space limitations. If further depth is required, the reader is encouraged to consult any of the many excellent books and other sources available, including some that are listed as references.
Chapter Contents:
- 2.1 Introduction
- 2.2 The electromagnetic wave equation and its solution
- 2.2.1 The time-dependent wave equation
- 2.2.2 The time-harmonic wave equations
- 2.2.3 The wave equation in lossy dielectrics
- 2.2.4 Solution of the wave equation
- 2.2.4.1 Solution for uniform plane waves
- 2.2.4.2 The one-dimensional wave equation in free-space and perfect dielectrics
- 2.3 The electromagnetic spectrum
- 2.4 Propagation of plane waves in materials
- 2.4.1 Propagation of plane waves in lossy dielectrics
- 2.4.2 The speed of propagation of waves and dispersion
- 2.4.3 Group velocity
- 2.4.4 Dispersion
- 2.4.5 Material properties
- 2.4.5.1 Static polarization and the concept of relative permittivity
- 2.4.5.2 Debye model for polarization
- 2.4.5.3 Lorentz model for polarization
- 2.4.6 Homogeneity, linearity, and anisotropy of materials
- 2.5 Reflection, transmission, refraction, scattering, and diffraction of electromagnetic waves
- 2.5.1 Reflection and transmission of electromagnetic waves at a general interface
- 2.5.2 Refraction, diffraction, and scattering of electromagnetic waves
- 2.6 Summary
- References
Inspec keywords:
object detection;
ground penetrating radar;
electromagnetic wave propagation;
radar detection
Other keywords:
ground penetrating radar;
lossless materials;
GPR;
electromagnetic wave propagation;
buried target detection;
lossy materials
Subjects:
Radar equipment, systems and applications;
Signal detection
