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New Publications are available now online for this publication.
Please follow the links to view the publication.Study on the comprehensive test technology of circuit breaker mechanical life and Its accessories based on virtual instrument
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.0698
Circuit breakers are widely used in power distribution systems. Accessories of circuit breaker expand and complement its function. Mechanical life test, operational reliability test, leakage module operation test, under voltage and shunt releases test, auxiliary and alarm contacts test are very important in the circuit breaker test. In this paper, it is detailedly described that the data acquisition and signal processing system developed with LabVIEW and controlled by industrial computer for circuit breaker test. The mechanical life test and operational reliability test with 24V/1A DC resistive load can be accomplished. The reliability of circuit breaker making and breaking can be judged by real-time detecting and processing the voltage between the contacts when contacts close and open. In the accessories test, industrial computer impels relevant hardware to generate test current or voltage, and then imposes on the circuit breaker and its accessories. Using high-speed data acquisition card, it measures relational electrical signal before and after putting on the test current or voltage. Through processing and analyzing, it can accurately determine the reliability of circuit breaker accessories action or breaker status indication.The connector life test system design
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.0687
The connector life test system is designed in order to study the connector service life in normal operating conditions. The connector life test system can provide an important reference for designers to improve the mechanical structure, materials to improve product quality and life. The test system including mechanical unit, the human-computer interaction unit, motion control unit, and insertion/removal force test units, achieves automatic insert-withdraw of connectors and insertion / removal force measuring with the mutual cooperation of each units. The contact position of connector contact pair's is transformed randomly to make the simulation test more close to the actual situation during the accelerated test. The system can provide necessary means for Life Prediction of the connector.Morphological wavelet analysis for low-voltage arc fault
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.0704
The arc fault is one of most important reasons causing electrical fire accidents. The morphological wavelet is introduced into the researching about arc fault in this paper to solve this problem. The analysis module of morphological wavelet is developed by LABVIEW. Combined with the new testing system, the normal and fault arc waveforms of some residential loads are sampled and analyzed by the module. Also the characters of the arc fault which occurs in different positions with the mixed loads are analyzed. It makes a new exploration for setting up an intelligent universal diagnostic model about arc fault.Test stand for testing contacts of switches in a fixed household electrical installations
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.0642
Description of a computerized test stand designated for switching testing of contacts in switches used in fixed household and similar installations. Testing device has a mechanical drive, adapted for testing of key-driven (actuator) switches, and an electronic measurement system adapted for simultaneous testing of 5 switches. The stand's software enables to execute the statistical measurements of different electrical and mechanical quantities during testing of the switching ability. Current and voltage waveforms are recorded in the computer's memory and after the test they may be analysed and described in detail. The measuring system enables to designate the number, duration and arc energy of the contacts' bounces during switching on and arc duration and energy during switching the current off. Readings are then tabulated and may be presented in the graphical form.Wireless sensor networks Zigbee applied on sewage treatment station
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2012.0598
The good efficiency in a sewage treatment plant (WWTP) is a great importance to the environment. The management of electromechanical equipment installed in these stations is a major challenge due to the fact that they are installed on areas of difficult access and maintenance unhealthy and making the time for the correction of any faults is extended. This paper proposes the development of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), in order to monitor electromechanical equipment, allowing the Concessionaire a predictive control in real time. The design of a wireless sensors network for monitoring equipment requires not only the development and assembly of the sensor modules, but must also include the development of software for managing the data collected. Thus, this work includes a Zigbee WSN, small, adapted for monitoring of electromechanical equipment and environmental conditions of a WWTP, type stabilization pond, installed in an area of approximately 0.15 km<sup xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/">2</sup> and the average flow of 320 liters of treatment per second. The experimental results show that this monitoring system can perform with the collection of parameters of performance and quality assessment at the station. (5 pages)SCADA approaches to remote condition monitoring
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0589
Traditionally, remote monitoring architectures have relied on data loggers collecting data at source for transmission to other systems using either bespoke protocols or ASCII formatted data transfer. As technology evolves, more plant equipment is becoming 'intelligent' and can often report its own condition and health status. Furthermore, many items of plant are becoming network-enabled utilising either fixed or wireless media (in some cases both). These changes are forcing a rethink on strategy how we can best connect to the plant equipment to extract the essential condition information, and how we transport this across data networks into the necessary domains for action and analysis? Coupled with this is the ever increasing pressure from industry to utilise open and standardised protocols, data models and system approaches to reduce cost, allow for future expansion and provide flexibility to interchange system components. By their very nature, SCADA systems deliver more open connectivity options, including standard protocols, allowing end users to pick and choose the right component for their application, ultimately delivering a lower life cycle cost. (6 pages)Research on underground wireless video encoding algorithm based on region of interest for interprediction
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0992
The low illumination and odious environment in the coal mine underground have greatly affected the quality of video image. Aimed at the specialty that the background is unchanged basically at coal mine underground wireless video monitoring point with foreground objects moving only, the inter-prediction algorithm based on region of interest is brought forward in the article. By simulating, the algorithm could greatly reduce the complexity of video encoding and encoding rate, while the quality of video basically keeping unchanged or even enhanced.Design of wireless sensor node for drought monitoring in vineyards
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.1079
For the application of vineyards drought monitoring, a wireless sensor network (WSN) sensing node was designed which is suitable for setting up a WSN in vineyards. Each of the sensing nodes was composed of an ATmega128L microprocessor for data processing and controlling, SHT11 and TDR-3 sensor modules for data measurements, and a nRF905 transceiver module for data transmission and reception. In- field networking experiments were conducted in 5 different node deployments based on nodes density. The average values of packet loss rate (PLR) under different scenarios were 0.96%, 3.47%, 7.86%, 10.65%, 14.83%, respectively. Results indicated that the system can collect the temperature, humidity and soil water content, and transmit data remotely to the base station, provided with the characteristics of working stability and reliability. (4 pages)Study of architecture of Power Internet of Things
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0762
It has been widely recognized that smart grid is one of the most important applications of Internet of Things. Bases on the construction and development characteristics of smart grid, this paper concludes the architecture of Power Internet of Things (PIoT), advanced technologies of PIoT, and the applications of PIoT in smart grid power generation, transmission, transformation, distribution and utilization.Low power consumption wireless temperature and humidity monitoring node based on MCF51QE128
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0874
Nowadays, the power consumption of wireless temperature and humidity monitoring node has become a major problem, for it is powered by battery. Therefore, this paper focuses on the 32bit low power consuming microcontroller MCF51QE128, working with the low power-consuming temperature and humidity sensor SHT11 and the low power-consuming wireless mode nRF905. For software, the system is designed with the level method, for it is efficient on structural and hardware independence. The methods of interrupt calls, macro mode and hibernation mechanism are adopted to reduce power consumption. Hence, the wireless temperature and humidity monitoring node is low power-consuming and low cost.Trackside measurement at railway critical zones using sensors and vehicle-borne instrumentation
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0595
The aim of this research is to identify problems at transition zones, also known as critical zones, which are between an open track and a super structure, by means of field monitoring. Data has been collected using vehicle-borne instrumentation, including bogie-mounted inertial sensors. The purpose of this research is to simultaneously measure the vertical displacement of mam" consecutive sleepers by means of sleeper mounted Positional Sensitivity Device (PSD) sensors and geophones connected via a Controlled Area Network (CAN) bus, which enables data transmission among multiple nodes. This paper summarises the initial work carried out with a prototype of the PSD sensor. PSD sensors were tested in the laboratory using different electronic components and fine tuned with a range of central frequencies using a programmable oscillator. In future work the sensor network will be deployed, which can cover up to 16 sleepers in a known critical zone to obtain data during the train passage. In addition, to supplement the constraints of each methodology, comparison tests between the PSD sensor and geophone sensors will be part of future work. (5 pages)Track condition monitoring by in-service trains: a comparison between axle-box and bogie accelerometers
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0586
This paper is focused on a comparison between the axle-box and bogie mounted accelerometers for the track condition monitoring by in-service high-speed trains. A method based on Kalman, band-pass, compensation filters are introduced to estimate the lateral and vertical track irregularities from the corresponding axle-box or bogie accelerometers. Also, the rail vehicle dynamics software is used to analyse the estimated result and to verify the developed method. (6 pages)Condition monitoring of suspension components in railway bogies
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0613
This paper describes approaches to the condition monitoring of suspension components in railway bogies developed at Politecnico di Milano, Dipartimento di Meccanica and their application to a high-speed rail vehicle. Two classes of FDI techniques are proposed and compared: model-free and model-based FDI. The two proposed FDI approaches were applied to the case of an ETR500 class high speed trailed car, and numerical experiments were carried out to assess their effectiveness. The next step of the research consists in the verification of the applicability of the methods to a real case and to this aim an experimental campaign was set-up on the high speed test train ETR 500-Y1 running on the Italian high speed railway network. The paper presents the results of the numerical analyses performed and provides information about the implementation of the CBM system on-board the experimental train. (6 pages)The power of performance monitoring and data analysis in implementing the signalling upgrade of the London Underground Jubilee Line
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0576
The London Underground Jubilee Line runs from Stratford to Stanmore and includes some of the busiest sections of the London Underground network. The London Underground Jubilee Line signalling upgrade aims to reduce journey times by 22% and increase capacity by 33% [1]. Reduced journey times and increased capacity are achieved by the implementation of the Thales Transmission Based Train Control (TBTC) moving block signalling system SelTrac. This paper covers the technical and operational challenges faced in the implementation of a TBTC system on an existing revenue railway and how Performance Monitoring and Data Analysis were used to solve some of these issues. Performance monitoring and Data Analysis have been fundamental to the successful implementation. Through case studies the paper discusses the design of Performance Monitoring, root cause identification. Through Data Analysis and the performance improvements achieved. The paper also includes the future development of Performance Monitoring and Data Analysis to support the upgrade of the London Underground Northern Line. In making an assessment of Performance Monitoring and Data Analysis the paper includes a summary of the implementation methodology, Systems Engineering approach and performance of the London Underground Jubilee Line since implementation of the new signalling system. (5 pages)Japanese railway condition monitoring of tracks using in-service vehicle
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2011.0587
This paper summarizes the track-condition-monitoring system for conventional and high speed railway used in Japanese railway. For conventional railway, rail irregularities are estimated from the vertical and lateral acceleration of the car body. The roll angle of the car body, calculated using a rate gyroscope, is used to distinguish line irregularities from level irregularities. Rail corrugation is detected from cabin noise with spectral peak calculation. A GPS system and a map-matching algorithm are used to pinpoint the location of faults on tracks. Field test using in-service vehicle was carried out to evaluate the developed system. The results show that the condition of rail irregularity and rail corrugation can be estimated effectively. For high speed railway, shinkansen, the track condition monitoring system called RAIDARSS 3 is introduced. (6 pages)Auto-connection mechanisms for educational virtual laboratory
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.0594
Construction kits are useful educational tools that provide children with many learning opportunities. However, to support learners in effective leaning through construction processes, it is necessary to provide appropriate support to the learners according to their skills or knowledge. We have developed a Web-based interactive virtual laboratory with a construction kit, where users can assemble primitive components into a biker model powered by a solar cell. In this paper, we have proposed auto-connection mechanisms for supporting different types of users and different learning scenarios in the laboratory. Since this auto-connection setting can be changed during runtime by users according to the learners' skills, teachers can provide different settings for each learner without resorting to complicated programming.Processing of audio signal in all fiber-optic sensor system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.1159
This paper discusses the disposal of audio signal of all fiber optic vibration sensor. Disvantages what electricity and light being combined together in traditional audio transmission cannot be divided has been overcome. The system also diminishes the interference from noise, electromagnetism, and so on. It also processes the advantage that can transfer audio signal in a long distance. Audio signal of this new fiber sensor also has been studied in the paper. Audio signal has been extracted and stored by using labview, and stored by using labview, and the noise reduction filter of audio signal has come true by matlab. At the end of the experiment, the result tells us that signal has been well extracted and stored through the disposal of matlab, audio noise has been decreased a lot.Design of WSN nodes and network performance analysis in a tea plantation
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.1043
This paper introduces a design method of WSN node and gateway node for monitoring environmental status in a tea plantation. Each of the sensing nodes was composed of an ATmega128L micro-processor and a CC2420 transceiver module. Micro controller S3C2410X was used as the kernel of hardware platform in the gateway node. The networking experiments were conducted both in laboratory and tea plantation with MESH Routing Protocol to evaluate network performance under different net scales and different modes of node deployment. Result show that the system can collect the temperature and humidity of the tea plantation and transmit remotely to the base station. An effective solution for monitoring the environment of the complicated geographical conditions like tea plantation was explored, which can be taken as an example of the solution for in-field measurements.HIBOR: an efficient approach to sequence pattern query processing in wireless sensor networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.1046
Sequence-based query processing has not attracted much attention in wireless sensor networks though its counterpart has been studied extensively in time series databases. So as to answer such queries of interest, data distribution collected by sensor nodes and moving trends of sequences can be captured by HIBOR (Histogram with Bit vectOR). We consider the problem of distributed clustering and querying over histograms with bit vectors of moving trends of sensor data sequences. Especially, we are interested in efficiently answering the following query, namely query by example: return all the sensor nodes that have observed a particular sequence pattern issued by the user with specified thresholds. In this paper, we present a novel approach to addressing the query mentioned above efficiently. First, the whole sensor network is partitioned into several clusters. Second, a distributed index is built on the clustering result, which is based on average histograms and bit vectors. Using hierarchical histograms maintained at different layers, HIBOR can prune as many branches as possible during query processing. Extensive experiments on both real-world and synthetic data sets show that HIBOR significantly reduces total communication overheads and extends network lifetime.Principal Component Analysis (PCA) based neural network for motor protection
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.0252
In this work, a real time digital protection algorithm based on PCA and neural network methods is presented for induction motors. The proposed protection algorithm covers internal winding faults, broken rotor bar faults, and bearing faults. Many laboratory experiments have been performed on a specially designed induction motor to evaluate the performance of the suggested protection algorithm. The hybrid protection algorithm uses the instantaneous phase currents. These currents are first preprocessed by PCA to extract distinctive features called residuals. Then the calculated residuals are applied to a feed-forward backpropagation neural network as input vectors. The outputs of the network are winding fault, bearing fault, and normal operating. The proposed algorithm is implemented by using C++ with a NI-DAQ data acquisition board. (5 pages)Composite tactile sensor array using fiber Bragg grating sensors and measuring system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2010.1157
A composite tactile sensor element using identical fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and its 4×4 tactile sensor array were proposed. The structure and fabrication of the composite tactile sensor array were described in detail. The system of measuring the distributed contact forces and temperatures simultaneously was newly designed. Based on the identical FBGs, the measuring system resolved the cross-sensitivity problem of temperature and strain in fiber Bragg grating. The optical system and hardware circuit of measurement system were designed specifically. A field programmable gate array (FPGA) is the core of the hardware circuit, which can collect and process the photoelectric signal voltage shaped into rectangular voltage pulse. The hardware circuit communicated the signal to the computer through the UART and USB. The computer dynamically displayed and calibrated contact forces and temperatures of the measured points. Experiments show that, there are sufficient performance and the possibility to practically utilize the composite tactile sensor array, and the measuring system for distributed tactile forces and temperatures has many advantages, such as high stability, high capacity, high speed of data processing, contact-force resolution of 0.01 N and contact-temperature resolution of 0.5 °C.Security in peer-to-peer applications and remote instrumentation over satellite: a scenario including Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR)
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1214
Remote Instrumentation Services (RIS) are an important component in PPDR applications, where heterogeneous devices can be present, ranging from measurement instrumentation and environmental sensors to telemedicine equipment. The presence of high disruption and absence of communication infrastructure might represent satellite network the only access possibility to remote areas. This paper focuses on examining the security and networking issues in satellite p2p, remote instrumentation services, and the related PPDR applications; also it highlights the security issues which rise due to high disruption, disconnectivity, and deployment of heterogeneous. (7 pages)Research and design of LXI class A instruments
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1975
This paper introduces the relevant content of LXI bus technology including its developments, classification, and research status of synchronous triggering of LXI bus. Based on the discussion of hardware triggering techniques, a feasible structure of LXI class A instrument is proposed. Its hardware and software design is described in detail. In hardware design, the M-LVDS drivers are adopted to complete the transmission of triggering events and satisfy the specification of LXI class A instruments. Because of the high performance cast ratio, ARM processor is adopted to be the controller of the instrument. The software scheme is also proposed. The instrument software is designed as a Web server. With a browser, users can access LXI instruments through communicating with IVI-COM drivers. The proposed instrument scheme has the advantages of wider coverage, better succession, longer life cycle, lower cost, greater data throughput and so on.Impact of IEC 61850 on power quality monitoring and recording
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.1142
Power quality monitoring is becoming increasingly important due to the sensitivity of many industrial loads. IEC 61850 allows the development of a new generation of applications and tools that can take advantage of the available functions in multifunctional substation IEDs. Sampled values, GOOSE messages and reports can be used in a distributed IEC 61850 based power quality monitoring system.. (4 pages)Supervision dashboards to monitor system and network performances at local and national level
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp.2009.0708
Enel has developed a system called STWeb to manage informations generated by telecontrol systems. STWeb allows users of the Corporate Intranet, to carry out monitoring and reporting activities related to the daily operation of remote control systems. The paper describes the present architecture of STWeb and the main software applications. (4 pages)Digital measuring techniques and evaluation processes
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20080545
After the description of the main characteristics of digital measuring systems in comparison to analogue measuring systems the most difficult type of voltages to be measured in high voltage tests, the lightning and switching impulse voltage, will be used to show the important parameters of digital measuring systems and its consequence concerning uncertainty and reproducibility. Examples of using digital measuring technique in the field of impulse tests on transformers and partial discharge measurements will be shown. Digital measuring systems includes today the evaluation software and the latest status of the requirements on software defined by standardisation organisation will be reported.The TATEM technical construct
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20080634
In the scope of the TATEM project (Technologies And Techniques for nEw Maintenance concepts) for the 6<sup xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/">th</sup> European Community Framework Programme for Research, Technological Development and Demonstration on aeronautics and air transport, Aircraft maintenance actors were to cooperate to define improved maintenance processes taking advantage of new technologies. To do so, a global information system simulator called a data management platform (DMP) has been developed as a backbone for the new technologies and techniques investigated by the project. Granting access to state of the art on-board and on-ground IT capabilities opens new possibilities of data transformation and presentation, such as adopting the ISO 13374 based open system architecture for condition based maintenance (OSA- CBM) standard, as well as opportunities to share maintenance data on standardised formats which in turn opens the door to collaborative maintenance. (8 pages)Key technique and application research on the virtual prototype reality design
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20080258
Virtual prototype reality design (VPRD) is a new technique of product development, main research is problem of modelling in virtual environment and of integration product and process design based on simulation. The basic idea, characteristic and study status in home and abroad of VPRD are discussed in this paper, taking the electronic instruments as the object, the VPRD model of instrument products and its key techniques are put forward, the VPRD software frame model of the instrument products is built, the VPRD of the intelligent instrument is developed. The customization work of prototype system has been finished, the scheme design decision support system of instrument based on lifecycle has been developed and it has been used in the new product development of instruments.Smart metering: Zero carbon building - the importance of energy management
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic.2008.0741
Advanced metering is usually used to describe metering that allows a customer to see the pattern of usage. Smart metering benefits may be understated, especially in the context of zero carbon homes. The impact assessment for smart meters derives benefit from: 1.) lower emissions; 2.) reduced peak demands; 3.) more efficient meter reading and billing and 4.) lower energy bills. Intelligent wiring of residential homes coupled to smart metering and smart appliances could create an additional layer of benefits for suppliers and system operation that improve the economic prospects for smart meters. (9 pages)Avoidance of failure in software for programmable component systems
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20080512
Modern rolling stock depends on a host of computer systems to perform a myriad of complex tasks for operation, control and monitoring. These systems must be dependable not only for reasons of business criticality but also to ensure passenger safety. The high reliability and accuracy requirements for rolling stock systems lead, therefore, to equally high requirements for the integrity of the software contained with them. The development of failure- free software has always been a major goal in any organisation but it is difficult, even with today's methods in software engineering, to avoid software failures completely. Testing until the software is totally error-free may be an impossible task for large programs, where checking all the combinations of logic paths and inputs would be required. This paper discusses the nature of software failure, the characteristics of software which make it different to other engineered products and the methods and techniques that can be used for design and testing to provide high levels of confidence in the software. Whilst the focus of this paper is avoidance of failure in software, it should be remembered that software cannot truly be divorced from the system within which it resides. Therefore, the dependability issues surrounding electronic component reliability will also be touched upon. However, for more expansive information on these issues, this paper should be read in conjunction with the paper on "Electronic and Software Design Reliability" by Lenart Sandberg 0 which has been presented in previous years at the IET Traction Systems Professional Development Course.Research and simulation of an expert system on the wide-area back-up protection system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20080034
The electrical power system is relating the national economy life. Guaranteed the power equipment security, is the profitable target which the electric power studies since long ago. Many serious accidents are due to relay malfunction caused or inactive, so people realize that the importance of backup protection. In this paper, power system protection WAN study introduces a back-up protection expert system (BPES), the circuit can be calculated using the AF value computation and the analysis, to determine fault circuit, and then sends out tripping signal according to the relay operation, forms the wide-area backup protection.Capturing high-level conditions, using a publish/subscribe middleware, in sensor systems
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20081128
In this paper we discuss state maintenance components (SMCs), which are used to capture high-level conditions in a state-based publish/subscribe (SPS) middleware. SMCs support temporal and spatial condition interrelationships, while using events received from a publish/subscribe (Pub/Sub) communication system. The SMC data structure is designed so as to enable SMC decompositions and distributions for effective load-balancing, localized processing, and information sharing. Our evaluation, using real sensor data in the context of a smart transportation system, demonstrates the expressiveness and the scalability of SMCs in the SPS middleware. (8 pages)Microprocessor based measurement of π-model transmission line parameters under fault conditions
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20070643
This paper presents design, development and testing of an Intel-8086 microprocessor based system for the measurement of transmission line parameters (R and X) under fault conditions. The value of R and X from relay location to fault point are required to be known in order to determine whether the fault point lies in the relay's protective zone or not. In differential equation solution based on series R-L transmission line model, shunt capacitive effect is ignored. Obviously, algorithm is not accurate particularly for medium and long transmission line protective relaying design. Therefore, it is necessary to measure and consider the shunt capacitance of transmission line. The algorithm used for the measurement of transmission line parameters is based on the solution of differential equation using π-model transmission line.Computer based off line haze meter to measure beer haze and to determine the purity of beer
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20070685
This paper presents a personal computer based method of measuring beer haze in the laboratory to improve the quality of the beer. The presence of colloidal particles in the beer even after filtering like proteins and yeast affects the level of beer clarity, or more appropriately the lack thereof (haze), which has to be avoided or reduced to the accepted level prescribed by the International Standards. When incident light falls on the liquid, it exhibits transmission and scattering of light. The amount of transmitted light and scattered light at a 90-degree angle to the axis of the incident light are converted to voltage using photo diode detectors and operational amplifiers. The voltages are converted into digital form using ADC and processed using the personal computer to determine the beer haze. The personal computer is used to control operations, process data and to maintain data base.Design and implementation of a low cost fault tolerant three phase energy meter
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20070646
This paper presents the design and implementation of a microprocessor based intelligent three phase energy meter that measures accurate energy, even at the presence of harmonics. Moreover if a fault occurs in any one of the potential transformer (PT) secondary circuits or the potential coil in the measuring device, the unit can sense the fault and registers the actual energy. Microprocessor provides a simple, accurate, reliable and economical solution of these problems. A framework of hardware circuitry and assembly language program for evaluation of energy values has been given and the problems which should be paid attention to execute the proposed algorithm using microprocessor has been discussed. Illustrative laboratory test results confirm the validity and accurate performance of the proposed method in real-time.Development of Web based power quality monitoring system for handling user custom power quality query and auto power quality monitoring report notification via email
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20070577
Power quality monitoring has increasing role in deregulated electricity supply market. Various utilities all over the world are collecting power quality data to provide a power quality database as a source of benchmark. In deregulated electricity market utilities will be required to provide reliability and power quality indices. Industrial and commercial customers are increasingly getting affected by poor power quality problems. A real time power quality monitoring will help to take some corrective actions. A Web based, near real time power quality monitoring system is necessary to provide such information, both locally and on Nation wide basis to customer. This paper discusses the Web based power quality monitoring system. The entire system has been developed on Java technology. The power quality web based system implemented allows user to access the power quality information and provides auto email notification of the custom power quality report to specified user. The other facilities provided are auto plotting of various RMS voltage variation events such as voltage sag and swell on ITIC or user specified curve and facility of trending plot of total harmonic voltage and current distortion. The proposed system will be useful to industrial customers and utilities.Design of medical wireless location network based on Zigbee protocol
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20070247
A medical wireless location network based on Zigbee/IEEE802.15.4 is issued. The blood pressure values and location information of inpatients could be obtained and handled in time via the wireless network. The kernel chip of the system hardware is CC2430/2431. To calculate the position of mobile sensor nodes, the Location Engine of CC2431 implements a distributed computation algorithm that uses received signal strength indicator (RSSI) values from known reference nodes. This network is a typical location application of Zigbee network.Optimizing output performance of sensor based on wavelet neural networks
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20070174
Sensors' output performance is easily impacted by factors such as temperature, humidity and supply voltage fluctuations etc. To solve the issue, a mechanism that takes advantage of wavelet neural networks is proposed to optimize the sensors' output performance. Mexican hat wavelet has been used as hidden layer function of the RBF neural networks, and pressure sensor has been used for simulation. The simulation results indicate that the proposed mechanism can effectively eliminate the impact of circumstantial factor to target sensor. The convergence rate and compensation accuracy with the proposed algorithm are better than with traditional methods and neural networks. The algorithm can be easily extended to other kinds of sensors.Predictive control tool kit
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20060266
The talk presents a graphical framework for designing and configuring model predictive control applications. This predictive control toolkit developed for LabVIEW contains linear as well as nonlinear predictive control methods. The toolkit is tightly integrated with LabVIEW system identification, control design toolkits and the simulation module for design verification and deployment. The control solutions can be easily imported to a real time platform for industrial applications. Linear and nonlinear predictive control strategies are presented in details and the performances are illustrated in various case studies.Pervasive sensing applications
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/ic_20060258
The pervasive sensing and standardisation activities are discussed in this paper. Applications of pervasive sensing in the utilities sector, buildings and office space management, telecare, and environmental monitoring are presented. (23 pages)Application of VLAN in digital interface of electronic transducers
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20061628
Adopting the multicast/broadcast in the communication of the digital output of electronic transducer based on Ethernet, there are some disadvantages of carrier collision, network overload, broadcast storm etc. From the analysis of the communication of electronic transducer and the VLAN technology, this paper improves on the network building of the substations and the communication frame of the electronic transducers and applies the VLAN technology to the communication. The real-time feature and reliability of the communication between the electronic transducers and the secondary devices is ameliorated. (6 pages)Virtual instrument and frequency conversion technology-based brake test system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20061146
Brake is widely useful and very important safety assuring equipment. The aim of brake test system, which is based on visual instrument and frequency changing technology, is to integrative measure and analyze the performance and quality of the brake. This paper mainly introduces the principle, composing, function and features of the brake test system. And from the point of view of the principle of visual instrument (VI) technology, a test system, based on the VI and frequency changing technologies and consist of frequency changing drive and control sub-system and measuring sub-one, is constructed. With the test system the performances and braking course could be auto controlled and measured to the brakes which includes disc and drum ones. And the measuring and control software is programmed with the LabVIEW published by American NI Corporation, USA. Then data real time acquisition, processing, displaying and recording will be realized. The test system also has the functions of voltage adjusting, rotating speed control, load regulating, JC value setting, temperature measuring, and braking route and time memorizing and analyzing. It will be very important for meaning and exciting boosting effect to advance quality and capabilities of the brakes and the security of equipments and system which have adopt the brakes.Research on measuring model for parallel robot coordinate measuring machine
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20061067
Building measuring model of parallel robot coordinate measuring machine and finding its solutions are positional forward solution problem in parallel machine position analyzing, which is the foundation for its work space, control algorithm and measuring precision. In order to reduce the difficulty for building measuring model and finding its solution, a method of using assembly constraint and dimension driven function of CAD software is presented. Defining the length of actuating limbs as the driving dimensions and the pose parameters of the probe as the driven dimensions, the configuration of the simulation mechanism is varied correspondingly with the variation of the driving dimensions and the driven dimensions (the pose parameters of the probe) can be acquired and recorded. The results of computer simulation show that this method is not only straightforward and quick, but is also advantageous from viewpoint of accuracy and the highly efficient solution for other parallel robot coordinate measuring machine.Building statistical test-cases for smart device software - an example
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20060227
Statistical testing (ST) of software or logic-based components can produce dependability information on such components by yielding an estimate for their probability of failure on demand. An example of software-based components that are increasingly used within safety-related systems e.g. in the nuclear industry, are smart devices. Smart devices are devices with intelligence, capable of more than merely representing correctly a sensed quantity but of functionality such as processing data, self-diagnosis and possibly exchange of data with other devices. Examples are smart transmitters or smart sensors. If such devices are used in a safety-related context, it is crucial to assess whether they fulfil the dependability requirements posed on them to ensure they are dependable enough to be used within the specific safety-related context. This involves making a case for the probability of systematic failure of the smart device. This failure probability is related to faults present in the logic or software-based part of the device. In this paper we look at a technique that can be used to establish a probability of failure for the software part of a smart monitoring unit. This technique is "statistical testing" (ST). Our aim is to share our own experience with ST and to describe some of the issues we have encountered so far on the way to perform ST on this device software.Real-time running state monitoring of power equipment based on image recognition
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20061760
It is a new method that monitoring the power equipments state based on image analyzing, and it can improve the automatic level of power system. Not only the video frequency would be monitored and recoded, but also the images analyzing and recognizing can be done, and it leads the incipient fault to be discovered on-line. The computer captures remote equipments images, calculates images' moment invariants as characteristic vector of recognition, recognizes power equipments by support vector machine (SVM). The system further analyzes images and find if images has convex hull, intensive stochastic noise, or false edges, sequently make a conclusion whether the running state of equipments is in order. Replace of scouting by people themselves, the use of image recognition in power system can timely find troubles and potential troubles of power equipments. So the power equipments can be inspected and maintains its working state, which would improve the running reliability of the unattended substation. (6 pages)A virtual instrument based on Lab VIEW for real-time harmonic detection
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20061993
In this paper, a virtual instrument (VI) based on LabVIEW (laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench) is developed for instantaneous harmonic currents detection in three-phase systems. By the generalized d<sub xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/">k</sub>-q<sub xmlns="http://pub2web.metastore.ingenta.com/ns/">k</sub> coordinate transform theory, any term of harmonic current as well as fundamental active and reactive power can be detected effectively and accurately. All of the detecting functions are realized in LabVIEW environment. Compared with conventional instruments, costs for research and development can be substantially reduced while computing speed can be accelerated. Simulation and experimental results prove the feasibility and validity of the developed VI, therefore it can be widely used for real-time harmonic detecting and power quality monitoring. (4 pages)A software-defined HF sensor for geo-locating noise and interference
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20060253
The Signal to Noise Enhancement Program (SNEP) has built a software-defined, combined noise monitoring and geo-positioning system. RF-control includes a LABVIEW and MATLAB software controlled sensor, using generalized RF down-conversion and sampling. Based upon observed noise and interference levels, the sensor system directs synchronized sampling at three or more remote sensors. The system computes time correlation between the received noise energy, and it computes a hyperbolic time-difference-of-arrival geo-positioning solution for the noise source. RF-control allows for remote control and reporting results via network connection.Analysis on operation of transformer chromatogram online monitoring system
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20061857
The paper introduced the principle and configuration of transformer chromatogram online monitoring system. The key issues of online chromatogram were summarized. According to the operation experience in Taizhou electric power company, the characteristics of transformer chromatogram online monitoring system were put forward, the points for attention on operating these kind of systems is analyzed. (5 pages)Computer aided detection of polyps: a medical application of image processing & analysis
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20060405
This talk will outline how image processing and analysis (IPA) can be applied in the automated analysis of computed tomography (CT) colonography data sets for the detection of colorectal cancer using standard and low-dose radiation CT acquisition [CAD-CTC]. By focusing on this specific task we will illustrate a range of issues facing the application of digital IPA in the medical domain. The talk will place the work in context, outlining the key issues that must be addressed as well as discussing the systems engineering model adopted. We will also introduce some of the IPA techniques developed by our team in tackling this application. Finally we will present results indicating the success of our approach.Hydraulic bend control system research of fuzzy self-adaptive PID based on virtual instrument
http://dl-live.theiet.org/content/conferences/10.1049/cp_20061122
Hydraulic bend control system, a kind of non-linear, close coupling complex electromechanical system, is an important ingredient of rolling shape control. Conventional PID process control is not good enough to meet the increasing precise, intelligent requests of complex electromechanical system. The combination of intelligent and conventional control methods can solve this problem effectively. Applying virtual instrument to hydraulic bend control system of cold mill, this paper designs conventional PID and fuzzy self-adaptive PID controller, presents the solution of integral saturation problem on conventional PID, uses the fuzzy control rules to online adjust the parameters and realizes the optimal parameter modification. Through the practical test comparison of two control methods, it shows fuzzy self-adaptive PID control greatly improves the response speed and control precision of hydraulic bend control system.