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Online ISSN 1751-8792 Print ISSN 1751-8784

IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation

Volume 2, Issue 5, October 2008

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Volume 2, Issue 5

October 2008

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    • Hybrid interference suppression for multistatic radar
      • Author(s): S.D. Blunt ; W. Dower ; K. Gerlach
      • Source: IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Volume 2, Issue 5, p. 323 –333
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rsn:20070183
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 323 –333 (11)
        The accurate estimation of a monostatic radar range profile is considered when in the presence of multistatic radar interference for which the illuminating waveforms are assumed known. In an effort to approach the ideal interference-free performance, the range–domain ‘beamforming’ properties of the recently developed multistatic adaptive pulse compression (MAPC) algorithm is herein combined with the well-known CLEAN algorithm which operates on an interference-subtraction basis. Two versions of this hybridised methodology are presented and compared. To ascertain relative sensitivity, both the mean-squared error and the probability of detection are examined as a function of SNR when in the presence of multistatic interference. It is demonstrated that the respective merits of MAPC and CLEAN can be used to offset the limitations of the other and thereby combine to provide significant additional sensitivity improvement.
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      A range profiling technique for synthetic wideband radar
      • Author(s): F. Berizzi ; M. Martorella ; M. Bernabò
      • Source: IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Volume 2, Issue 5, p. 334 –350
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rsn:20070066
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 334 –350 (17)
        A technique is proposed for reconstructing wide range profiles using stepped-frequency waveforms (SWFs). The technique is based on reconstructing range sub-profiles. With respect to previous methods, the proposed technique can be applied to any kind of SWFs. Moreover, for a given range resolution, long range profiles can be formed without increasing the number of transmitted frequencies. Theoretical results are also derived that provide a correct setting of waveform and processing parameter. Finally, as case studies, the proposed method is applied to three SFWs, namely short-pulse stepped-frequency, linear frequency modulated stepped frequency and phase-coded stepped-frequency waveforms. Simulations prove the effectiveness of the proposed range profile reconstruction.
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      Techniques for birth-particle placement in the probability hypothesis density particle filter applied to passive radar
      • Author(s): M. Tobias  and  A.D. Lanterman
      • Source: IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Volume 2, Issue 5, p. 351 –365
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rsn:20070051
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 351 –365 (15)
        An initial investigation found Ronald Mahler's probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter to be a promising tool for the passive coherent location (PCL) of targets observed via multiple bistatic radar measurements. Two significant improvements to the particle-filter implementation of the PHD-based multitarget, multisensor tracker for PCL are introduced. The first is a simple, yet novel, peak-extraction technique that exploits the integral property of the PHD and provides a faster and more accurate method over currently used techniques to extract the target states from the PHD. The second is an improved method of placing birth particles, whereby a precomputed range-variance-based grid and a least-squares iterative technique is used to place birth particles at the bistatic range and Doppler observation intersections. This leads to greater reliability in detecting targets and a significant reduction in the number of particles required for tracking.
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      Passive bistatic radar based on target illuminations by digital audio broadcasting
      • Author(s): C. Coleman  and  H. Yardley
      • Source: IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Volume 2, Issue 5, p. 366 –375
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rsn:20080019
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 366 –375 (10)
        A practical passive bistatic radar that is based on target illuminations by digital audio broadcasts is described. As with all such radars, direct signal interference (DSI) is identified as a major limitation, the effect being exacerbated by the multiplicity of illuminators. In addition, such multiplicity can also make the extraction of the original transmitted signal difficult. DSI is reduced by a combination of analogue and digital null formation and isolation by use of cross polarisation. Fast techniques are developed for signal extraction and digital null formation, allowing these operations to be achieved in real time. Both the hardware and algorithms of the system are described and representative radar observations are included to show the systems effectiveness.
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      Fast acquisition implementation for high sensitivity global positioning systems receivers based on joint and reduced space search
      • Author(s): P.K. Sagiraju ; G.V.S. Raju ; D. Akopian
      • Source: IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Volume 2, Issue 5, p. 376 –387
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rsn:20070147
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 376 –387 (12)
        In Global Positioning Systems (GPS), unique pseudorandom codes allow different satellites to share available frequency spectra without interference. In receivers, the locally generated codes (replicas) are correlated with received signals to extract a particular satellite's signal and wipe-off its pseudorandom code. The signals received are generally misaligned with replicas. As a result, receivers search for signals using different codes, code phases, and additional residual sinusoidal demodulations at several possible frequencies. This search is called acquisition and it is computationally challenging for receivers operating under weak signal conditions. Software GPS receivers have been developed over the past several years and continue to be an area of extensive research. Faster, less complex, and more efficient algorithms are required for software GPS receivers. We present a fast algorithm for accelerating acquisition. Several frequency domain approaches proposed by authors earlier are combined to reduce computational complexity. These are (i) joint code, code delay and frequency search; (ii) limited code-phase search; and (iii) a shifting replica approach. Significant gains in arithmetic complexity are achieved. A novel method for restoring correlation degradation introduced by limited code phase search is also presented in this paper. Overall performance of the acquisition is illustrated on different platforms.
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      Design of frequency-coded waveforms for target detection

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