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Online ISSN 1752-1424 Print ISSN 1752-1416

IET Renewable Power Generation

Volume 1, Issue 4, December 2007

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Volume 1, Issue 4

December 2007

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    • Application of solid-oxide fuel cell in distributed power generation
      • Author(s): A.K. Saha ; S. Chowdhury ; S.P. Chowdhury ; Y.H. Song
      • Source: IET Renewable Power Generation, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 193 –202
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rpg:20070025
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 193 –202 (10)
        A dynamic model of a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC) of 100  KW capacity has been developed with a control action associated with it for application in distributed power generation. The SOFC system is chosen as a distributed energy resource (DER) because of its ability to tolerate relatively impure fuels. It also can be operated at a higher operating temperature. This dynamic model can be used to simulate and analyse the performance of such a system both in stand-alone and integrated mode with other DERs to predict its dynamic behaviour and load-following characteristics. With a control strategy developed to control the active power and inverter output ac voltage, it is highly efficient and capable of providing good dynamic behaviour and load-following characteristics while maintaining load parameters. The proposed model is used to simulate a step change in power demand from the inverter-side controller to the SOFC-inverter system. It uses two proportional-integral controllers separately with the SOFC system to control fuel flow in accordance with power demand and to maintain the bus voltage constant at the set point value.
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      Design and comparison of a novel stator interior permanent magnet generator for direct-drive wind turbines
      • Author(s): J. Zhang ; Z. Chen ; M. Cheng
      • Source: IET Renewable Power Generation, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 203 –210
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rpg:20070054
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 203 –210 (8)
        A novel stator interior permanent magnet generator (SIPMG) is presented. A modular stator design is used for convenience in manufacture and maintenance. The generator has the advantages of rugged rotor and concentrated winding design whereas the torque ripple is smaller than that produced by a doubly salient machine. Several low-speed multi-pole SIPMGs are designed for direct-drive wind turbines with ratings from 3 to 10 MW. Comparisons between the SIPMG and rotor-surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) show that the SIPMGs have about 120% torque density and 78% cost per kilowatt compared with the PMSG.
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      Offshore grid frequency control design for line-commutated converters high-voltage direct-current link connected wind farms
      • Author(s): R. Li ; S.V. Bozhko ; G.M. Asher ; L. Yao ; L. Ran
      • Source: IET Renewable Power Generation, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 211 –219
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rpg:20070023
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 211 –219 (9)
        The design for the grid frequency control in an offshore wind farm with line-commutated converters high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) link connection is considered. The control paradigm is based on using the local grid frequency control to regulate the HVDC-link current and hence control the power flow in the system. The derived dynamic equations form the basis for the design of the grid frequency controller. The mathematical analysis and the control design are verified through PSCAD simulations. Good modelling agreements are obtained for the closed-loop system, and the work provides a good basis for wider research investigation into wind-farm operation. The operational conditions and ride through of the worst-case short-circuit fault in the receiving end AC system are investigated.
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      Optimal hydrogen storage sizing for wind power plants in day ahead electricity market
      • Author(s): C. Brunetto  and  G. Tina
      • Source: IET Renewable Power Generation, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 220 –226
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-rpg:20070040
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 220 –226 (7)
        Wind energy generation does not often match energy market prices, which are tightly related to consumer demand. The coupling of wind energy conversion system with a storage medium improves the programmability of such generation plants, allowing suppliers to bid both in the energy and services market, and providing suitable profit margins for investors. Today, the ‘renewable hydrogen’ system, where hydrogen is produced by electrolysis, as an energy storage medium represents a way to fully exploit the economic opportunity of energy markets. Optimal sizing of a wind energy storage plant based on hydrogen technology has been analysed. Algorithms are applied in different simulations, varying some parameters such as efficiency and power rating of the plant's sub-systems, that is, electrolyser, fuel cell and storage tank (H2) with regard to their actual and forecasted cost. As a case study, a big wind farm in Sicily and the day ahead market prices in the Italian power exchange have been considered. The results show the incidence of the different components over the total system cost, fixing the possible values that make such a plant feasible considering the net present value.
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