Online ISSN
1755-4543
Print ISSN
1755-4535
IET Power Electronics
Volume 1, Issue 4, December 2008
Volumes & issues:
Volume 1, Issue 4
December 2008
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- Author(s): M.A. Chaudhari and H.M. Suryawanshi
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 419 –432
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070084
- Type: Article
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p.
419
–432
(14)
The discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) operation of front-end diode bridge rectifier used in three-phase AC-to-DC resonant converter is presented. High-frequency triangular current is injected from the output of the three-phase inverter to the input of front-end diode bridge rectifier. Hence, high power-factor operation of the converter is achieved by modulating the input voltage to the front-end rectifier. A detailed operation of the converter along with operating waveforms and modes of operation is discussed. Analysis of DCM operation of the front-end rectifier is carried out. The different design curves and switching stresses are plotted for the design of the converter. Finally, to validate the analytical and simulation predictions experimental results on laboratory set-up of 3 kW, 1000 V are presented. - Author(s): Y.-C. Chuang and Y.-L. Ke
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 433 –444
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070215
- Type: Article
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p.
433
–444
(12)
A resonant converter has low switching losses, a small circuit volume and high power density and is also light. High-frequency switching converters have replaced conventional hard-switching converters. This study utilises a buck zero-current-switching (ZCS) pulse-width-modulated converter for battery chargers to manage resonant converters flexibly. An auxiliary switch is inserted into the resonant loop to control the resonant time. The operating modes of the circuit and the equivalent circuits are identified by analysing the operating principles of the charger circuit, based on the turn-on conditions of the active switches. The equations that are used to determine the circuit parameters are obtained from the equivalent circuits. The developed charger provides the advantages of hard-switching and resonant converters with constant-frequency control, reduced resonant time and the operability of all switching components in the charger under a ZCS condition, markedly reducing switching losses. Experimental results reveal the theoretical effectiveness of the developed novel battery charger circuit. The developed battery charger has a practical mean charging efficiency of over 90% and is highly suited to high-frequency operations with high charging efficiency. - Author(s): Y.-K. Lo and J.-M. Wang
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 445 –454
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070256
- Type: Article
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p.
445
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A current-regulated inverter with an output-coupled inductor for driving AC arc welding machines is proposed. The output-coupled choke keeps the load current continuous and retains the energy during the commutation period. The commutation time can thus be reduced to avoid arc extinction and to ensure a better welding performance. Also the stored energy can be released in the next energy transfer cycle to raise the conversion efficiency. The circuit operations and design procedures are examined thoroughly. Experimental results on prototype inverter for driving a 100 A AC arc welding machine are recorded to validate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. - Author(s): L. Harnefors ; L. Zhang ; M. Bongiorno
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 455 –465
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070286
- Type: Article
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p.
455
–465
(11)
Current controller design for three-phase voltage–source converters, by which a passive input admittance is ideally obtained, is considered. Two design alternatives, with and without voltage feedforward, respectively, are shown to give similar performance. It is demonstrated how additional parts can be added to the controller while preserving the passivity property. This is applied particularly to resonant parts. The design method is finally applied to converters with an LCL input filter, where it is shown in many cases to compare favourably with a scheme where an inner loop is added for improved damping of the LCL resonance. - Author(s): S.-C. Tan and Y.M. Lai
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 466 –477
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070369
- Type: Article
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p.
466
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(12)
A constant-frequency reduced-state sliding mode current controller for Ćuk converters requiring a fast dynamical response over a wide range of operating conditions is proposed. The various issues concerning the theoretical derivation and implementation of the proposed controller are discussed. Preliminary verification and evaluation of these controllers are performed through simulation and experiment. It is illustrated that commendable control performances can be achieved with the proposed controller. - Author(s): M.G. Ortiz-Lopez ; J. Leyva-Ramos ; E.E. Carbajal-Gutierrez ; J.A. Morales-Saldaña
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 478 –487
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070379
- Type: Article
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p.
478
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In recent years, the development of new technologies is requiring wider conversion ratios. A possible solution to this problem is to use n-conventional converters connected in cascade; however, a complex control circuitry is required. An alternative solution is to use an n-stage cascade converter with a single active switch. Nonlinear and linear models, using averaged model techniques, are given for a class of positive output cascade buck and boost converters. These converters use a single active switch. It is shown that the proposed linear models are globally asymptotically stable for any number of stages. The continuous-mode conditions are given with the corresponding design values for the voltage ripples of the capacitors and current ripples of the inductors. Therefore the need of having models for a class of DC–DC cascade converters is satisfied. - Author(s): H. Ertl ; T. Wiesinger ; J.W. Kolar
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 488 –496
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070390
- Type: Article
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p.
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DC voltage links of three-phase power converters are frequently equipped with a series connection of two electrolytic capacitors because of high voltage level. For such a configuration, usually resistors have to be arranged in parallel to each capacitor in order to balance the partial voltages. These balancing resistors, however, have to be dimensioned regarding the worst-case scenario of capacitor's leakage currents; such leakage can lead to high permanent dissipative losses that also appear in case of low actual leakage currents. To avoid these losses to a very large extent, a novel low-cost and robust active unit for replacing the passive balancing resistors is introduced. The paper describes the operating principle of the circuit, analyses the fundamental relationships relevant for the balancing characteristic and gives guidelines concerning component selection. Furthermore, simulation results as well as measurements taken from a laboratory prototype are presented. - Author(s): S. Chen ; Y.M. Lai ; S.-C. Tan ; C.K. Tse
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 497 –506
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070006
- Type: Article
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p.
497
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A theoretical study of the analysis and design of the repetitive controller for eliminating harmonics in pulse-width modulation voltage-source inverter systems is presented. A method of analysing the repetitive control (RC) system from the frequency-response viewpoint is introduced. Based on this method, a systematic way of optimising the design of the system is proposed. Specifically, the closed-loop repetitive controller is modified by incorporating with a zero-magnitude-and-phase compensator and a lead-lag compensator, to improve the stability and tracking accuracy of the inverter system. It is shown both theoretically and through experiments that the harmonics in the inverter's output voltage at different load conditions can be effectively eliminated with the inclusion of the repetitive controller. The advantage and validity of applying the RC in inverters are therefore demonstrated. - Author(s): C. Mi ; H. Bai ; C. Wang ; S. Gargies
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 507 –517
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20080004
- Type: Article
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p.
507
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The operation, design and control of an isolated bidirectional DC–DC converter for hybrid electric vehicle energy management applications are discussed. Different operation modes and boundary conditions are distinguished by phase-shift angle and load conditions. The absolute and relative output voltage ripple was derived. The dead-band effect and safe operational area are further investigated. The relations between output power and leakage inductance and switching frequency are also presented. The proposed converter was simulated and a prototype was built and tested. Experiments on the converter's steady state and transient operations validated the design and simulation. - Author(s): P. Dong ; K.W.E. Cheng ; K.W. Kwok ; S.L. Ho ; Y. Lu ; J.M. Yang
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 518 –526
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20060476
- Type: Article
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A singular perturbation technique for modelling and simulation of a class-E DC–DC converter with piezoelectric transformer (PT) is presented. The open-loop characteristics of this converter are analysed. The singular perturbation method and the generalised state-space method are compared to model this DC–DC converter. In addition, a precise model which is based on the exact equations is used as a reference value. The calculation results show that the two proposed models give very good agreement to the precise model. As the singular perturbation model gives simple approach and a decoupling method has been used, it is highly recommended for all the PT models. The method has been examined and analysed in class-E DC–DC converter. - Author(s): T. Sammaljärvi ; F. Lakhdari ; M. Karppanen ; T. Suntio
- Source: IET Power Electronics, Volume 1, Issue 4, p. 527 –536
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-pel:20070366
- Type: Article
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p.
527
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The fourth-order converter known as superboost converter is used in the space power systems because of the continuous input and output currents it provides. Peak-current-mode control is applied to reduce its resonant nature as well as to facilitate the overall system design. The small-signal models of such a converter do not exist in the public domain literature and its dynamical features are not known. The modelling based on consistent and easily applicable technique is introduced. The dynamic characterisation shows that the converter may incorporate both resonant right-half-plane zeros and poles, which effectively limits its usage in terms of usable duty ratio and also makes the control design challenging. The theoretical analysis indicates that the usable duty-ratio range can be extended by selecting the values of the inductors properly. Because of the nature of the inductor-current feedback, the open-loop converter has resonant output features but the input is resonant free. The application of the output-voltage feedback recovers, however, the resonant nature at the input boosting the converter sensitivity to input-filter instability. Experimental evidence is provided to validate the theoretical predictions.
Analysis and design of three-phase rectifier operating in discontinuous conduction mode using high-frequency current injection technique
High efficiency battery charger with a buck zero-current-switching pulse-width-modulated converter
Current-regulated inverters with an output coupled inductor for AC arc welding machines
Frequency-domain passivity-based current controller design
Constant-frequency reduced-state sliding mode current controller for Ćuk converters
Modelling and analysis of switch-mode cascade converters with a single active switch
Active voltage balancing of DC-link electrolytic capacitors
Analysis and design of repetitive controller for harmonic elimination in PWM voltage source inverter systems
Operation, design and control of dual H-bridge-based isolated bidirectional DC–DC converter
Singular perturbation modelling technique and analysis for class-E DC–DC converter using piezoelectric transformer
Modelling and dynamic characterisation of peak-current-mode-controlled superboost converter
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