IET Nanobiotechnology
Volume 9, Issue 3, June 2015
Volumes & issues:
Volume 9, Issue 3
June 2015
-
- Author(s): Maliheh Akhtari and Darrel Nicholas
- Source: IET Nanobiotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 3, p. 103 –106
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0001
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
103
–106
(4)
The aim of this research was to test the hypothesis that the combination of profiling, treatment and a surface coating with nanoparticles will be effective at reducing checking in deck boards exposed to the weather. In this study southern pine (Pinus sp.) deck boards were machined to flat (control) and ribbed surface profiles. The specimens were treated with aqueous copper amine azole (CA-C) using a vacuum/pressure method and coated with nano-ZnO and micronised TiO2. Boards were exposed to accelerated weathering for 576 h. The number, length and width of checks that developed in the boards were quantified and the average amounts of cupping, twist and bowing occurring in the weathered wood were examined. The results of the statistical analysis showed that all of the coated ribbed decking samples had lower average check numbers, lengths and widths compared to the end-matched flat untreated specimens. Checks were also shorter and narrower in the profiled southern pine deck board than in the unprofiled specimens. Furthermore, the lowest amount of cupping, twist and bowing were observed for specimens profiled and coated with the TiO2. Therefore, the authors conclude that the coated ribbed decks looked significantly better than the flat decking.
- Author(s): Manisha Bawskar ; Shivaji Deshmukh ; Sunita Bansod ; Aniket Gade ; Mahendra Rai
- Source: IET Nanobiotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 3, p. 107 –113
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0032
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
107
–113
(7)
The present study reports the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using both biological and chemical routes to find out the best method for control of their size and activity. The fungal agent (Fusarium oxysporum) and the plant (Azadirachta indica) were found to be the best source for AgNPs synthesis. Both biosynthesis and chemosynthesis were achieved by challenging filtrate with AgNO3 (1 mM) solution. The synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (LM20), zeta potential measurement and transmission electron microscopy. The biologically synthesised nanoparticles were spherical, polydispersed and in the range of 10–40 nm, while chemically synthesised nanoparticles were highly monodispersed with a size of 5 nm. The antimicrobial assay against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus proved biogenic AgNPs to be more potent antibacterial agents than chemically synthesised AgNPs. The possible antibacterial mechanism of AgNPs has also been discussed. Biogenic AgNPs have shown more activity because of the protein capping and their mode of entry into the bacterial cell. These findings may encourage the use of biosynthesis over the chemosynthesis method.
- Author(s): Xin-Yuan Sun ; Jun-Fa Xue ; Zhi-Yue Xia ; Jian-Ming Ouyang
- Source: IET Nanobiotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 3, p. 114 –121
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0017
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
114
–121
(8)
This study aimed to analyse the components of nanocrystallites in urines of patients with uric acid (UA) stones. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), fast Fourier transformation (FFT) of HRTEM, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed to analyse the components of these nanocrystallites. XRD and FFT showed that the main component of urinary nanocrystallites was UA, which contains a small amount of calcium oxalate monohydrate and phosphates. EDS showed the characteristic absorption peaks of C, O, Ca and P. The formation of UA stones was closely related to a large number of UA nanocrystallites in urine. A combination of HRTEM, FFT, EDS and XRD analyses could be performed accurately to analyse the components of urinary nanocrystallites.
Effect of machined profile, zinc oxide and titanium dioxide particles on checking southern pine deck boards during weathering
Comparative analysis of biosynthesised and chemosynthesised silver nanoparticles with special reference to their antibacterial activity against pathogens
Component analyses of urinary nanocrystallites of uric acid stone formers by combination of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, fast Fourier transformation, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy
-
- Author(s): Anusha Subramony Iyer and Kolin Paul
- Source: IET Nanobiotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 3, p. 122 –135
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0020
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
122
–135
(14)
Self-assembly (SA) is the preferred growth mechanism in the natural world, on scales ranging from the molecular to the macro-scale. It involves the assembling of components, which governed by a set of local interaction rules, lead to the formation of a global minimum energy structure. In this survey, the authors explore the extensive research conducted to exploit SA in three domains; first, as a bottom-up approach to fabricate semiconductor heterostructures and nano-scale devices composed of carbon nanotubes and nanowires; second, for meso-scale assembly to build systems such as three-dimensional electrical networks and microelectromechanical systems by utilising capillary force, external magnetic field and so on as the binding force; and third, as an emerging means to achieve computing via tiling, biomolecular automata and logic gates. DNA, in particular, has been a molecule of choice because of its easy availability, biological importance and high programmability as a result of its highly specific component bases.
Self-assembly: a review of scope and applications
-
- Author(s): Muhammad Nadeem ; Munir Ahmad ; M.A. Saeed ; Amiruddin Shaari ; Saira Riaz ; Shahzad Naseem ; Khalid Rashid
- Source: IET Nanobiotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 3, p. 136 –141
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0012
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
136
–141
(6)
Nanoparticles as solid colloidal particles are extensively studied and used as anticancer drug delivery agents because of their physical properties. This current research aims to prepare water base suspension of uncoated iron oxide nanoparticles and their biodistribution study to different organs, especially the brain, by using a single photon emission computed tomography gamma camera. The water-based suspension of iron oxide nanoparticles was synthesised by a reformed version of the co-precipitation method and labelled with Tc99m for intravenous injection. The nanoparticles were injected without surface modification. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) techniques were used for characterisation. Peaks of XRD and EDS indicate that the particles are magnetite and exist in aqueous suspension. The average diameter of iron oxide nanoparticles without any surface coating determined by TEM is 10 nm. These particles are capable of evading the reticuloendothelial system and can cross the blood-brain barrier in the rabbit. The labelling efficiency of iron oxide nanoparticles labelled with Tc99m is 85%, which is good for the biodistribution study. The sufficient amount of iron oxide nanoparticles concentration in the brain as compared with the surrounding soft tissues and their long blood retention time indicates that the water-based suspension of iron oxide nanoparticles may be an option for drug delivery into the brain.
- Author(s): Avnesh Kumari ; Anika Guliani ; Rubbel Singla ; Ramdhan Yadav ; Sudesh Kumar Yadav
- Source: IET Nanobiotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 3, p. 142 –152
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0021
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
142
–152
(11)
In this study, three plants Populus alba, Hibiscus arboreus and Lantana camara were explored for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs). The effect of reaction temperature and leaf extract (LE) concentration of P. alba, H. arboreus and L. camara was evaluated on the synthesis and size of SNPs. The SNPs were characterised by ultra-violet–visible spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The synthesis rate of SNPs was highest with LE of L. camara followed by H. arboreus and P. alba under similar conditions. L. camara LE showed maximum potential of smaller size SNPs synthesis, whereas bigger particles were formed by H. arboreous LE. The size and shape of L. camara LE synthesised SNPs were analysed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). TEM analysis revealed the formation of SNPs of average size 17 ± 9.5 nm with 5% LE of L. camara. The SNPs synthesised by LE of L. camara showed strong antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli. The results document that desired size SNPs can be synthesised using these plant LEs at a particular temperature for applications in the biomedical field.
- Author(s): Sam Kassegne ; Denni Wibowo ; James Chi ; Varsha Ramesh ; Alaleh Narenji ; Ajit Khosla ; John Mokili
- Source: IET Nanobiotechnology, Volume 9, Issue 3, p. 153 –163
- DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2014.0044
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
153
–163
(11)
In this study, AC characterisation of DNA molecular wires, effects of frequency, temperature and UV irradiation on their conductivity is presented. λ-DNA molecular wires suspended between high aspect-ratio electrodes exhibit highly frequency-dependent conductivity that approaches metal-like behaviour at high frequencies (∼MHz). Detailed temperature dependence experiments were performed that traced the impedance response of λ-DNA until its denaturation. UV irradiation experiments where conductivity was lost at higher and longer UV exposures helped to establish that it is indeed λ-DNA molecular wires that generate conductivity. The subsequent renaturation of λ-DNA resulted in the recovery of current conduction, providing yet another proof of the conducting DNA molecular wire bridge. The temperature results also revealed hysteretic and bi-modal impedance responses that could make DNA a candidate for nanoelectronics components like thermal transistors and switches. Further, these experiments shed light on the charge transfer mechanism in DNA. At higher temperatures, the expected increase in thermal-induced charge hopping may account for the decrease in impedance supporting the ‘charge hopping mechanism’ theory. UV light, on the other hand, causes damage to GC base-pairs and phosphate groups reducing the path available both for hopping and short-range tunneling mechanisms, and hence increasing impedance – this again supporting both the ‘charge hopping’ and ‘tunneling’ mechanism theories.
Uptake and clearance analysis of Technetium99m labelled iron oxide nanoparticles in a rabbit brain
Silver nanoparticles synthesised using plant extracts show strong antibacterial activity
AC electrical characterisation and insight to charge transfer mechanisms in DNA molecular wires through temperature and UV effects
Most viewed content
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles from Streptomyces atrovirens and their potential anticancer activity against human breast cancer cells
- Author(s): Ramasamy Subbaiya ; Muthupandian Saravanan ; Andavar Raja Priya ; Konathala Ravi Shankar ; Masilamani Selvam ; Muhammad Ovais ; Ramachandran Balajee ; Hamed Barabadi
- Type: Article
-
Medicinal plants mediated the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their biomedical applications
- Author(s): Haajira Beevi Habeeb Rahuman ; Ranjithkumar Dhandapani ; Santhoshini Narayanan ; Velmurugan Palanivel ; Ragul Paramasivam ; Ramalakshmi Subbarayalu ; Sathiamoorthi Thangavelu ; Saravanan Muthupandian
- Type: Article
-
Copper/copper oxide nanoparticles synthesis using Stachys lavandulifolia and its antibacterial activity
- Author(s): Mehrdad Khatami ; Hossein Heli ; Peyman Mohammadzadeh Jahani ; Hakim Azizi ; Marcos Augusto Lima Nobre
- Type: Article
-
Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles for selective toxicity towards cancer cells
- Author(s): Kasivelu Govindaraju ; Karthikeyan Krishnamoorthy ; Suliman A. Alsagaby ; Ganesan Singaravelu ; Mariappan Premanathan
- Type: Article
-
Nanobiotechnology and its applications in drug delivery system: a review
- Author(s): Imran Khan ; Momin Khan ; Muhammad Naveed Umar ; Deog-Hwan Oh
- Type: Article