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Online ISSN 1751-9578 Print ISSN 1751-956X

IET Intelligent Transport Systems

Volume 1, Issue 3, September 2007

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Volume 1, Issue 3

September 2007

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    • Questionnaire surveys to evaluate user response to variable message signs in an urban network
      • Author(s): A. Richards  and  M. McDonald
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 3, p. 177 –185
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060046
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 177 –185 (9)
        The use of variable message signs (VMS) to provide traffic information is widespread, but success depends upon behavioural response to the sign messages. The research described here focuses on user acceptance of VMS located in an urban road network (Southampton, UK), and investigates the public's perceived effectiveness and usefulness of these signs through the use of revealed preference questionnaire surveys and travel diaries. Three hundred and sixty-five commuters regularly driving into Southampton from the outskirts of the city completed a travel diary for a 5-day period as well as a general questionnaire, and 660 infrequent travellers to Southampton completed the general questionnaire. The study showed that it is difficult to capture a meaningful sample size of respondents passing an ‘active’ VMS in a real-life incident scenario. Less than 1% of the commuter sample stated that they had diverted to an alternative route during the travel diary week as a result of VMS information, although this did correspond to 53% of those 45 drivers originally intending to travel past the incident location. The results showed that the VMS messages were well-understood and legible, and also indicated that a default VMS message reporting no problems in the network can indirectly affect a driver's route choice.
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      Adaptive policy approach to implementing intelligent speed adaptation
      • Author(s): D.B. Agusdinata ; V.A.W.J. Marchau ; W.E. Walker
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 3, p. 186 –198
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060037
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 186 –198 (13)
        Intelligent speed adaptation (ISA) has the potential to improve road traffic safety significantly. Large-scale implementation of ISA, however, is hampered by large uncertainties, such as the level of compliance (LC), reliability of the technology, unexpected costs and so on. We suggest an adaptive policymaking approach for implementing ISA. We propose five steps: (1) specify the policy problem, (2) assemble a basic policy, (3) specify the rest of the policy, (4) learn from real world experience with the basic policy and (5) adjust the implemented policy. We demonstrate, as a proof of concept, how to design a basic ISA policy and how to gain knowledge over time about the behaviour of the system in order to resolve some of the uncertainties and improve the policy. By monitoring the percentage of speeding drivers to detect changes in the LC, the policy can be adapted to unfolding events. Hence, by using the adaptive approach, policymakers can proceed with implementing ISA despite the large uncertainties.
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      Do eye movements reflect driving manoeuvres?
      • Author(s): F. Lethaus  and  J. Rataj
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 3, p. 199 –204
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060058
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 199 –204 (6)
        The goal of driver-assistant systems is to monitor the driver's decision-making and intervene where deemed necessary. In order to appropriately support the driver's subsequent driving manoeuvres, knowledge of the driver's intentions is required. Eye movements have been found to be an indicator of information gathering and therefore could be used to derive information about the driver's next planned objective. Here, the aim was to establish whether characteristic eye movement patterns precede particular driving manoeuvres. To this end, drivers' gaze behaviour has been analysed prior to the execution of different driving manoeuvres performed in real traffic using the DLR ViewCar. It was found that distinct gaze patterns preceded each of the driving manoeuvres analysed.
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      Provision of in-vehicle speed limit information
      • Author(s): K. Wevers  and  M. Lu
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 3, p. 205 –214
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060041
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 205 –214 (10)
        There is a substantial agreement that in-vehicle speed assistance (or speed alert) systems can significantly contribute to road traffic safety. An important prerequisite for such systems is the availability of up-to-date and reliable information on static, temporary and dynamic speed limits in the vehicle. A classification of speed limits is presented, the data provision chains for the mentioned speed limit categories from source to end-user are addressed, and issues that need to be solved for future large-scale implementation of speed assistance systems are identified.
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      Quantitative testing of a frontal collision warning system for transit buses
      • Author(s): X.-Y. Lu ; S.E. Shladover ; W.-B. Zhang
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 3, p. 215 –223
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060043
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 215 –223 (9)
        The effectiveness of a frontal collision warning system (FCWS) depends on the ability of its sensors and software to distinguish threatening driving scenarios and to provide the driver with a warning that leads to a safe (collision avoidance) response. A program of testing that focused on determining the capabilities (and limitations) of the FCWS sensors and signal processing is reported, so that the warning system could be designed to make best use of the capabilities and minimise the impacts of the limitations. The tests were conducted carefully under controlled conditions, using target vehicles and obstacles set up to represent typical hazards encountered in urban and suburban transit bus driving. The movements of the subject vehicle (the bus equipped with the FCWS) and the targets were measured independently for comparison with the measurements obtained from the FCWS sensors so that the sources of errors and delays could be determined. The results of the testing indicated that the longitudinal measurements of target locations were generally good, but even relatively small errors in the lateral position measurements were enough to cause problems with false-positive and -negative alerts. The signal-processing delays of approximately 1 s introduced excessive delays in the generation of alerts to the driver. Fusion of the existing sensor data with additional sensors is recommended for future enhancements to overcome these limitations.
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