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Online ISSN 1751-9578 Print ISSN 1751-956X

IET Intelligent Transport Systems

Volume 1, Issue 1, March 2007

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Volume 1, Issue 1

March 2007

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Editorial: Intelligent Transport Systems, Services, Solutions, Society…

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    • Application of grey relational analysis for evaluating road traffic safety measures: advanced driver assistance systems against infrastructure redesign
      • Author(s): M. Lu  and  K. Wevers
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 3 –14
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060022
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 3 –14 (12)
        Two of the main approaches to improve traffic safety are extensive redesign of the physical road infrastructure and large-scale implementation of advanced driver assistance systems. These approaches are to a large extent substitutes, but also partly complementary. Evaluation of alternative strategic investments in either of the two, and combinations, is complicated by limitations in availability, reliability and accuracy of data. Some of the evaluation methods most commonly used in transportation research are reviewed, and a method that is rather unknown in the western world and that is especially capable of dealing with part of these limitations is introduced. Grey relational analysis (GRA) – a normalisation-based method – provides a simple and transparent evaluation procedure from which a clear-cut ranking order of strategies derives. The application of ̇GRA to the stated evaluation problem is illustrated with a case study in The Netherlands.
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      Deriving origin–destination data from a mobile phone network
      • Author(s): N. Caceres ; J.P. Wideberg ; F.G. Benitez
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 15 –26
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060020
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 15 –26 (12)
        Acquiring high-quality origin–destination (OD) information for traffic in a geographic area is both time consuming and expensive while using conventional methods such as household surveys or roadside monitoring. These methods generally present only a snapshot of traffic situation at a certain point in time, and they are updated in time intervals of up to several years. A technique was developed that makes use of the global system for mobile communications (GSM) mobile phone network. Instead of monitoring the flow of vehicles in a transportation network, the flow of mobile phones in a cell-phone network is measured and correlated to traffic flow. This methodology is based on the fact that a mobile phone moving on a specific route always tends to change the base station nearly at the same position. For a first pilot study, a GSM network simulator has been designed, where network data can be simulated, which is then extracted from the phone network, correlated, processed mathematically and converted into an OD matrix. Primary results show that the method has great potential, and the results inferred are much more cost-effective than those generated with traditional techniques. This is due to the fact that no change has to be made in the GSM network, because the information that is needed can readily be extracted from the base station database, that is the entire infrastructure needed is already in place.
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      Multimodal user interface for traffic incident management in control room
      • Author(s): E.H.C. Choi ; R. Taib ; Y. Shi ; F. Chen
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 27 –36
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060038
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 27 –36 (10)
        Efficient road traffic incident management (TIM) in metropolitan areas is crucial for the smooth traffic flow and the mobility and safety of community. TIM requires fast and accurate collection and retrieval of critical data, such as incident conditions and contact information for the intervention crew, public safety organisations and other resources. Access to critical data by traffic control operators can be facilitated through various human–computer interfaces. The judicious introduction of a multimodal interaction paradigm to the user interfaces (UIs) for incident handling in a metropolitan transport management centre is discussed. Two research prototypes supporting speech and gestural interactions have been developed on the basis of the User Centred Design methodology, and their evaluations have been conducted through user studies. The user studies on the prototypes suggest that multimodal UIs (MMUIs) can provide traffic control operators with intuitive, cognitively efficient ways to record traffic incident conditions, facilitate fast retrieval of contact details, and support time-critical incident handling. The research prototypes described herein represent some initial steps for the longer-term deployment of advanced MMUI systems for emergency management.
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      Introducing an innovative and efficient seat user interface for professional drivers
      • Author(s): A. Amditis ; I. Karaseitanidis ; E. Bekiaris ; S. Sartor ; J. Ronnefahrt ; M. Dangelmaier
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 37 –46
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20060010
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 37 –46 (10)
        Prolonged driving is now recognised as one of the main contributing factors to a number of health issues related to professional drivers. Back pain and musculoskeletal disorders are the most frequent symptoms and would seem to be directly related to the driving conditions and, in particular, the seating system. SAFEGUARD, a European co-funded research project, has developed two prototype seating systems, one customised for a truck and the other for a tractor, with the intention of addressing these problems by the implementation of sensors and actuators that are suited for increasing safety and comfort while driving. The diversity of the options provided by the prototype systems, their complexity and requirement to be used properly has necessitated the development of an advanced user interface (UI). The UI prerequisites are for the efficient handling of the varied seat features, a non-obstructive character for the interface and a natural integration of the operational input/output elements in the cabin interior.
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      Inter-vehicle mobile ad hoc network for road transport systems
      • Author(s): B.S. Sharif ; P.T. Blythe ; S.M. Almajnooni ; C.C. Tsimenidis
      • Source: IET Intelligent Transport Systems, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 47 –56
      • DOI:  10.1049/iet-its:20070001
      • Type: Article
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      • p. 47 –56 (10)
        Access to information services while on the move is becoming increasingly prevalent within transport systems. Whereas Internet access is now common place in trains, it still remains a challenge for vehicles, particularly when travelling through high speed motorways. Motorway vehicles equipped with wireless communication nodes form an ad hoc network have been examined by which data can be exchanged among them without the need for a pre-installed infrastructure. The main challenge with such an infrastructure-less network is developing communications and protocols that can deliver robust and reliable ad hoc communications between vehicles, when the relative speed between vehicles that can be extremely high under opposite traffic conditions. To address this opposite direction effect, a solution has been presened by minimising the effect of opposite traffic on routing packets. Firstly, a router direction index is introduced to enhance the performance of ad hoc on demand distance vector protocol in updating its routing table and secondly, a new queue priority mechanism is proposed which is based on cross-layer collaboration. Simulations were performed for an ad hoc network consisting of 200 vehicles driving with speeds between 90 and 120 km/h on a two-way motorway for different traffic loads sent through a Gateway adjacent to the motorway. The results obtained demonstrate a performance increase in the average data goodput and less routing overhead for the proposed solution.
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