Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 9, Issue 21, 18 October 1973
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Volume 9, Issue 21
18 October 1973
Transducer and multistrip-coupler performance for leaky surface waves on lithium niobate
- Author(s): C.O. Newton
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 481 –482
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730354
- Type: Article
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p.
481
–482
(2)
Measurements are reported of the properties of leaky surface waves propagating on 41° and 64° rotated cuts of LiNbO3 both on the free surface and under metal. Transducer and multistrip-coupler performance are consistent with piezo electric-coupling constants of 18° and 12%, respectively. Insertion-loss and spurious-signal-level results show that the interdigital transducer with few finger pairs is better matched to a metallised propagation path than to a free surface path for leaky waves.
High-purity glasses for optical-fibre communication
- Author(s): C.E.E. Stewart ; D. Tyldesley ; B. Scott ; H. Rawson ; G.R. Newns
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 482 –483
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730355
- Type: Article
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p.
482
–483
(2)
High-purity soda-lime-silicate glasses have been prepared by coupling power radio frequencies directly into the glass, held in a ‘cold’ silica crucible. Optical losses were measured at 1.06 μm, and the glasses were analysed for transition-metal impurities. The loss results approach the target of 20 dB/km required for a Commercial optical-communication system.
Tracking sensitivity with peripheral-horn autotrack
- Author(s): P.J. Wood
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 484 –485
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730356
- Type: Article
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p.
484
–485
(2)
A simple method for accurately predicting the tracking sensitivity of a Cassegrain antenna having four peripheral horns grouped around a central ‘communication’ feed is described. The technique utilises an analysis based on circular symmetry, similar to that ordinarily used to predict the antenna communication performance.
Rectangular universal iterative array
- Author(s): M. Davio and J.J. Quisquarter
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 485 –486
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730357
- Type: Article
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p.
485
–486
(2)
A rectangular universal iterative array consisting of cells having three inputs and one output is described. This array achieves the best known rate of increase in area.
Transient analysis of waveguides with curved boundaries
- Author(s): P.B. Johns and G.F. Slater
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 486 –487
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730358
- Type: Article
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p.
486
–487
(2)
The transmission-line-matrix method of numerical analysis is modified to allow boundary points to fall anywhere between nodes on the mesh. Results are obtained for circular and elliptical waveguide cross-sections on a cartesian mesh.
High-precision measurement of 2e/hthat uses cryogenic electronic components
- Author(s): J.C. Gallop and B.W. Petley
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 488 –489
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730359
- Type: Article
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p.
488
–489
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A new determination of 2e/h is described, in which not only the Josephson junction but also the current-null detector and 100:1 ratio voltage divider are operated at 4.2 K. The results obtained with this new system are compared with previous data obtained with room-temperature components, and the agreement is found to be 0.02 (±0.05) parts in 106.
Evaluation of data reconstruction using Walsh functions
- Author(s): P.R. Risch and T.A. Brubaker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 489 –490
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730360
- Type: Article
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p.
489
–490
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The reconstruction of a finite-length record taken from a band-limited stochastic process is described. An integral mean-square-error criterion is used to compare the reconstruction using Walsh functions, a zero-order hold, and the sampling function (sin x)/x.
Avalanche-diode amplifier-upconvertor
- Author(s): M.J. Ahmed
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 490 –491
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730361
- Type: Article
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p.
490
–491
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An avalanche-diode reflection amplifier has been made to operate as an upconvertor. This was done by superimposing the if, on the d.c. bias, and concurrently feeding the local oscillator (l.o.) to the amplifier. The output power in the sideband of the upconverted signal appears to be a function of bias current, i.f, signal and l.o. power.
ZnS sputtered photocells
- Author(s): H. Murray
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 491 –493
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730362
- Type: Article
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p.
491
–493
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Variations in the photovoltage and photocurrent of thin sputtered films of ZnS, sandwiched between sputtered Al electrodes and a thin transparent Au counterelectrode, have been studied as functions of the wavelength of the incident light. Reversal phenomena give evidence for the existence of two opposite photoeffects in these structures: an intrinsic effect across thc bandgap and an extrinsic effect depending on the nature of electrodes. Measurements were performed with a u.v.-photoeffect signal/noise ratio of more than 100 and a threshold discrepancy of less than 2%.
Predictive algorithms for some elementary functions in radix 2
- Author(s): P.W. Baker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 493 –494
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730363
- Type: Article
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p.
493
–494
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A scheme for speeding up iterative algorithms for generating reciprocals, logarithms and exponentials that are based on multiplication by (1 + Ek 2−k is proposed. The scheme relies on the prediction of the EkS, thereby allowing most of the additions to be of the fast-carry type.
Computer correction of a microwave network analyzer without accurate frequency measurement
- Author(s): J.W. Gould and G.M. Rhodes
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 494 –495
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730364
- Type: Article
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p.
494
–495
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A method of calibration is described that uses three devices at a common reference plane, eliminating the requirement for accurate frequency measurement. The theoretical approach is supplemented with practical results and a discussion of the sources of error.
Comparison of surface-wave reflection coefficients for different metals on quartz
- Author(s): R. Larosa ; C.F. Vasile ; D.V. Zagardo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 495 –496
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730365
- Type: Article
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p.
495
–496
(2)
Measurements show that copper electrodes present less mismatch than aluminum electrodes to surface waves propagating on ST-X quartz.
Secant algorithm applied to the solution for the steady-state condition in nonlinear-circuit analysis
- Author(s): J.D. Patterson and R.H. Moore
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, page: 496 –496
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730366
- Type: Article
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p.
496
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The use of the secant algorithm in the solution for the steady-state response of nonlinear circuits is described.
Correlator performance and the squared coherency
- Author(s): R.F. Webber and W.H. Delashmit
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 496 –497
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730367
- Type: Article
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p.
496
–497
(2)
Theoretical results are presented to show that the squared coherency provides bounds on two figures of merit that are associated with the performance of an analogue corrclator that processes Gaussian random signals. Application to map matching and signal detection is indicated.
Increase in surface-acoustic-wave velocity produced by ion implantation in quartz
- Author(s): P. Hartemann and MME.M. Morizot
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 497 –498
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730368
- Type: Article
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p.
497
–498
(2)
An increase in the surface-acoustic-wave velocity, arising from surface-state modification, is reported for the first time. It was obtained by a 100 keV ion implantation on quartz substrates tested at a frequency of 180 MHz. 1H+, 4He+7Li+9Be+, 11B+ and 40A+ ions have been used. The flux is about 1016 ions/cm2 and the surface waves propagate faster on the implanted surface than on the unimplanted part, because a crystalline-to-amorphous transition is created by ion implantation. The greatest relative-velocity increase is measured using Li+ and He+ ion bombardment, and was found to be equal to 1.1% at 180 MHz. The insertion losses of the delay lines are not significantly changed by the implantation. A 1000 Å step height has been measured at the boundary of the implanted surface, as a consequence of the increase in volume of the implanted part.
Invariant-sinusoid approximation method for recursive digital filters
- Author(s): A. Antoniou and C. Shekher
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 498 –500
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730369
- Type: Article
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p.
498
–500
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An approximation method for recursive digital filters is described. Given an analogue filter, a corresponding digital filter can be derived such that an invariant sinusoidal response is maintained. The method is shown to preserve the phase response of the analogue filter, and is thus suitable for the design of linear-phase digital filters.
Adaptive logic circuits for digital stochastic computers
- Author(s): A.J. Miller ; A.W. Brown ; P. Mars
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 500 –502
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730370
- Type: Article
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p.
500
–502
(3)
A theoretical and experimental investigation of adaptive logic elements suitable for use as an output interface for digital stochastic computers is presented. An adaptive digital element using a binary rate multiplier is demonstrated to provide a significant improvement in accuracy without reduction in bandwidth characteristics.
Pole sensitivity of a digital filter with multishift sequences in each sampling interval
- Author(s): K.M. Wong and R.A. King
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 502 –504
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730371
- Type: Article
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p.
502
–504
(3)
The pole sensitivity of a digital filter with multishift sequences in each sampling interval is investigated. A criterion is established to compare the pole sensitivity of a multirate filter with that of a single-rate filter, and the area for less-sensitive poles is plotted.
Fast algorithm for finding a forest of a linear graph
- Author(s): Antonije D. Jovanovich and Srdjan N. Chobeljich
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 504 –505
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730372
- Type: Article
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p.
504
–505
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A new algorithm is described for finding a tree of a connected, or a forest of an unconnected, linear graph. The algorithm is found to be the fastest of known algorithms having the same minimal storage requirements. A short comparison of the algorithm with some other algorithms is included.
Comparative performance of equal-valued-capacitor active RC structures
- Author(s): F.W. Stephenson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 505 –507
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730373
- Type: Article
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p.
505
–507
(3)
Equal-valued-capacitor networks proposed by Dutta Roy are shown to have the same design equations. Comparison with the original Huelsman structure (and with a new modification) for a number of response functions indicates that the 3-amplifier arrangement is the least sensitive, and also the most suitable for realisation in microelectronic form.
Cheby̅shev approximation of arbitrary frequency response for nonrecursive digital filters with linear phase
- Author(s): F. Braun ; A. Kinzl ; H. Rothenbühler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 507 –509
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730374
- Type: Article
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p.
507
–509
(3)
An efficient procedure for the design of nonrecursive digital filters with even and odd symmetry for the impulse response is presented. The algorithm that has been prograrmned obtains the mjnjmax (Cheby̅shev) approximation for continuous frequency responses prescribed on several separate intervals. Examples of designed filters are added.
Frequency multiplier for square waves
- Author(s): N. Satyanarayana
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 509 –510
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730375
- Type: Article
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p.
509
–510
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A Circuit for multiplying the frequency of square waves is reported. It uses a linear voltage-controlled astable multi-vibrator with feedback loops for maintaining the frequency multiplication ratio and the output mark/space ratio independent of variations in component values or device parameters.
Some errors in the calculation of the radiation patterns of reflector antennas, using Kirchhoff integration
- Author(s): J. Dijk and E.J. Maanders
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 9, Issue 21, p. 510 –512
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19730376
- Type: Article
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p.
510
–512
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It is demonstrated that calculation of the antenna patterns of reflector antennas, by means of Kirchhoff integration, leads to unreliable far sidelobes, if theoretical truncated feed patterns are used. The integrated radiation pattern does not yield 4π, but a greater value; the calculated noise temperature is therefore too high. Integration of calculated radiation patterns over 4π steradians is recommended to control the results.
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