Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 5, Issue 4, 20 February 1969
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Volume 5, Issue 4
20 February 1969
Carbon-dioxide laser with high power per unit length
- Author(s): A. Crocker and M.S. Wills
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 63 –64
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690043
- Type: Article
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p.
63
–64
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A CO2-N2-He laser is described in which the discharge plasma was excited in the volume between two coaxial silica tubes by means of a radial r.f. field. Additional power was fed into the plasma by a longitudinal d.c. field applied to internal electrodes. With an outer tube 46.5 mm in diameter and 1.2m long, an output power of 250W was obtained at 12% efficiency.
Reflection from subrefractive layers
- Author(s): J.R. Wait
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 64 –65
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690044
- Type: Article
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p.
64
–65
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Total reflection of electromagnetic waves from an inhomogeneous region is considered. The transition region has a linearly varying relative permittivity. The phase shift on reflection is π/2 + Φ radians, where Φ is a correction given graphically in the letter.
Attenuation coefficient of dielectric-lined coaxial cables
- Author(s): B. Chambers and M.M.Z. Kharadly
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 65 –67
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690045
- Type: Article
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p.
65
–67
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Recent experimental results for the attenuation coefficient of dielectric-lined coaxial cables have been analysed in terms of a dominant TM01 surface-wave mode. It is shown that there is no conclusive evidence of a possible reduction in the attenuation coefficient below that of the unlined cable.
Application of the sampling theorem to a multislit coupling structure of a confocal-mirror resonator
- Author(s): E. Yamashita ; R. Mittra ; T. Itoh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 67 –68
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690046
- Type: Article
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67
–68
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A coupling method of a confocal-mirror resonator is described in which a multislit structure on a mirror is partially transmitting energy. The sampling theorem is applied to this structure to determine the slit interval so as to minimise the deformation of a resonant-field distribution.
Experiments on a two-wire line resonator supporting the hybrid tem-dual surface wave
- Author(s): H.M. Barlow and Mira Sen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 68 –69
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690047
- Type: Article
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p.
68
–69
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When one of the two wires, forming a resonant transmission line short-circuited at both ends, is coated with polythene, the losses are observed to fall, and the general behaviour appears to be very similar to that of the equivalent coaxial-cable arrangement.
Optimum accelerating factor for s.o.r. solutions of domains containing ∂φ/∂n = 0 boundary conditions
- Author(s): G.A. Armstrong ; J.A. Magowan ; W.D. Ryan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 69 –71
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690048
- Type: Article
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p.
69
–71
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The letter describes a simple and useful extension of existing theory on the determination of optimum accelerating factor for successive over-relaxation applied to solutions of Laplace's and Poisson's equations. In particular, domains where the condition ∂φ/∂n = 0 is applied along part of the boundary contour are considered. The boundary along which this condition is applied need not be linear.
Linear uniform codes
- Author(s): S.M. Reddy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 71 –72
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690049
- Type: Article
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Linear uniform codes are linear codes with minimum distance equal to average distance, and hence are optimum from minimum-distance point of view. A unified approach to block and convolutional codes is taken, leading to a simpler encoder for convolutional uniform codes.
Special class of symmetric Boolean functions
- Author(s): N.N. Biswas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, page: 72 –72
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690050
- Type: Article
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72
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The letter reports a special class of totally symmetric functions which remain invariant for all combinations of true and complemented variables of symmetry. The class forms a subset of the set of all ‘unity-ratio’ totally symmetric Boolean functions.
Metal-glass contacts in high electric fields
- Author(s): K.J. McLean
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 72 –73
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690051
- Type: Article
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p.
72
–73
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In the presence of high electric fields, the region adjacent to a metallic anode of an ionic conducting glass quickly becomes depleted of mobile ionic carriers. At the cathode, however, electrons are injected into the glass from the metal electrode and cause the effective conductivity of this region to increase.
Decoupling and determination of the inverse for time-varying multivariable systems
- Author(s): E. Freund
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 73 –75
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690052
- Type: Article
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p.
73
–75
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Decoupling by state-variable feedback and forming of the inverse has been done for multivariable systems with constant coefficients. In this letter, the theory is extended to linear time-varying systems. For this, general conditions are formulated when a time-varying multivariable systems can be decoupled. Further, the matrices are given for the decoupling. The inverse of a linear time-varying multivariable systems is also determined.
H.F. ionospheric radar ground-scatter map showing land-sea boundaries by a spectral-separation technique
- Author(s): J.C. Blair ; L.L. Melanson ; L.H. Tveten
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 75 –76
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690053
- Type: Article
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p.
75
–76
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Ionospherically propagated h.f. radio waves that have been backscattered from the sea can often be distinguished from those backscattered from land because of their different Doppler spectra. This characteristic has been exploited to generate an ionospheric radar map of the south-east United States from Boulder, Colo., by gating out the sea-scatter Doppler components. The agreement between the observed and actual land-sea boundaries is good.
Electromagnetic field of an infinite helical sheath
- Author(s): E. Borchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 76 –77
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690054
- Type: Article
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p.
76
–77
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The relevant fields of an infinite helical sheath, produced by a current distribution on the helical surface, are obtained for the case in which the internal medium is different from the external one.
Step response of a transmission line including losses
- Author(s): R.C.V. Macario
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 77 –78
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690055
- Type: Article
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p.
77
–78
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A simple analytic solution for the voltage waveform arriving at the end of a transmission line which has an attenuation proportional to frequency is derived. The time taken for the output voltage to reach 90% of its nominal amplitude is a direct function of the attenuation factor. Extension of the solution to other cases is mentioned.
Nonlinearity of Hall voltage
- Author(s): D. Schieber and M.S. Erlicki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 78 –79
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690056
- Type: Article
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p.
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–79
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The letter studies the Hall voltage induced in a plasma by an external magnetic field. A nonlinear VH against B dependence is obtained in a simpler way than previously.
Binary code suitable for line transmission
- Author(s): J.M. Griffiths
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 79 –81
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690057
- Type: Article
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p.
79
–81
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A practical method is described for encoding an unrestricted binary signal into a form suitable for transmission through a binary regenerated signal path while incurring only a small increase in modulation rate.
High-efficiency series operation of Gunn devices
- Author(s): M.C. Steele ; F.P. Califano ; R.D. Larrabee
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 4, p. 81 –82
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690058
- Type: Article
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p.
81
–82
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Successful series operation of two Gunn devices, differing by about 10% in threshold current, has been achieved at X band (8.5–12GHz). The devices were mounted in a resonant cavity and biased to approximately six times the threshold voltage of a single device before both became active. At that point, the output power of the series combination was nearly equal to the sum of the powers observed previously for each device operating alone at its measured bias voltage. For one particular set of diodes, the observed efficiency (for series operation with N/f = 1.3 × 105 s/cm3) was 28.2% at 8.3GHz with 3.4W of peak pulsed power output. This is the highest efficiency ever reported for Gunn devices at such frequencies.
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