Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 5, Issue 15, 24 July 1969
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Volume 5, Issue 15
24 July 1969
Design basis and characteristics of a special frequency-voltage convertor circuit
- Author(s): T.C. Edwards
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 327 –328
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690248
- Type: Article
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p.
327
–328
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The requirements and characteristics of a frequency-voltage converter are established, together with the effect of a separate input variable T. Using the developed expressions, a computer program has been constructed so that accurate output predictions are readily available.
Synthesis using active constant-resistance 3-terminal networks
- Author(s): L.K. Cheung and C.F. Ho
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 328 –330
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690249
- Type: Article
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p.
328
–330
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A method of independent control over the polynomial coefficients of a transfer function is described. It employs 3-terminal constant-resistance networks and a unity-gain voltage amplifier. The constant-resistance building blocks are realised using gyrators and n.i.c.s, in addition to resistors and capacitors.
Means of reducing computing time in the fast-Fourier-transform method
- Author(s): A.G.J. Holt and J. Yates
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 330 –331
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690250
- Type: Article
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p.
330
–331
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A technique is described by which the computing time required for the fast-Fourier-transform algorithm can be reduced at the expense of frequency resolution, with no reduction in accuracy.
Active RC bandpass and highpass network
- Author(s): Y. Bedri and T. Deliyannis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 331 –332
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690251
- Type: Article
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p.
331
–332
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An active RC circuit is described, which can be used as a second-order bandpass or highpass filter. Its sensitivity is independent of the Q factor and very low.
Reflection and transmission at an abrupt change in cross-section of a rectangular waveguide in the E and H plane
- Author(s): W. Braeckelmann and H. Henke
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 332 –333
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690252
- Type: Article
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p.
332
–333
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For a symmetric cross-sectional enlargement of a rectangular waveguide, the reflection and transmission coefficients of the H10 mode are calculated. At low frequencies, they agree well with the values for the H11 mode at an axial-symmetric junction of two circular waveguides. An axial offset of the two rectangular waveguides has a small influence on these coefficients.
Surface-wave matched delay lines for pulse compression
- Author(s): E. Teodori
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, page: 334 –334
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690253
- Type: Article
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p.
334
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A system using dispersive ultrasonic lines for radar signal generation and compression has been tested. Surface waves on quartz are employed. Dispersion does not result from propagation but from nonuniform spacing of taps. Some oscilloscope traces of the correlation output are shown for linear f.m. signals having a time-bandwidth product of 80.
Real dominant zero of a Hurwitz polynomial
- Author(s): M. Uruski
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 334 –335
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690254
- Type: Article
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p.
334
–335
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A method presenting a very close approximation to a real dominant zero of a Hurwitz polynomial is given. The procedure is based on the Ostrowski method for calculating the zero of smallest modulus of a polynomial.
Algorithm for matching 1-dimensional patterns in multidimensional space, with application to automatic speech recognition
- Author(s): J.H. Ellis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 335 –336
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690255
- Type: Article
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p.
335
–336
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An algorithm is described which selects corresponding points on two curves in multidimensional space. This simplifies comparison of two curves which have been derived as functions of an independent parameter (usually time), where this parameter does not vary in the same way along each curve. The problem arises in matching utterances for the purpose of automatic speech recognition.
Precise comparison of resistance and capacitance
- Author(s): Joseph M. Diamond
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 336 –338
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690256
- Type: Article
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p.
336
–338
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It is shown that previous Wien-bridge methods for the comparison of resistance and capacitance may be improved on, in that the effect of certain parasitic impedances may be eliminated.
Conversion of an arbitrary node into a source node in a flow graph
- Author(s): Wai-Kai Chen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 338 –339
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690257
- Type: Article
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p.
338
–339
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A simple procedure which converts an arbitrary node into a source node for both the Coates flow graph and Mason's signal-flow graph is presented. The technique is believed to be simpler than the well known path-inversion process.
Design formulas for active RC filters using operational-amplifier biquad
- Author(s): J. Tow
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 339 –341
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690258
- Type: Article
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p.
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–341
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Complete design formulas for realising any biquadratic voltage transfer function are given. The configuration uses ten or fewer resistors, two capacitors and four single-ended operational amplifiers. The realisation achieves extremely low sensitivity and can readily be used in realising stable high Q factor active filters up to 100kHz.
Electrostatic probe in a flowing continuum plasma
- Author(s): D.L. Thomas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 341 –342
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690259
- Type: Article
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p.
341
–342
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The transient behaviour of the current to a cylindrical probe in a flowing seeded flame plasma, after a large negative voltage is switched on the probe, is measured experimentally. The steady-state current in the flowing system is calculated from the transient behaviour at short times.
Über den Entwurf linearer zeitvariabler Systeme (Design of linear time-variable systems)
- Author(s): E. Freund
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 343 –344
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690260
- Type: Article
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p.
343
–344
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Die Beschreibung eines Elementes durch einen allgemeinen Übertragungsoperator in Verbindung mit den zugehórigen Rechenoperationen (wie Addition, Multiplikation und Inversion) kann als Grundlag für den Entwurf linearer zeit-variabler Systeme dienen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird dieses Problem für Systeme mit einem Eingang und einem Ausgang und für MehrgröBensysteme mit der Darstellung im Zustandsraum behandelt. Das dargestellte Synthesever-fahren ist insbesondere durch geringen Rechenaufwand gekennzeichnet.The description of an element by a general transfer operator in connection with the corresponding elementary operations (like addition, multiplication and inversion) can be considered as the basis for the design of linear time-variable systems. In the letter, this problem is treated for the single-input/single-output and the multivariable cases using the state-space representation. The synthesis method presented here is especially characterised by the very simple calculations involved.
Demodulation of Pal signals with two uncritical delay lines
- Author(s): L. Verhoeven
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 344 –345
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690261
- Type: Article
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p.
344
–345
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A Pal demodulator circuit is described, in which two ultrasonic lines are used instead of one. The achieved profit is a much greater tolerable delay error.
Modified circuit model for the step-recovery diode to include nonzero transition time
- Author(s): P.W.C. Chilvers and K. Foster
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 345 –346
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690262
- Type: Article
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p.
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–346
(2)
A diode model is proposed which enables the effect of the intrinsic transition time to be accounted for in any frequency-domain analysis. The validity of this model is established by mathematically analysing the model as used in a transition-time test set. Practical measurements show that the evaluated model is independent of the method of measurement.
Evaluating the secondary ionisation coefficients in gases using concentric coaxial electrodes
- Author(s): R. Hackam
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 346 –347
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690263
- Type: Article
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p.
346
–347
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In corona tubes, the first Townsend ionisation coefficient α varies with electric field in a dependence law, which in most gases is not known analytically. The generalised secondary ionisation coefficient γ may be evaluated from measurements of the breakdown potential, gas pressure and using tabulated values of the primary ionisation coefficient. An expression containing an integrand, which cannot be described by analytical function, must be then solved to obtain γ. In the letter, γ is evaluated using a digital computer. The computation has been carried out so far in the inert gases, mercury vapour and in an additional seven molecular and polyatomic gases.
Ring-laser bias using reciprocal optical components
- Author(s): H.A.H. Boot ; P.G.R. King ; R.B.R. Shersby-Harvie
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 347 –348
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690264
- Type: Article
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p.
347
–348
(2)
Ring-laser biasing, to reduce nonlinear rotation sensitivity, normally requires either nonreciprocal optical components or rotation of the whole laser. It is shown that biasing can be achieved by using the finite transit time of light propagation between two time-varying optical phase shifters.
Frequency dependence and energy storage of a class of a.c. measuring instruments
- Author(s): W.E. Smith
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 5, Issue 15, p. 349 –350
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19690265
- Type: Article
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p.
349
–350
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The frequency dependence of the sensitivity of a class of a.c. measuring instruments employing average electric and magnetic stresses is discussed theoretically. General electromagnetic theorems are used to relate the frequency dependence to the variation of electric and magnetic energies. Conditions for frequency independence are obtained for ammeters, voltmeters and (microwave) power meters operating at arbitrary frequencies.
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