Electronics Letters
Volume 49, Issue 21, 10 October 2013
Volumes & issues:
-
Volume 59 (2023)
-
Volume 58 (2022)
-
Volume 57 (2021)
-
Volume 56 (2020)
-
Volume 55 (2019)
-
Volume 54 (2018)
-
Volume 53 (2017)
-
Volume 52 (2016)
-
Volume 51 (2015)
-
Volume 50 (2014)
-
Volume 49 (2013)
-
Volume 48 (2012)
-
Volume 47 (2011)
-
Volume 46 (2010)
-
Volume 45 (2009)
-
Volume 44 (2008)
-
Volume 43 (2007)
-
Volume 42 (2006)
-
Volume 41 (2005)
-
Volume 40 (2004)
-
Volume 39 (2003)
-
Volume 38 (2002)
-
Volume 37 (2001)
-
Volume 36 (2000)
-
Volume 35 (1999)
-
Volume 34 (1998)
-
Volume 33 (1997)
-
Volume 32 (1996)
-
Volume 31 (1995)
-
Volume 30 (1994)
-
Volume 29 (1993)
-
Volume 28 (1992)
-
Volume 27 (1991)
-
Volume 26 (1990)
-
Volume 25 (1989)
-
Volume 24 (1988)
-
Volume 23 (1987)
-
Volume 22 (1986)
-
Volume 21 (1985)
-
Volume 20 (1984)
-
Volume 19 (1983)
-
Volume 18 (1982)
-
Volume 17 (1981)
-
Volume 16 (1980)
-
Volume 15 (1979)
-
Volume 14 (1978)
-
Volume 13 (1977)
-
Volume 12 (1976)
-
Volume 11 (1975)
-
Volume 10 (1974)
-
Volume 9 (1973)
-
Volume 8 (1972)
-
Volume 7 (1971)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1968)
-
Volume 3 (1967)
-
Volume 2 (1966)
-
Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 49, Issue 21
10 October 2013
- Features
- Acoustical engineering
- Antennas and propagation
- Circuits and systems
- Control engineering
- Electromagnetism
- Image and vision processing and display technology
- Information and communications
- Instrumentation and management
- Microwave technology
- Organic and inorganic circuits and devices
- Photonics
- Power electronics, energy conversion and sustainability
- Wireless communications
-
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, page: 1306 –1306
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.3213
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1306
(1)
- Author(s): Dr Kun Mao
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, page: 1306 –1306
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.3212
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1306
(1)
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1307 –1308
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.3211
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1307
–1308
(2)
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, page: 1308 –1308
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.3210
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1308
(1)
in brief
interview
inside view
running on starlight
-
- Author(s): J.-S. Shin ; I. Song ; Y. Ai ; S. Hwang ; J.-S. Rieh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1311 –1312
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.1513
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1311
–1312
(2)
Harmonic emissions of nonlinear bulk acoustic wave (BAW) resonators with their different configurations are demonstrated and analysed. With the anti-polarisation configuration of the piezoelectric resonators, the second harmonic emissions are dramatically reduced. However, the anti-series configuration of dual BAW resonators exhibits a sharp increase in second harmonic emissions near the anti-resonance frequency. By investigating the phase difference of the generated harmonic waves, the reason for that sharp increase has been successfully analysed.
Characterisation and analysis of harmonic emissions in nonlinear bulk acoustic wave resonators
-
- Author(s): Yi Zhao ; Xiang-yu Cao ; Jun Gao ; Wen-qiang Li
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1312 –1313
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2417
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1312
–1313
(2)
A novel design for broadband radar cross-section (RCS) reduction and a high gain waveguide slot antenna is proposed. The orthogonal array of a polarisation-dependent artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) is exploited and contributes to the scattering and radiation improvement. The measured results demonstrate that, compared with the conventional antenna with a metallic plate, the novel antenna achieves a 20% relative bandwidth of 10 dB RCS reduction and 3.2 dB gain enhancement.
- Author(s): O. Cakir ; I. Kaya ; A. Yazgan ; Ö. Cakir
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1313 –1315
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2165
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1313
–1315
(3)
Considering a time difference of arrival (TDOA) localisation system, it is well known that the accuracy depends on the transmitter–receiver geometry, time differences estimation error and the selection of the localisation algorithm. Although many studies related to TDOA estimation and emitter location finding can be found in the literature, the effect of transmitter–receiver geometry on positioning accuracy has not been investigated sufficiently. Most of the studies focused on figuring out the optimum receiver arrays by minimising the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) or maximising the Fisher information matrix. In this reported work, depending on the target position, the optimum receiver arrays are dynamically oriented. By using particle swarm optimisation (PSO) the target is localised and the offset angle which makes the CRLB minimum is determined. After rotating the receiver array by the offset angle, the target is localised again. At the end of the process, a significant decrement in the positioning error is obtained. To show the effectiveness of the proposed method, a uniform angular array and a cross array are selected as optimum two-dimensional geometries.
- Author(s): Guo Liu ; Liang Xu ; Zhensen Wu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1315 –1316
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2418
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1315
–1316
(2)
A small size wideband (2–6 GHz) circularly-polarised log-periodic Koch fractal antenna (LPKFA) is proposed. The circular polarisation is produced by using a pair of unequal length crossed-dipoles, and the wideband property is achieved based on the concept of the log-periodic dipole antenna without a matching network. In addition, Koch-shaped dipoles are used as the radiation elements in the design.
- Author(s): N. Ojaroudi and N. Ghadimi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1317 –1318
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2577
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1317
–1318
(2)
A new design of a multi-resonance small slot antenna with variable band-notched function for ultra-wideband (UWB) applications is proposed. The proposed slot antenna consists of a square radiating stub and a ground plane with a pair of L-shaped parasitic structures and an inverted T-shaped strip protruding inside the rectangular slit, which provides a wide usable fractional bandwidth of more than 135% (2.98–16.73 GHz), while showing the band rejection performance in the frequency band of 5.05–5.9 GHz to avoid any interference from wireless local area network systems. The designed antenna has a small size of 20 × 20 × 0.8 mm3. Simulated and experimental results obtained for this antenna show that it exhibits good radiation behaviour within the UWB frequency range.
Broadband RCS reduction and high gain waveguide slot antenna with orthogonal array of polarisation-dependent AMC
Dynamic orientation of receiver arrays using particle swarm optimisation
Miniaturised wideband circularly-polarised log-periodic Koch fractal antenna
UWB small slot antenna with WLAN frequency band-stop function
-
- Author(s): Kun Mao ; Ming Qiao ; Zhaoji Li ; Bo Zhang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1318 –1320
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2459
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1318
–1320
(3)
An advanced low-cost and low-power high-voltage (HV) startup circuit which uses a 50 V pJFET and a 700 V T-nJFET (triple RESURF nJFET) is proposed. Compared with traditional technology, a mass of module area is saved. This mainly benefits from: first, with increase of V DS, I OFF (leakage current in off-state) can be quickly pinched off to a low value by pJFET without a large layout area which is needed for the traditional resistance method. Secondly, T-nJFET is located at the drain terminal of T-nLDMOS (triple RESURF LDMOS) with common drain electrode which also saves large area than traditional independent nJFET. Moreover, pJFET brings stable and low I OFF which leads to 4 mW P OFF (static power consumption in off-state) due to its low V P (pinch-off voltage) and high BVDS.
- Author(s): D.-L. Shen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1320 –1321
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2116
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1320
–1321
(2)
A switching current integrator that works in an environment with a low supply voltage is presented. The sampling transistors are all realised using PMOSs, by connecting their body to the ground, in order to lower their threshold voltage. The current sources are constructed using NMOSs by tying their gate to the supply voltage, in order to minimise the voltage required between drain and source. In this type of approach, the proposed switching current integrator works at a supply voltage of 0.5 V, using a sampling frequency of 100 MHz in a 0.18 μm CMOS technology.
- Author(s): L.J. Gunn ; A. Allison ; D. Abbott
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1321 –1323
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2547
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1321
–1323
(3)
Many active devices exhibit gross nonlinearity, which is traditionally mitigated using negative feedback. In those cases where negative feedback is not desired, compensation for the distortion can be carried out at the postprocessing stage by inverting the transfer function of the device. A new technique is demonstrated where the inherent noise in the system is exploited to estimate the required transformation, thus reducing distortion without the need for an offline characterisation step. It is demonstrated that the proposed technique can reduce the total harmonic distortion of a common-emitter amplifier from about 10% to < 1%.
- Author(s): L. Zou ; J. Pathrose ; K.T.C. Chai ; M. Je ; Y.P. Xu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1323 –1325
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2092
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1323
–1325
(3)
For sample-and-hold (S/H) circuits operating at low sampling rate and high temperature, the switch leakage current is one of the major error sources. A S/H circuit with dynamic switch leakage compensation is presented. The proposed leakage current compensation circuit generates switch leakage replicas that track the actual leakages in the sampling switches. A bidirectional current steering circuit allows the switch leakage to be dynamically compensated with the leakage replicas. A prototype S/H circuit is fabricated in a 1 µm silicon-on-isolation CMOS technology. Measurement has shown the effectiveness of dynamic leakage current compensation up to 280°C with a maximum 75% leakage reduction.
- Author(s): J.H. Kim ; J.-H. Chang ; S.W. Nam
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1325 –1326
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2011
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1325
–1326
(2)
A new variable step-size sign subband adaptive filter (VSS-SSAF), not requiring any a priori information, is proposed by minimising the ℓ1-norm of the subband a posteriori error under a box-constraint on the step-size. In addition, an efficient numerical procedure for updating its VSS is introduced to solve the non-differentiable convex problem. The proposed algorithm provides comparable or better convergence performance, when compared with the recent VSS-SSAF (minimising the mean-squares deviation with a priori knowledge of noise variance) or other conventional algorithms aimed at robustness against impulsive interferences.
Low-cost low-power HV startup circuit with 50 V pJFET and 700 V T-nJFET
0.5 V switching current integrator
Identification of static distortion by noise measurement
Sample-and-hold circuit with dynamic switch leakage compensation
Sign subband adaptive filter with ℓ1-norm minimisation-based variable step-size
-
- Author(s): V. Badri and M.S. Tavazoei
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1326 –1328
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2457
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1326
–1328
(3)
A method recently proposed for tuning fractional order [proportional integral] (FO[PI]) controllers is investigated. This tuning method, when applied in control of first-order plus dead time (FOPDT) processes, can ensure the desired phase margin, the desired gain crossover frequency and the flatness of the phase Bode plot at such a frequency. The necessary and sufficient condition for the applicability of the aforementioned tuning method is derived. Also, it is shown that this condition can be used in obtaining the achievable performance region of the tuning method in the gain crossover frequency-phase margin plane.
On tuning FO[PI] controllers for FOPDT processes
-
- Author(s): H.W.L. Naus
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1328 –1330
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.1753
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1328
–1330
(3)
The multipole expansion of a general plane polarised electromagnetic field is derived. This is accomplished by calculating the coefficients of the dynamical multipole expansion of electromagnetic fields, representing generic solutions of the Maxwell equations in a source-free region. The analytical results are confirmed by comparing the suitably terminated expansions to the exact fields.
Multipole expansion of polarised electromagnetic fields
-
- Author(s): Byung-Hun Oh ; Jung-Hyun Kim ; Kwang-Seok Hong
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1330 –1331
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2203
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1330
–1331
(2)
A novel rear-facing mobile camera-based finger motion command recognition system is proposed and implemented that can support mobile human–computer interaction (HCI) by using only the index finger of the hand holding the mobile device. This is a hybrid approach that includes (i) maximum morphological gradient combination and an AdaBoost-based robust fingertip detector under dynamic lighting conditions, against complicated backgrounds and (ii) one-handed mobile HCI using finger motion and fingertip pointer tracking.
- Author(s): G. Bang and I.-S. Kweon
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1331 –1333
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2112
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1331
–1333
(3)
A multi-target tracking algorithm in dense-crowded environments is proposed. Existing global optimisation based multi-target tracking assumes that each pedestrian's motion is independent and shows impressive results in sparse datasets. However, in semi-crowded environments, pedestrians often occlude and interact with each other, making tracking a challenging task. In this reported work, social group behaviour to mitigate ambiguities is considered using the social force model, which is widely used in crowd simulation applications, and the robustness of the proposed method compared to state-of-the-art multi-target tracking in more crowded scenarios is demonstrated.
Rear-facing mobile camera-based finger motion command recognition system
Multi-target tracking using social force model in discrete-continuous optimisation framework
-
- Author(s): P. Basanta-Val and M. García Valls
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1333 –1335
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2239
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1333
–1335
(3)
A simple but effective optimisation for a popular level-5 protocol called Java's Remote Method Protocol, which is used in a distribution model named RMI (Java's Remote Method Invocation) is presented. The protocol has been enhanced with a simple multiplexing mechanism which offers the possibility of transferring several parallel request–response interactions without opening new transfer control protocol/Internet protocol connections. The temporal overhead and the advantages stemmed from the approach in terms of response-time are explored in a simple but realistic evaluation scenario: a local area network (LAN) (switched-Ethernet) infrastructure under the small packet size condition (i.e. when the remote invocation does not have packet fragmentation). Presented results show that the proposed extensions are useful in the LAN scenario under the non-fragmentation assumption in applications that do not require packet fragmentation.
- Author(s): Kai Zhang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1335 –1337
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2095
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1335
–1337
(3)
Two QPSK-like global navigation satellite system signals with unequal power are multiplexed as a constant-envelope signal analytically. It is further generalised as an extended AltBOC signal that has unbalanced power on the upper and the lower sidebands by the phase rotating technique. The modulations provide additional power control flexibility than the traditional DualQPSK and AltBOC signals and are demonstrated as optimum analytical implementations that maximise the power efficiency.
- Author(s): Shunfu Mao and Jungwoo Lee
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1337 –1338
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2012.2907
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1337
–1338
(2)
An analogue network coding technique combined with asynchronous code division multiple access is proposed. A scenario is considered where there are multiple pairs of nodes with a single relay and where each pair of nodes exchange information asynchronously. With the assumption of asynchronous transmission, the analysis and the simulations show a trade-off between the number of nodes and the inter-user interference because the spreading codes are not orthogonal to each other. The analysis also shows that analogue network coding improves throughput compared with the conventional routing protocol with a large Eb /N 0, a low number of users and a large spreading factor.
Enhanced JRMP multiplexing headers under non-fragmented local area network constraints
Generalised constant-envelope DualQPSK and AltBOC modulations for modern GNSS signals
Multiuser analogue network coding with code division multiple access
-
- Author(s): C. Azcona ; B. Calvo ; N. Medrano ; S. Celma
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1338 –1340
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2299
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1338
–1340
(3)
A high performance 1.2 V–0.18 µm CMOS quasi-digital temperature sensor is presented with frequency output suitable to be used in battery operated systems. It is based on a multivibrator current-to-frequency converter and works properly over a temperature range of –40 to + 120°C, exhibiting a linear sensitivity of 442 Hz/°C with accuracy better than 1.0°C and a power consumption of 1.8 µW.
CMOS quasi-digital temperature sensor for battery operated systems
-
- Author(s): Yong Chen ; Pui-In Mak ; Li Zhang ; He Qian ; Yan Wang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1340 –1342
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2670
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1340
–1342
(3)
A third-order all-pole analogue lowpass filter (LPF) with kHz-to-GHz bandwidth tunability is proposed. It embeds a current-reuse active inductor into a current-scalable source follower to realise three concurrently tunable poles in a single branch. The LPF fabricated in 0.18 μm CMOS measures a tunable − 3 dB cutoff from 0.8 kHz to 1.2 GHz, under a scalable power of 1.25 nW to 4.01 mW. Owing to no tuning capacitor, the die area is extremely compact (0.013 mm2) and the achieved filter efficiency is 0.52 to 1.11 pW/pole/Hz.
- Author(s): Zhuohui He ; Wu Ye ; Suili Feng
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1342 –1343
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.1777
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1342
–1343
(2)
A modified dynamic deviation reduction-based Volterra (MDDRV) model is presented for digital predistortion of power amplifiers. The MDDRV model is a combination of the memory polynomial model and the DDRV model. The effectiveness of the MDDRV model is validated based on experimental results.
- Author(s): Gh. Karimi ; F. Khamin-Hamedani ; H. Siahkamari
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1343 –1345
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2321
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1343
–1345
(3)
A new semi-fractal technique is applied to hairpin microstrip lowpass filters to realise compact size and sharp roll-off. To achieve wide stopband suppression, both a semi-fractal hairpin resonator and a U-shaped resonator are employed in the filter. A demonstration filter with 3 dB cutoff frequency at 1.51 GHz has been designed, fabricated and measured. The results show that a roll-off of 217.6 dB/GHz with a relative stopband bandwidth of 159.7% (referred to a suppression degree of 32 dB) can be obtained while achieving a high figure-of-merit of 44 832.
- Author(s): C. Weickhmann ; N. Nathrath ; R. Gehring ; A. Gaebler ; M. Jost ; R. Jakoby
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1345 –1347
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2281
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1345
–1347
(3)
A low-weight, compact, tunable phase shifter based on liquid crystal technology is presented. It is designed in a hollow waveguide topology with a dielectric filled cross-section. The operational frequency range is 21–29 GHz, but data up to 35 GHz have been obtained and are presented. The device offers more than 140° phase shift peak per dB insertion loss and 110–130°/dB in the desired range.
0.013 mm2, kHz-to-GHz-bandwidth, third-order all-pole lowpass filter with 0.52-to-1.11 pW/pole/Hz efficiency
Digital predistortion using modified dynamic deviation reduction-based Volterra model
Miniaturised microstrip lowpass filter with sharp roll-off and ultra-wide stopband
Recent measurements of compact electronically tunable liquid crystal phase shifter in rectangular waveguide topology
-
- Author(s): L. Hasanah ; F.A. Noor ; C.U. Jung ; K. Khairurrijal
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1347 –1348
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.1839
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1347
–1348
(2)
The theoretical collector current model for SiGe-based heterojunction bipolar transistors under parallel–perpendicular kinetic energy coupling and anisotropic masses was validated. Verification was performed by comparison to Monte Carlo (MC) calculations and experimental data obtained from previous publications. Collector current against base-emitter voltage obtained by the present model is comparable to that calculated by the MC method. The measured collector currents as a function of base-collector voltage agreed well with the calculated currents for base-emitter voltages ranging from 0.3 to 0.6 V.
Verification of theoretical model for collector current in SiGe-based heterojunction bipolar transistors
-
- Author(s): Jinhui Yuan ; Guiyao Zhou ; Hongzhan Liu ; Changming Xia ; Xinzhu Sang ; Qiang Wu ; Chongxiu Yu ; Kuiru Wang ; Binbin Yan ; Ying Han ; G. Farrell ; Lantian Hou
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1348 –1350
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2526
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1348
–1350
(3)
Anti-Stokes signals at the near-ultraviolet wavelength are efficiently generated based on degenerate four-wave mixing by coupling the femtosecond pulses into the fundamental mode of a photonic crystal fibre. When the pump pulses with the central wavelength of 840 nm and the average power of 300 mW are used, the conversion efficiency η s of the anti-Stokes signal at 432 nm can be up to 40℅, and the pulse width is measured to be 42 fs by the Talbot effect.
- Author(s): Y. Sano ; M. Kobayashi ; T. Yoshino
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1350 –1351
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2538
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1350
–1351
(2)
To suppress the undesirable sideband transmission occurring in the conventional fibre Bragg grating based Fabry-Pérot filter, a fibre Fabry-Pérot interferometer that is composed of a single fibre Bragg grating and a broadband high-reflectance dielectric mirror coated on a fibre end surface is considered and its very narrow transmission bandwidth of 8.8 pm and high sideband suppression ratio of more than 20 is experimentally demonstrated in good conformity with the numerical simulation.
Anti-Stokes signal conversion of femtosecond pulses at near-ultraviolet wavelength in photonic crystal fibre
Sideband-suppressed narrow bandpass fibre Fabry-Pérot filter composed of fibre Bragg grating and dielectric mirror
-
- Author(s): N. Matsuo ; T. Kobayashi ; A. Heya
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1351 –1353
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2485
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1351
–1353
(3)
The novel structure of a solar cell is presented that has the metal–oxide-semiconductor diode at the side wall of the power generation layer. The influence of the field-effect on the recombination of carriers is simulated and the increase of the conversion efficiency of the solar cell by the gate voltage application is discussed. In addition, the relationship between the effect of the gate voltage application on the conversion efficiency, the lifetime and the surface recombination velocity is discussed.
Improvement of conversion efficiency for solar cell with metal–oxide-semiconductor diode
-
- Author(s): Haifeng Zhou ; Kam Man Shum ; Ray C.C. Cheung ; Chi-Hou Chan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1353 –1355
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2479
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1353
–1355
(3)
A low-power frequency-shift keying (FSK) demodulator capable of demodulating 5 Mbit/s data rate is presented. No high sampling clock is needed in this demodulator design, and thus the design not only greatly reduces the circuit complexity but also achieves a high data rate. It is suitable for a digital data transmission chain of wireless communication.
- Author(s): F. Wen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1355 –1356
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2331
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1355
–1356
(2)
A diffusion least-mean P-power (LMP) algorithm is proposed for distributed estimation in alpha-stable noise environments, which is one of the widely used models that appears in various environments. Compared with the diffusion least-mean squares algorithm, better performance is obtained for the diffusion LMP methods when the noise is with alpha-stable distribution.
- Author(s): A. Stelter
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1356 –1358
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2707
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1356
–1358
(3)
The channel bonding technique proposed in the IEEE 802.11ac draft makes it possible to multiply the physical layer data rate of the network. Unfortunately, the medium access control (MAC) protocol in 802.11ac that allocates the entire extended bandwidth to a single user at a time is very inefficient if the transmitted data frames are not sufficiently long. A partial bonding MAC (pbMAC) protocol is proposed that allocates only a part of the available bandwidth to a single user at a time. The simulation results show that the pbMAC gives a better utilisation of extended bandwidth than the MAC protocol in 802.11ac.
- Author(s): Minhwan Choi ; Hoojin Lee ; Haewoon Nam
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1358 –1360
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.2768
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1358
–1360
(3)
Insightful closed-form formulas for the exact pairwise error probability (PEP) of quasi-orthogonal space–time block codes in Rayleigh fading channels are presented. In addition, simple asymptotic expressions are proposed, from which the achievable asymptotic diversity orders are easily determined in the high signal-to-noise ratio regime. Finally, comparing analytical and simulation results, the accuracy of the derived analytical formulas is validated.
- Author(s): S.W. Chen ; C.K. Seow ; S.Y. Tan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 49, Issue 21, p. 1360 –1362
- DOI: 10.1049/el.2013.1731
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
1360
–1362
(3)
A wireless localisation scheme which requires just one reference device to estimate the mobile location is presented. The proposed scheme utilises the joint time-of-arrival and angle-of-arrival estimation of the line-of-sight path measured at both mobile and reference devices to construct areas of possible mobile devices (APMDs). The intersection of these APMDs will give an estimation of an MD location. Simulations in light and heavy multipath environments show that the performance of the proposed single reference localisation scheme dramatically improved the location accuracy as compared with the conventional localisation techniques that use four reference devices.
High-data-rate FSK demodulator for wireless communication
Diffusion least-mean P-power algorithms for distributed estimation in alpha-stable noise environments
Efficient access to extended channel bandwidth in wireless LAN
Exact and asymptotic PEP derivations for various quasi-orthogonal space–time block codes
Single reference mobile localisation in multipath environment
Most viewed content
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Extreme multistability in a memristive circuit
- Author(s): Bo-Cheng Bao ; Quan Xu ; Han Bao ; Mo Chen
- Type: Article
-
Absorptive frequency selective surface using parallel LC resonance
- Author(s): Qiang Chen ; Liguo Liu ; Liang Chen ; Jiajun Bai ; Yunqi Fu
- Type: Article
-
Partial spectral search-based DOA estimation method for co-prime linear arrays
- Author(s): Fenggang Sun ; Peng Lan ; Bin Gao
- Type: Article
-
Experimental verification of on-chip CMOS fractional-order capacitor emulators
- Author(s): G. Tsirimokou ; C. Psychalinos ; A.S. Elwakil ; K.N. Salama
- Type: Article
-
54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single-mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF
- Author(s): G. Stepniak ; A. Lewandowski ; J.R. Kropp ; N.N. Ledentsov ; V.A. Shchukin ; N. Ledentsov Jr. ; G. Schaefer ; M. Agustin ; J.P. Turkiewicz
- Type: Article