Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 4, Issue 26, 27 December 1968
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Volume 4, Issue 26
27 December 1968
Optimisation of the ground wave over a stratified earth
- Author(s): J.R. Wait
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 575 –576
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680449
- Type: Article
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p.
575
–576
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The ground-wave excitation of an electric dipole buried in a two-layer flat earth is considered. It is indicated that the optimum inclination of the dipole depends on both the thickness of the upper layer and the burial depth of the dipole.
Electromagnetic transient response of a spherical conducting shell
- Author(s): J.R. Wait
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 576 –577
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680450
- Type: Article
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p.
576
–577
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A quasistatic solution is obtained for the fields of a time-varying magnetic current source located in the vicinity of a spherical conducting shell. It is shown that the transient response has a relatively simple physical interpretation.
High-Q factor circuit with reduced sensitivity
- Author(s): T. Deliyannis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 577 –579
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680451
- Type: Article
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p.
577
–579
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An active network is suggested that uses one differential-input operational amplifier and is suitable for realising high-Q factor second-order bandpass functions. Its Q sensitivity to component values is found to be less than the optimum Q sensitivities of the corresponding networks of Huelsman and Antoniou. The network has been used to realise a sixth-order bandpass filter in three cascaded stages. Experimental results are given.
Directly coupled active circulators
- Author(s): J.M. Rollett and P.E. Greenaway
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 579 –580
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680452
- Type: Article
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p.
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–580
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A method is described for making multiport circulators with active elements which are directly coupled; each port requires one differential amplifier.
Small-hole couplers
- Author(s): C.C. Someda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 580 –581
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680453
- Type: Article
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p.
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–581
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A proof is provided of the fact that the formulas for the coupling due to a small hole, obtained by Bethe, correctly apply even to structures which do not exhibit the symmetry, in the plane of the hole, postulated by Bathe.
Transit-time effects in bulk negative-mobility amplifiers
- Author(s): D. Dascalu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 581 –583
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680454
- Type: Article
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p.
581
–583
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The small-signal operation of the bulk negative-mobility amplifier with zero ion density is studied in detail, by computing the distribution of the active power dissipated inside the device by the two components of the alternative particle current. The analysis shows the contribution of the transit-time effects to the high-frequency negative conductance of the device.
Acoustic holograms
- Author(s): L.V. Skattebol
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 583 –584
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680455
- Type: Article
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p.
583
–584
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The letter describes a method of reconstructing a holographic image by electronic means, thus avoiding the multiple images produced owing to ambiguity of angle.
Accuracy of the Volterra-series method for nonlinear differential equations
- Author(s): M. Kielkiewicz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 584 –585
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680456
- Type: Article
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p.
584
–585
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The accuracy of the Volterra-series method of approximate solution of certain nonlinear differential equations has been examined for a simple first-order nonlinear differential equation.
Experimental signal/noise-ratio comparison of the second-order phase-locked loop and the second-order frequency-locked loop
- Author(s): M.G. Unkauf and R.J. Schulman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 585 –586
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680457
- Type: Article
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p.
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–586
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The signal/noise ratio performance of a novel f.m. threshold extension demodulator, the frequency-locked loop, is experimentally compared with that of the phase-locked-loop demodulator and the conventional f.m. discriminator. Experimental results indicate that the f.l.l. represents a significant improvement over the p.l.l. and the conventional discriminator for f.m. systems subject to large carrier deviations.
General theorem on symmetry-imposed decoupling of ports of a waveguide junction
- Author(s): R.J. Vernon
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 586 –587
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680458
- Type: Article
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p.
586
–587
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A general theorem concerning the decoupling of ports of a waveguide junction imposed by reflection symmetry is stated and proved. Several examples are given of the use of this theorem to determine, by inspection, that certain ports of specific waveguide junctions must be decoupled because of the symmetry of the junction.
Practical study of drift correction in p.r.b.n. crosscorrelation
- Author(s): R.F. Brown
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 588 –589
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680459
- Type: Article
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p.
588
–589
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A recently described drift-correction scheme is applied to pseudorandom binary noise testing of a boiler with promising results. The sequence used is of ‘inverse repeat’ form, and the experimental results substantiate the theoretical result that the effect of drift is decreased as the number of half periods contained in a given measurement interval is increased.
Determination of pulse distortion in transmission-line systems having reactive terminations using the graphical method
- Author(s): R. Murray-Shelley
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 589 –591
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680460
- Type: Article
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p.
589
–591
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Interest is becoming increasingly aroused in the distortion of pulses present in high-speed-logic circuitry due to reflections from mismatched terminations. Partially reactive terminations, especially capacitive ones, are of great practical importance.
3-terminal gyrator circuits using operational amplifiers
- Author(s): A. Antoniou
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 591 –592
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680461
- Type: Article
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p.
591
–592
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Two 3-terminal gyrator circuits are derived from two published circuits. In contrast to the original circuits, the derived ones cannot attain low-frequency unstable modes.
Intervalley scattering model of the Gunn domain
- Author(s): V. Szélely and K. Tarnay
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 592 –594
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680462
- Type: Article
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p.
592
–594
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The letter reports the analysis of Gunn-domain dynamics based on the intervalley scattering model. The numerical results show that the effect of intervalley scattering on the dynamic domain equilibrium is of the same order, or greater than, the effect of diffusion.
Simulation of function with variable poles
- Author(s): J.D. Martin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 594 –595
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680463
- Type: Article
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p.
594
–595
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A simple technique is demonstrated which enables a transfer function to be simulated, whose pole positions may be varied by an external signal. Digital techniques are employed.
Experimental analysis of high-efficiency avalanche-resonance pumped oscillators
- Author(s): C.P. Snapp ; L.A. Stark ; B. Hoefflinger
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 595 –596
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680464
- Type: Article
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p.
595
–596
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Silicon avalanche diodes yielded efficiencies of 10, 20 and 45% at the first, second and seventh subharmonic of an essential self-generated pump signal close to the diode's avalanche resonance. Measured large-signal impedances and dynamic characteristics explain the efficiency degradation at higher frequencies and suggest measures for further improvement.
Single injection, double injection and negative resistance in gold-doped high-resistivity silicon
- Author(s): G.T. Wright and A.F. Ibrahim
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 597 –598
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680465
- Type: Article
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p.
597
–598
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A simplified explanation is given for negative resistance in a semiconductor containing deep-lying donor and acceptor levels. A simple equation is derived for the breakover voltage and is verified by experimental studies of single and double-injection currents in gold-doped silicon.
Root-sensitivity invariants
- Author(s): Z. Kumpel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 598 –599
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680466
- Type: Article
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p.
598
–599
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In the letter, the root-sensitivity invariants for linear two-element-kind networks are given, and conclusions for approximation by dominant roots and for sensitivity minimisation are discussed.
Circulator-capacitor networks
- Author(s): J.M. Rollett
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 599 –601
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680467
- Type: Article
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p.
599
–601
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It is shown how filters requiring floating inductance and constant-resistance allpass networks may be made with loss-less circulators and capacitors; the filters, if matched in the passband, are insensitive to small changes in the capacitances.
Spectral response of a point-contact diode in the submillimetre range
- Author(s): E.J.S. Becklake ; L.A. Cram ; B.E. Prewer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 601 –602
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680468
- Type: Article
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p.
601
–602
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The spectral response of a fast GaAs point-contact diode in the millimetre- and submillimetre-wavelength range is described. N.E.P.s of 10-7W at 337 μm and 4×10-6W at 98 μm were obtained. The experimental and theoretical spectral responses for the diode are compared.
Factors affecting the force between electrical contacts
- Author(s): J.D. Bruntons ; A.J.W. Rozelaar ; U. Imre
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, p. 602 –603
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680469
- Type: Article
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–603
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The results of experiments in which the electrostatic force between opening contacts was investigated are described. Possible applications of the findings, including the speeding up of relay operation and the measurement of surface characteristics are suggested.
Erratum: Correlation-multiplex data-transmission system
- Author(s): R. Barrett and J. Karran
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, page: 604 –604
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680470
- Type: Article
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Erratum: New criterion of realisability
- Author(s): S.C. Kak
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 4, Issue 26, page: 604 –604
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19680471
- Type: Article
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