Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 23, Issue 22, 22 October 1987
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Volume 23, Issue 22
22 October 1987
Low-noise operation of buried channel MOS transistors
- Author(s): C. Carruthers and J. Mavor
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1173 –1174
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870815
- Type: Article
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Results are presented which show that extremely low-noise performance is possible in buried n-channel transistors. By careful choice of operating point, low-noise operation with useful gain is possible. The use of these devices as circuit elements is discussed.
Systolic arrays for recursive digital filtering
- Author(s): W. Luk and G. Jones
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1174 –1175
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870816
- Type: Article
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Two classes of systolic array for the implementation of recursive digital filters are presented, which overcome some of the limitations of earlier designs. The trade-off resulting from varying the degree of pipelining is discussed.
Amplifier-induced crosstalk in multichannel coherent lightwave systems
- Author(s): G.P. Agrawal
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1175 –1177
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870817
- Type: Article
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When an in line semiconductor laser amplifier is used to amplify several channels simultaneously, it can induce inter channel crosstalk if the amplifier gain is channel-dependent. It is shown that modulation of the carrier density at the beat frequency of two neighbouring channels can lead to considerable crosstalk even when the amplifier is operated well below the saturation level. An analytic expression for the channel gains of a travelling-wave amplifier is used to discuss and compare the crosstalk for ASK and FSK systems. The relatively short carrier lifetime in high-gain amplifiers may ultimately limit the channel spacing of such multichannel systems.
Unified approach to determination of modes in cylindrical cavities axisymmetrically loaded with dielectrics
- Author(s): D. Mirshekar-Syahkal and M. Mohammad Taheri
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1177 –1178
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870818
- Type: Article
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Based on a variational expression, a unified approach for the determination of all modes in cylindrical cavities axisym-metrically loaded with dielectrics is presented. This approach employs one-dimensional finite-element basis functions along the r-axis, and uses a penalty term to alleviate the resulting spurious modes. Using this technique, the resonant frequencies of several cavities are calculated.
Family of reduced-order models for linear multivariable systems
- Author(s): A.M. Eydgahi and H. Singh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1178 –1179
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870819
- Type: Article
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A new reduction procedure based on the construction of a modified Hankel matrix from Markov parameters is proposed. The reduced model is in terms of an arbitrary parameter a. Thus, different reduced models of the same order can be obtained by substituting different values of a.
Optical self-homodyne DPSK transmission at 1 and 2 Gbit/s over 86 km of fibre
- Author(s): R.C. Giles and K.C. Reichmann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1180 –1181
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870820
- Type: Article
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Optical self-homodyne DPSK transmission has been achieved at 1 and 2 Gbit/s data rates with respective receiver sensitivities of −34.4 dBm and −32.4 dBm at 10−9 BER. No dispersion penalty was observed after transmission through 86 km of optical fibre with 17 ps/μm/km dispersion at the operating wavelength of 1.53 μm.
Elimination of ambiguity in measurement of permittivity with short-circuited waveguide
- Author(s): K.H. Oh ; C.K. Ong ; B.T.G. Tan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1181 –1183
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870821
- Type: Article
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A new experimental parameter is introduced to eliminate the ambiguity in the short-circuited waveguide method for measuring permittivity. The results of our measurements using this technique for some standard materials are also presented.
Statistics of phase noise in single-mode semiconductor lasers: free-running, weak external feedback and injection-locking configurations
- Author(s): A. Mecozzi ; S. Piazzolla ; A. Sapia ; P. Spano
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1183 –1184
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870822
- Type: Article
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The statistics of the instantaneous intensity, carrier number and frequency fluctuations in CW operated single-mode semiconductor lasers is studied in the case in which the evolution of these quantities can be described through a set of linear rate equations. We show how, under the above hypothesis, a Gaussian probability density function results both for a free-running or an external-loaded configuration.
Pattern of radiation from dielectric tapers
- Author(s): X.H. Zheng and A.W. Snyder
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1184 –1185
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870823
- Type: Article
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The ‘radiation’ from a dielectric taper is still within the vicinity of the taper core. The dominant reason for the radiation loss is the mismatch between the fields in the ends of the taper.
Array two's-complement multiplier and square function
- Author(s): M. Putrino ; S. Vassiliadis ; E. Schwarz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1185 –1187
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870824
- Type: Article
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A two's-complement array multiplier and an array for the square function are presented. The negative elements present in the partial product matrix due to the two's-complement representation have been eliminated by encoding. No additional rows have been added, and the regularity and repeatability of the matrices have been retained.
Fabrication of low-loss titanium-diffused LiNbO3 waveguides using a closed platinum crucible
- Author(s): A. Never and T. Pohlmann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1187 –1188
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870825
- Type: Article
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A new diffusion technique for the reliable fabrication of low loss Ti:LiNbO3 waveguides is reported. During diffusion, the LiNbO3 sample is placed in a closed platinum crucible where the sample itself serves as an Li2O source to eliminate the appearance of unwanted surface waveguides. The influence of the diffusion conditions (temperature, addition of water vapour) on the waveguide performance is discussed.
One-step field-assisted ion exchange for fabrication of buried multimode optical strip waveguides
- Author(s): B.G. Pantchev
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1188 –1190
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870826
- Type: Article
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A method for one-step field-assisted silver-sodium ion exchange is proposed for the preparation of buried multimode optical strip waveguides in glass. Silver ions were supplied by a silver strip. A sodium nitrate melt was used as the anode, as well as for waveguide burial. The method provides good control over the waveguide cross-section.
Binary frame synchronisation sequences for packet radio
- Author(s): P.F. Driessen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1190 –1191
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870827
- Type: Article
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Frame synchronisation sequences with the smallest possible correlation sidelobes are determined by exhaustive search for the case when the frame synchronisation word is preceded by specific bit synchronisation patterns. For a given length these new sequences have significantly lower sidelobes than the optimum autocorrelation sequences.
New leaky-wave antenna for millimetre waves constructed from groove NRD waveguide
- Author(s): Wen-Xun Zhang and Lei Zhu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1191 –1192
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870828
- Type: Article
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A new leaky-wave antenna constructed from a groove non-radiative dielectric (GNRD) waveguide is presented. The GNRD leaky-wave antenna overcomes the difficulty of assembling precisely the dielectric strip in the NRD leaky-wave antenna, and is superior to the NRD leaky-wave antenna of the same size in the radiation pattern. The propa-gation and radiation characteristics of the GNRD leaky-wave antenna are analysed by use of the transverse resonance method. The theoretical results are in good agreement with experimental data.
Low RI liquid crystals for integrated optics
- Author(s): I. Sage and D. Chaplin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1192 –1193
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870829
- Type: Article
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By combining fluorinated isotropic additives with a mixture of saturated hydrocarbon-based liquid crystalline compounds, nematic materials of very low refractive index can be obtained. Mixtures are available with an ordinary refractive index below that of fused silica at room temperature, allowing the construction of active overlayer devices on common waveguide substrates.
Self longitudinal-mode stabilisation in GaAs/(AlGa)As quantum-well lasers
- Author(s): B. Garrett ; I.H. White ; D.F.G. Gallagher
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1193 –1194
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870830
- Type: Article
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Single-longitudinal-mode operation of zero-order lateral mode quantum-well GaAs/(AlGa)As Fabry-Perot lasers has been found to occur over a very wide operating current range. Single-longitudinal-mode operation is very stable, typically allowing an increase in optical output power from 0 to >20mW/facet before mode-hopping occurs. The mode hop at ~23mW leads to bistable single-longitudinal-mode operation with a very large hysteresis loop.
Polarisation-insensitive coherent receiver using a double balanced optical hybrid system
- Author(s): L.D. Tzeng ; W.L. Emkey ; C.A. Jack ; C.A. Burrus
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1195 –1196
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870831
- Type: Article
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A prototype polarisation-insensitive double balanced receiver for coherent lightwave communication is demonstrated and described in the letter. This receiver has been tested in a 40Mbit/s DPSK self-heterodyne system. The maximum variation in the amplitude of the recovered data is only about 0.8 dB under random variation of the signal polarisation. The cause of this variation is also discussed.
60-channel FM video subcarrier multiplexed optical communication system
- Author(s): R. Olshansky and V.A. Lanzisera
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1196 –1198
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870832
- Type: Article
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A subcarrier multiplexed (SCM) optical communication system is described which transmits 60 frequency-modulated (FM) video channels over 18 km of single-mode fibre with a 56 dB weighted signal/noise ratio.
Switched-capacitor biquad with low influence of finite gains
- Author(s): J. Mulawka ; A. Konczykowska ; M. Bon
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1198 –1199
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870833
- Type: Article
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The letter describes a switched-capacitor (SC) biquad which exhibits less effect of the finite gains on the Q-factor and centre frequency than other known biquads of this type. The properties of the circuit have been established by extensive simulation studies using a symbolic analysis program.
Mutual coupling in finite coplanar rectangular waveguide arrays
- Author(s): T.S. Bird
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1199 –1201
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870834
- Type: Article
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Mutual admittance expressions are given for all possible combinations of mode coupling in an array of identical collinear rectangular waveguides opening into an infinite ground plane. Specific results are presented for the worst case of E-plane coupling between identical square waveguide to show that significant high-order mode excitation can occur. Some of these modes are a source of crosspolarisation, making mutual coupling important to the prediction of the crosspolar pattern of a rectangular waveguide array.
Dynamic polarisation fluctuation characteristics of optical fibre submarine cable coupling under periodic variable tension
- Author(s): Y. Namihira ; Y. Horiuchi ; H. Wakabayashi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1201 –1202
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870835
- Type: Article
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The dynamic polarisation fluctuation in optical fibre submarine cable coupling under periodic variable tension of 4˜7 tons is presented. It is confirmed that the polarisation fluctuation of the optical fibre submarine cable coupling changes linearly with the periodic variable tension.
Generation of new two-amplifier synthetic floating inductors
- Author(s): R. Senani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1202 –1203
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870836
- Type: Article
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Although many lossless floating inductance (LFI) circuits employing three or four operational amplifiers are known in the literature, The and Yanagisawa's paper appears to be the first as well as the only work where an LFI realisation with only two operational amplifiers has been achieved. The present letter outlines a procedure by which a number of new two-amplifier LFI configurations are derivable.
Data clock jitter in supersampling multiplex transmission
- Author(s): R. Gangopadhyay and P. Cochrane
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1203 –1204
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870837
- Type: Article
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An estimate of the signal/noise ratio (SNR) degradation at the output of a data clock timing recovery circuit for multiplexed transmission using supersampling is presented. Both the effects of sampling clock jitter and data edge uncertainty are accounted for to determine the performance degradation as a function of the sampling frequency/data bit rate ratio D.
Spectral response measurements on polarisation splitting ratio of fused-taper single-mode fibre couplers
- Author(s): Y. Namihira ; Y. Horiuchi ; H. Wakabayashi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1204 –1206
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870838
- Type: Article
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Using a Ge PIN photodiode cooled to 77 K (−196°C) with liquid nitrogen and the lock-in amplification technique, an automatic polarisation spectral response measurement system with a measuring dynamic range of about 36 dB has been developed. It has been confirmed experimentally that the spectral response of polarisation beam-splitting ratios of fused-taper fibre couplers depend on the incident polarisation angle
Fault-tolerant schemes for parallel architectures
- Author(s): M.J. Livesey and J. Owczarczyk
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1206 –1207
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870839
- Type: Article
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Fault-tolerance schemes for efficient implementation in parallel VLSI processors are discussed, and a modular approach for tree and mesh-structured architectures is described
Time-domain bandwidth measurements of step-index plastic optical fibres
- Author(s): J. Meier ; W. Lieber ; W. Heinlein ; W. Groh ; P. Herbrechtsmeier ; J. Theis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1208 –1209
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870840
- Type: Article
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Bandwidth measurements of a short plastic optical fibre (POF) are reported. We measured under different coupling conditions using a second-harmonic Nd : YAG laser as the pulse source. The result is a bandwidth more than one decade above that estimated for step-index fibres.
Automatic channel selection using template correlation
- Author(s): A.P. Jowett and M. Darnell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, p. 1209 –1211
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870841
- Type: Article
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A new technique for automatic channel characterisation and selection in spectrally congested environments, known as ‘template correlation’, is described. Its performance under simulated conditions is illustrated. Modification of the basic technique to reduce the computational load, via a thresholding algorithm, is also discussed.
Erratum: Generation of short pulses from CW light by influence of crossphase modulation (CPM) in optical fibres
- Author(s): D. Schadt and B. Jaskorzynska
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, page: 1211 –1211
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870842
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Tables of integrals: misprint in a convolution-type integral with Gauss-Laguerre functions
- Author(s): Chen He-Ming and W. Freude
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 23, Issue 22, page: 1211 –1211
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19870843
- Type: Article
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