Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 22, Issue 7, 27 March 1986
Volumes & issues:
-
Volume 59 (2023)
-
Volume 58 (2022)
-
Volume 57 (2021)
-
Volume 56 (2020)
-
Volume 55 (2019)
-
Volume 54 (2018)
-
Volume 53 (2017)
-
Volume 52 (2016)
-
Volume 51 (2015)
-
Volume 50 (2014)
-
Volume 49 (2013)
-
Volume 48 (2012)
-
Volume 47 (2011)
-
Volume 46 (2010)
-
Volume 45 (2009)
-
Volume 44 (2008)
-
Volume 43 (2007)
-
Volume 42 (2006)
-
Volume 41 (2005)
-
Volume 40 (2004)
-
Volume 39 (2003)
-
Volume 38 (2002)
-
Volume 37 (2001)
-
Volume 36 (2000)
-
Volume 35 (1999)
-
Volume 34 (1998)
-
Volume 33 (1997)
-
Volume 32 (1996)
-
Volume 31 (1995)
-
Volume 30 (1994)
-
Volume 29 (1993)
-
Volume 28 (1992)
-
Volume 27 (1991)
-
Volume 26 (1990)
-
Volume 25 (1989)
-
Volume 24 (1988)
-
Volume 23 (1987)
-
Volume 22 (1986)
-
Volume 21 (1985)
-
Volume 20 (1984)
-
Volume 19 (1983)
-
Volume 18 (1982)
-
Volume 17 (1981)
-
Volume 16 (1980)
-
Volume 15 (1979)
-
Volume 14 (1978)
-
Volume 13 (1977)
-
Volume 12 (1976)
-
Volume 11 (1975)
-
Volume 10 (1974)
-
Volume 9 (1973)
-
Volume 8 (1972)
-
Volume 7 (1971)
-
Volume 6 (1970)
-
Volume 5 (1969)
-
Volume 4 (1968)
-
Volume 3 (1967)
-
Volume 2 (1966)
-
Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 22, Issue 7
27 March 1986
Design of a 250 Mbit/s biphase modulator
- Author(s): N.W.M. Whitehead
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 349 –350
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860237
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
349
–350
(2)
The letter explains the design of an accurate biphase modulator, which uses an ECLIII buffer and an RC network to interface between a baseband digital signal source and a double balanced mixer with two complementary IF ports. Under test, a modulation rate of at least 300 bit/s was achieved, using a carrier frequency up to 1 GHz.
Stability of rain-rate cumulative distributions
- Author(s): J.P.V. Poiares Baptista ; Z.W. Zhang ; N.J. Mcewan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 350 –352
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860238
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
350
–352
(3)
The length of point rainfall records necessary to characterise the long-term cumulative distributions is studied and some conclusions drawn. Evidence of a periodical component in annual rain statistics, correlated with sun activity, is presented.
Fast computation of discrete cosine transform through fast Hartley transform
- Author(s): H. Malvar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 352 –353
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860239
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
352
–353
(2)
A relationship between the discrete cosine transform (DCT) and the discrete Hartley transform (DHT) is derived. It leads to a new fast and numerically stable algorithm for the DCT.
Low-noise 460 GHz waveguide Schottky mixer radiometer for radioastronomy
- Author(s): N.J. Keen ; K.D. Mischerikow ; G.A. Ediss ; E. Perchtold
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 353 –355
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860240
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
353
–355
(3)
We report measurements on a cryogenically cooled Schottky barrier diode mixer system at 460 GHz. The mixer and horn are electroformed in a single block, and the carcinotron local oscillator is coupled in through a polarisation diplexer. A double-sideband system noise temperature of 870 K was obtained at midband at 12 K ambient. The total RF/IF double-sideband conversion loss was 9.0 dB, measured at 295 K ambient.
Packaged 7 mW, 1.2 GHz dynamic 60/61 GaAs prescaler
- Author(s): B. Chantepie ; M. Rocchi ; C. Rocher ; M. Fichelson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 355 –356
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860241
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
355
–356
(2)
A 7 mW, 400 MHz–1.2 GHz GaAs low-power dual-modulus prescaler has been designed and processed, using the DCFL approach and aligned technology. Dynamic logic allows significant power reduction and minimum component count. Phase noise measurements and frequency behaviour in a silicon PLL are comparable with common frequency synthesis systems.
Comment: Fictitious potential for 3-D magnetic flux plots
- Author(s): J.G. Aspinall
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 356 –357
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860242
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
356
–357
(2)
Attenuation coefficient of a piezoelectric resonator operating in a thickness mode
- Author(s): Jong-Hyun Ih and Byung-Ho Lee
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 357 –358
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860243
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
357
–358
(2)
We have found a simple method which gives the attenuation coefficient in the transmission-line model for a piezoelectric resonator operating in a thickness mode. This attenuation coefficient has been determined in terms of the thickness, static capacitance, piezoelectric coupling constant, resonance frequency and the additional value of the maximum input resistance.
Dispersion in shielded coupled coplanar waveguides
- Author(s): D. Mirshekar-Syahkal
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 358 –360
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860244
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
358
–360
(3)
A full-wave solution is developed to investigate the dispersion in shielded coupled coplanar waveguides. This study shows that the quasi-TEM data available in the literature for the coupled coplanar waveguide cannot accurately predict the performance of this structure at high frequencies.
Large-hole diffusion length and lifetime in InGaAs/InP double-heterostructure photodiodes
- Author(s): R. Trommer and L. Hoffmann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 360 –362
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860245
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
360
–362
(3)
In planar InGaAs/InP PIN photodiodes the minority-hole diffusion length and lifetime have been evaluated from measurements of the response to peripheral steady-state or pulse illumination. Very large values up to 74 μm and of 6 μs have been obtained for low-doped InGaAs. This high material quality could be revealed because surface effects are avoided in the utilised double heterostructures.
Input impedance of a circular microstrip disc antenna using mode matching
- Author(s): M.J. Mehler ; T.S.M. Maclean ; A.K. Abbas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 362 –363
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860246
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
362
–363
(2)
A model is developed to calculate the input impedance of a coaxially fed circular microstrip disc antenna. A mode-matching approach is used, which makes it possible to include the effects of modes other than the dominant mode. Comparison is made with measured results taken over the frequency range 8 GHz to 11 GHz.
Polarisation characteristics of graded-core stress-applied polarisation-maintaining fibres
- Author(s): K. Hayata ; M. Koshiba ; M. Suzuki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 363 –365
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860247
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
363
–365
(3)
Polarisation characteristics of stress-applied polarisation maintaining fibres having graded-index cores with α-power profile are investigated. It is found that when the stress-applying parts approach the core, the dependence of modal birefringence B on the normalised frequency v for the triangular profile is considerably different from that for the step-index profile, and the absolutely single-mode operation can be easily realised compared with the conventional step-index profile.
OTA-based integrable voltage/current-controlled ideal C-multiplier
- Author(s): I.A. Khan and M.T. Ahmed
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 365 –366
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860248
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
365
–366
(2)
A capacitance multiplier circuit, using operational transconductance amplifiers, is realised. The circuit provides widerange linear control of the capacitance value with direct voltage or current. This makes the realisation of large-valued grounded capacitors possible in IC fabrication. The linearly tunable capacitor is expected to find attractive applications in voltage/current-controlled filters, oscillators etc.
Intrinsic optical bistability and multistability in a passive GaAlAs waveguide
- Author(s): A.C. Walker ; J.S. Aitchison ; S. Ritchie ; P.M. Rodgers
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 366 –367
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860249
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
366
–367
(2)
We report the first observation of bistability in a passive optical waveguide arising from an intrinsic nonlinearity within the guide medium. The observation of up to eight-level multistability is also reported.
Ray theory design of hyperbolic secant horn
- Author(s): A. Marincic ; T.M. Benson ; K.S. Farhat
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 367 –369
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860250
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
367
–369
(3)
It is shown that ray theory can be used in designing a microwave horn with a hyperbolic secant refractive-index profile. The horn is short in length, has constant phase across the plane aperture and tapered illumination in the E-plane, resulting in a radiation pattern with low sidelobes. Experimental verification has been made on a model operating around a frequency of 10 GHz.
New radar clutter suppression schemes using modified multisegment MEM
- Author(s): H. Watanabe ; R. Azuma ; A. Noguchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 369 –370
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860251
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
369
–370
(2)
New radar clutter suppression schemes which assume high correlation of several successive range rings are presented by modifying the multisegment MEM (maximum entropy method) developed by Haykin et al. Experimental results using real ground, sea and weather clutters have proved that the new schemes are superior to the Zhang and Haykin schemes.
Polarisation-independent optical circulator consisting of two fibre-optic polarising beam splitters and two YIG spherical lenses
- Author(s): I. Yokohama ; K. Okamoto ; J. Noda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 370 –372
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860252
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
370
–372
(3)
A novel polarisation-independent optical circulator, which employs two fibre-optic polarising beam splitters and two yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) spherical lenses, is reported. The present structure has the advantage of low-loss splicing with other single-mode fibres. The insertion loss was 2.5 dB at 1.30 μm wavelength, and was almost independent of the incident polarisation angle. The backward attenuation was more than 18 dB.
Grating lobes caused by parallel-plate polariser
- Author(s): J.H. Cloete ; W.I. George ; L.J. du Toit
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 372 –373
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860253
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
372
–373
(2)
An unexpected high-level sidelobe was encountered when a parallel-plate polariser was fitted to a slotted waveguide array. The phenomenon is explained using grating lobe theory and linear near-field measurements. A technique to suppress the grating lobe is proposed.
Improvement in dielectric measurement technique of open-ended coaxial line resonator method
- Author(s): Liu Liping ; Xu Deming ; Jiang Zhiyan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 373 –375
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860254
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
373
–375
(3)
An improvement in the dielectric measurement of the open-ended coaxial line resonator method is reported. The usable frequency range has been substantially extended by considering the end radiation effect. Experimental results are given at X-band. The accuracy is much better than in the earlier reported method.
Antenna pattern synthesis using a relaxation method: application to printed antennas
- Author(s): M. Boguais ; J.P. Daniel ; C. Terret
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 375 –376
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860255
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
375
–376
(2)
An antenna pattern synthesis method based on a relaxation technique is proposed. The radiation pattern of the elementary source and the interelement spacings are taken into account. Two examples of linear printed arrays are computed: sector pattern and directive broadside pattern.
Characteristics of single and coupled rectangular resonators in suspended substrate stripline
- Author(s): R. Khanna ; S.K. Koul ; B. Bhat
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 376 –378
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860256
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
376
–378
(3)
A rigorous spectral-domain analysis is carried out to determine the resonant frequency characteristics of resonators in a general suspended substrate stripline. The resonant frequency characteristics of single as well as coupled rectangular resonators are computed. An important observation for resonators in broadside-coupled suspended substrate stripline is that the even- and odd-mode resonant frequencies are considerably different.
Fully differential stray-insensitive bilinear-z switched-capacitor highpass filter
- Author(s): J.-C. Lin and J.H. Nevin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 378 –379
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860257
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
378
–379
(2)
A fully differential charge-domain bilinear-z SC highpass filter is proposed. This technique not only solves the stray-sensitive problem mentioned by Lee et al. but also provides some other advantages which are inherent in the differential structure.
Dual-frequency disc antenna studied by cavity method
- Author(s): K. Mahdjoubi ; J.-P. Daniel ; C. Terret
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 379 –381
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860258
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
379
–381
(3)
A double-stub adjusting procedure is used to obtain quasi-identical input impedances and radiation patterns at both resonances of a dual-frequency microstrip antenna. In addition, the cavity method is adapted so as to be applied for the evaluation of radiation pattern as well as the input impedance of the above-mentioned antenna.
Use of singular value decomposition in system identification
- Author(s): G.J. Lastman and N.K. Sinha
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 381 –382
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860259
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
381
–382
(2)
Use of the singular value decomposition is suggested for problems of linear least-squares system identification rather than the usual method involving the normal equations.
Position-speed-acceleration controller design
- Author(s): C. Vibet
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 382 –383
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860260
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
382
–383
(2)
The letter shows the ability of the decoupling method to help the design of position-speed-acceleration controllers or hybrid force-position systems (PSA or F-PSA controllers) used in robotics.
Ground level current density and ionised flux lines of DC wire-to-plane corona
- Author(s): M. Aboelsaad
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 383 –384
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860261
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
383
–384
(2)
The nonlinear differential equations of unipolar DC corona in air are solved iteratively using a finite-element based algorithm. The distortion of the flux lines pattern by the corona-generated space charge is accurately demonstrated for the first time. Numerical results for both the current density and electric field on the ground plane show good agreement with experimental data.
Parameter space quantisation in fixed-point digital filters
- Author(s): A. Lepschy ; G.A. Mian ; U. Viaro
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 384 –386
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860262
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
384
–386
(3)
The quantisation of products in second-order fixed-point digital filters with two quantisers induces a quantisation of the parameter plane. As a result, the stability analysis in a given parameter region may be carried out exactly by considering only a finite, and usually small, number of cases.
Robust 1-D equivalent of phase-correlation image registration algorithm
- Author(s): C. Morandi ; F. Piazza ; R. Capancioni
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 386 –388
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860263
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
386
–388
(3)
An alternative version of the phase-correlation algorithm for image registration is presented. It is based on consideration of an N2 elements 1-D vector instead of an N × N pixel matrix. While the total number of operations does not change, this organisation lends itself to a straightforward hardware implementation, which is less demanding in terms of memory performance.
Frequency-locking of external cavity semiconductor lasers using an optical comb generator
- Author(s): D.J. Hunkin ; G.R. Hill ; W.A. Stallard
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 388 –390
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860264
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
388
–390
(3)
An external cavity laser has been frequency-locked to each tooth of an optical comb generated using a reference laser source and an LiNbO3 Mach-Zehnder interferometric frequency translator. The frequency spacing is electrically controlled and is thus both precise and variable.
Numerical calculation method of ultrasound pulse echoes
- Author(s): J.H. Kim ; B.S. Lee ; S.B. Park
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 390 –391
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860265
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
390
–391
(2)
A numerical technique, especially efficient in the simulation of line response, is proposed for the fast calculation of pulse echoes in arbitrarily shaped ultrasound transducers. The simulation result obtained by the proposed calculation method shows good agreement with experiment at several observing depths.
Monolithic integrated photoreceiver implemented with GaAs/GaAlAs heterojunction bipolar phototransistor and transistors
- Author(s): H. Wang and D. Ankri
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 391 –393
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860266
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
391
–393
(3)
The first monolithic integrated photodetector-preamplifier implemented with GaAs/GaAlAs heterojunction phototransistor and transistors has been fabricated and tested. This photoreceiver has been designed for local networks of optical transmission links operating at 0.85 μm wavelength with multimode fibres. A heterojunction phototransistor (HPT), two heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) and four resistors are integrated in a 0.5 × 0.5 mm2 GaAs chip. The photoreceiver with a 26 kΩ external feedback resistor has a bandwidth of 80 MHz with a transimpedance gain of 7000 V/A. The noise measurements indicate that a minimum detectable power of −30 dBm is obtained at 140 Mbit/s for an error rate of 10−9.
Interaction of electromagnetic and electrochemical effects in geophysical probing
- Author(s): J.R. Wait and T.P. Gruszka
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 393 –394
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860267
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
393
–394
(2)
In attempting to measure, in situ, the audio frequency complex resistivity of geological media, electromagnetic coupling can complicate the process. We show by way of a simple example that these electrochemical and electromagnetic effects are inextricably intertwined. Attempts to separate these phenomena by data processing should be viewed with caution.
Costas loop analysis for coherent optical receivers
- Author(s): T.G. Hodgkinson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 394 –396
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860268
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
394
–396
(3)
The Costas loop is analysed taking both shot and laser phase noise sources into account and it is shown that to avoid large performance penalties beat linewidth to bit-rate ratios smaller than 0.05% and 0.5% are needed for PSK homodyne and heterodyne systems, respectively.
Optical correlation measurement of switching transients in high-speed semiconductor lasers
- Author(s): J.M. Wiesenfeld ; R.S. Tucker ; P.M. Downey ; J.E. Bowers
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 396 –397
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860269
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
396
–397
(2)
Measurement of the large-signal transient response of a high-speed InGaAsP laser to an ultrashort rise time current pulse is reported. For complete time resolution, a measurement system which uses optical correlation techniques is implemented. Comparison is made between the optical correlation measurement and conventional electronic measurement using the fastest available detector and oscilloscope.
Monte Carlo particle simulation of the hole-electron plasma formed in a p-n junction
- Author(s): C. Moglestue
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 397 –398
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860270
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
397
–398
(2)
The current through a forward-biased p-n junction in GaAs has been simulated. It was found that a stationary plasma accumulates on both sides of the junction, which peaks at the n-type side of the junction.
Complex permittivity measurement of optoelectronic substrates
- Author(s): D. Bourreau ; P. Guillon ; M. Chatard-Moulin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 22, Issue 7, p. 399 –400
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19860271
- Type: Article
- + Show details - Hide details
-
p.
399
–400
(2)
We propose and analyse new techniques to measure both transverse and longitudinal dielectric constants and the loss tangent of anisotropic dielectric samples usually used in integrated optics such as LiNbO3
Most viewed content for this Journal
Article
content/journals/el
Journal
5
Most cited content for this Journal
-
Extreme multistability in a memristive circuit
- Author(s): Bo-Cheng Bao ; Quan Xu ; Han Bao ; Mo Chen
- Type: Article
-
Absorptive frequency selective surface using parallel LC resonance
- Author(s): Qiang Chen ; Liguo Liu ; Liang Chen ; Jiajun Bai ; Yunqi Fu
- Type: Article
-
Partial spectral search-based DOA estimation method for co-prime linear arrays
- Author(s): Fenggang Sun ; Peng Lan ; Bin Gao
- Type: Article
-
Experimental verification of on-chip CMOS fractional-order capacitor emulators
- Author(s): G. Tsirimokou ; C. Psychalinos ; A.S. Elwakil ; K.N. Salama
- Type: Article
-
54 Gbit/s OOK transmission using single-mode VCSEL up to 2.2 km MMF
- Author(s): G. Stepniak ; A. Lewandowski ; J.R. Kropp ; N.N. Ledentsov ; V.A. Shchukin ; N. Ledentsov Jr. ; G. Schaefer ; M. Agustin ; J.P. Turkiewicz
- Type: Article
