Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 21, Issue 6, 14 March 1985
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Volume 21, Issue 6
14 March 1985
Measurement of field spectra of 1.3 μm InGaAsP DFB lasers
- Author(s): K. Kikuchi and T. Okoshi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 217 –218
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850153
- Type: Article
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–218
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Field spectra of 1.3 μm InGaAsP DFB lasers were measured for the first time using optical heterodyne detection. The lineshapes show very good agreement with theoretical curves given by four parameters which have been predicted by the FM noise measurement.
Disordering by Zn-diffusion of InGaAs/InAlAs MQW superlattice structure grown by MBE
- Author(s): Y. Kawamura ; H. Asahi ; A. Kohzen ; K. Wakita
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 218 –219
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850154
- Type: Article
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–219
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Disordering of MBE-grown InGaAs/InAlAs MQW (multiquantum well) superlattice structures by Zn-diffusion was studied for the first time. Optical measurements and sputtering Auger electron measurements revealed that the InGaAs/InAlAs MQW superlattice structure is easily disodered by Zn-diffusion. On the other hand, the MQW superlattice structure is stable against the thermal treatment up to 700°C.
600 MHz optical signal transmission at the 3 μm band using a fluoride optical fibre and a superconducting detector
- Author(s): Y. Enomoto ; Y. Ohishi ; S. Takahashi ; T. Murakami
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 219 –220
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850155
- Type: Article
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–220
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We have demonstrated operation of a transmission system at the 3 μm band. The system consists of a fluoride optical fibre, a superconducting BaPb1−xBixO3 (BPB) detector and a semiconductor Pb-salt diode laser. The low-level optical signal transmitted through the fibre is detected by the BPB detector up to 600 MHz. The observed results suggest that the BPB detector is suitable for use in infra-red optical transmission.
Photorefractive determination of the sign of photocarriers in InP and GaAs
- Author(s): A.M. Glass ; M.B. Klein ; G.C. Valley
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 220 –221
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850156
- Type: Article
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–221
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The sign of the majority photocarriers in semi-insulating iron-doped InP and undoped GaAs containing EL2 centres illuminated at 1.06 μm is unambiguously determined from the direction of beam coupling in a two-wave photorefractive mixing experiment previously applied to ferroelectric crystals. Majority photocarriers in these InP:Fe and GaAs:EL2 crystals are found to be electrons.
First-order SC filter section with interpolating output
- Author(s): S. Eriksson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 221 –222
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850157
- Type: Article
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–222
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A first-order switched-capacitor filter section with linear interpolation in the output signal is presented. The circuit, which is insensitive to parasitic capacitances, can be useful as a cascaded section in a filter, but may also be included as an output stage in, for example, leapfrog filters.
Threshold modelling of MOSFETs for CAD of CMOS-VLSI
- Author(s): G.T. Wright
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 223 –224
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850158
- Type: Article
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p.
223
–224
(2)
A simple model is proposed to describe threshold and weak-inversion operation of the enhancement-mode MOSFET. The model has been tested against two-dimensional numerical simulations and gives accurate descriptions of transistor characteristics. The model possesses continuity of current and derivatives and is suitable for the CAD of low-voltage low-power CMOS integrated circuits.
Leakage at low electric fields in thin oxides
- Author(s): D.A. Baglee and M.C. Smayling
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 224 –225
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850159
- Type: Article
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224
–225
(2)
Leakage currents at high electric fields in silicon dioxide films are known to be dominated by tunnelling from the conduction band of the silicon into the oxide conduction band. Little work has been reported on conduction at low electric fields and the effects of aging on this low-level mechanism. We report on the results of experiments indicating that low-field conduction in SiO2 may be of a Poole-Frenkel nature (i.e. a hopping mechanism).
New cut of quartz for SAW devices with extremely small temperature coefficient
- Author(s): Y. Shimizu and M. Tanaka
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 225 –226
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850160
- Type: Article
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–226
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A new cut of quartz for SAW devices was discovered by a leaky surface-wave mode. The temperature stability is extremely high and experimental temperature dependence of the phase delay change is within ±10 parts in 106 for the range from −20 to 80°C. The propagation loss is only 2.6×10−4 dB/λ.
Statistics of Rayleigh backscatter from a single-mode optical fibre
- Author(s): P. Healey
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 226 –228
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850161
- Type: Article
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–228
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The probability density function of the intensity of the Rayleigh backscatter signal from a single-mode optical fibre resulting from a short quasimonochromatic pulse excitation is derived for the first time. The result is used to explain the appearance of coherence noise in OTDR systems.
Effect of third-order dispersion of optical fibre on soliton interaction
- Author(s): P.L. Chu and C. Desem
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 228 –229
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850162
- Type: Article
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p.
228
–229
(2)
It is shown that the third-order dispersion of an optical fibre can be used to reduce the mutual interaction between solitons when the fibre is operated nonlinearly. This provides a means to improve the bandwidth of nonlinear fibre.
Monopulse angular accuracy for fluctuating targets
- Author(s): G. Fedele ; M. Orsini ; S. Strappaveccia
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 229 –231
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850163
- Type: Article
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–231
(3)
In radar applications, the monopulse technique is widely used to measure target angular co-ordinates. For non-fluctuating targets exhaustive studies and complete analyses on monopulse accuracy exist in the open literature. In the letter an extension of the theory for fluctuating targets is carried out and relevant results are shown for different radar detection parameters, i.e. probability of false alarm (Pfa) probability of detection (Pd) and signal/noise ratio (SNR).
Linewidth measurements of a 1.5 μm range DFB laser
- Author(s): M. Fujise and M. Ichikawa
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 231 –232
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850164
- Type: Article
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p.
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–232
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The linewidth of a 1.5 μm range DFB laser with a window region has been measured using Fabry-Perot interferometers. The linewidth was observed to increase linearly with inverse output power with a slope which approximately agreed with the theoretically calculated value. The full width at half maximum was estimated at 50 MHz at an output power of 1 mW.
On Lewin's theory of waveguide coupling by rectangular slots
- Author(s): T.K. Wah and M.K. Haldar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 232 –233
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850165
- Type: Article
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–233
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It is shown that Lewin's waveguide coupling formula, when suitably modified, is in good agreement with the results obtained by variational methods. The connection between the modified Lewin formula and the results of the Bethe-Cohn theory is pointed out. It is doubtful if Lewin's theory can be improved to yield the correct slot length for resonance.
Two counterexamples to Šiljak's conjecture
- Author(s): A.A.K. Hasan and M.A.K. Hasan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 233 –234
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850166
- Type: Article
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p.
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–234
(2)
Šiljak's conjecture concerning the existence of the positive-definite symmetric solution with non-negative elements of the matrix Lypunov equation is shown to be not true in the general case. Two counterexamples to it are given.
Controllable nonreciprocal optical phase shifter
- Author(s): L. Solymar and T. Wilson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 234 –235
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850167
- Type: Article
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p.
234
–235
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A device capable of producing a large nonreciprocal phase shift and made of photorefractive materials is proposed. The dependence of this phase shift on a number of parameters is derived using the theory of Kukhtarev et al. (1979).
New proposal for a high-speed high-resolution analogue/digital convertor with reduced component count
- Author(s): G. Steinbach and U. Langmann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 235 –236
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850168
- Type: Article
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p.
235
–236
(2)
A new analogue/digital convertor (ADC) architecture is proposed which is well suited to monolithic integration of high-speed high-resolution ADC systems. The new architecture uses a two-stage parallel-serial feedforward structure but replaces the conventional interstage digital/analogue convertor (DAC) with a distributed error amplifier. Circuit simulations predict an 8.4 ns cycle time (excluding sample-hold time requirements) for a 12-bit ADC integrated in an advanced 1 μm silicon bipolar technology.
Optical flip-flop
- Author(s): J.M. Liu and Y.C. Chen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 236 –238
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850169
- Type: Article
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–238
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The operation of a clocked optical S-R flip-flop, based on a polarisation-bistable semiconductor laser, is demonstrated.
Shunt-inductance-coupled waveguide filters with expanded second stopband
- Author(s): F. Arndt ; J. Bornemann ; C. Piontek ; H. Schüuler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 238 –239
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850170
- Type: Article
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238
–239
(2)
A computer-aided design is described for inductive iris and inductive double-strip coupled filters with increased-width resonator sections. The theory includes both the higher-order-mode interaction of all discontinuities and the finite thickness of the irises and inserts. The step-wall discontinuity effect is included in the optimisation process as an additional design parameter. Design examples for midband frequencies of about 11 and 16 GHz are given; the corresponding stop-band attenuation is higher than 50 dB, or 40 dB, up to 18.5 GHz, or 24.5 GHz, respectively.
20 GHz active mode-locking of a 1.55 μm InGaAsP laser
- Author(s): R.S. Tucker ; S.K. Korotky ; G. Eisenstein ; U. Koren ; L.W. Stulz ; J.J. Veselka
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 239 –240
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850171
- Type: Article
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239
–240
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Active mode-locking of a 1.55 μm wavelength InGaAsP laser at repetition rates up to 20 GHz is reported. The pulsewidth is 5 ps at 20 GHz, with a peak pulse power of 18 mW coupled into a single-mode output fibre.
CW operation of a cleaved-coupled-cavity array of phase-locked GaAlAs lasers
- Author(s): R.K. Defreez ; T.L. Paoli ; M. Bernstein ; R.D. Burnham
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 241 –242
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850172
- Type: Article
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p.
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–242
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Tunable single-longitudinal-mode operation has been obtained at power levels up to 50 mW from a continuously operating cleaved-coupled-cavity array of phase-locked diode lasers. In addition, conversion of a multilobed to a single-lobed radiation pattern was observed as a function of current supplied to the control segment of the coupled cavity.
Modulation-doped FET DCML comparator
- Author(s): J. Berenz ; K. Nakano ; T. Sato ; K. Fawcett
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 242 –243
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850173
- Type: Article
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p.
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–243
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A differential current mode logic (DCML) comparator has been inplemented with modulation-doped FET technology. The dynamic input/output hysteresis is low enough to realise a flash quantiser with up to 5-bit accuracy.
Polarisation holding in long-length polarising fibres
- Author(s): M.J. Marrone
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 244 –245
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850174
- Type: Article
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p.
244
–245
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The polarisation-holding ability of two long-length polarising fibres of different design is examined. Each polarising fibre exhibits a polarisation extinction ratio per unit length comparable to or better than that of the best corresponding polarisation-holding fibre. There is potential for further improvement in the performance of both polarising fibres by increasing the birefringence and/or the differential attenuation.
Fibre optic interferometer using integrated optics
- Author(s): P.-O. Andersson ; A. Persson ; L. Thyléen ; G. Edwall
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 245 –246
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850175
- Type: Article
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p.
245
–246
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A fibre optic Mach-Zehnder interferometer has been constructed using channel waveguides in LiNbO3 as splitters and combiners and integrating the phase-tracking component on the LiNbO3 device. The results are discussed and improvements are suggested.
Direct frequency modulation of a semiconductor laser by acoustic waves
- Author(s): P.A. Greenhalgh and P.A. Davies
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 246 –248
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850176
- Type: Article
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p.
246
–248
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Frequency modulated signals in the output of a semiconductor laser diode are generated by applying bulk acoustic waves to the device. The mechanism involved is discussed and theoretical and experimental results are compared.
All-fibre wavelength filters using concatenated fused-taper couplers
- Author(s): M.S. Yataki ; D.N. Payne ; M.P. Varnham
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 248 –249
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850177
- Type: Article
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p.
248
–249
(2)
Successive fused-taper couplers are proposed as all-fibre wavelength filters. A low-loss narrowband filter constructed from two overcoupled couplers is demonstrated.
All-fibre polarising beamsplitter
- Author(s): M.S. Yataki ; D.N. Payne ; M.P. Varnham
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 249 –251
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850178
- Type: Article
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p.
249
–251
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The first fibre equivalent of a polarising beamsplitter is reported. The device is based on a fused-taper fibre coupler. Separation of the orthogonally polarised components of the input light can be accomplished to better than 17 dB.
All-fibre polarisation splitter/combiner
- Author(s): T. Bricheno and V. Baker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 251 –252
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850179
- Type: Article
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p.
251
–252
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A single-mode optical fibre polarisation beam splitter/combiner has been fabricated from standard production fibre using a fused biconical taper technique. The operation of the device relies on form birefringence in the fused coupler.
Tandem switching characteristics for laser diode optical switches
- Author(s): M. Ikeda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 252 –254
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850180
- Type: Article
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p.
252
–254
(3)
The switching characteristics of three laser diode optical switch modules connected in tandem were measured. The measured isolation characteristics were coincident with the sum of the individual isolation characteristics. The transmitted optical pulse waveform was not distorted through the three connected LDSW modules.
High-efficiency Ka- and Ku-band MESFET oscillators
- Author(s): D.H. Evans
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 6, p. 254 –255
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850181
- Type: Article
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A relationship between GaAs MESFET oscillator efficiency and power and basic device characteristics is given. This has been confirmed by measurements on 16.8 and 28.5 GHz experimental designs, which have demonstrated efficiencies of 28 and 17.6%, respectively.
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