Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 21, Issue 12, 6 June 1985
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Volume 21, Issue 12
6 June 1985
Design of a wideband compact square waveguide polariser
- Author(s): F. Arndt ; W. Tucholke ; T. Wriedt
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 517 –518
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850365
- Type: Article
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The computer-optimised design of a compact exponentially profiled E-plane depth corrugated square waveguide polariser is described which achieves 90°±2° differential phase shift between the TE10- and TE01-wave for 11.8–12.5 GHz and 17.1–18.1 GHz. The input VSWR is better than 1.02 and 1.016 for the TE10- and TE01-wave incidences, respectively, between 10.3 and 18.8 GHz. The method of field expansion into suitable eigenmodes used considers the effect of higher-order mode interaction at all step discontinuities.
FSK heterodyne system experiments at 1.5 μm using a DFB laser transmitter
- Author(s): F. Mogensen ; T.G. Hodgkinson ; D.W. Smith
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 518 –519
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850366
- Type: Article
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140 and 70 Mbit/s FSK heterodyne system experiments are reported using single-filter detection with transmitter laser linewidths of 30 and 60 MHz. The system requirements that must be satisfied to avoid large performance penalties are considered.
Polarisation modulation in long couplers
- Author(s): J.D. Love and M. Hall
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 519 –521
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850367
- Type: Article
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A simple mathematical model of long tapered couplers shows that the modulation of the output power due to polarisation has a period which varies inversely with the square of wavelength. This prediction is in agreement with experimental measurements.
Low-threshold 1.3 μm GaInAsP/InP lasers grown by atmospheric-pressure MOVPE
- Author(s): B. Rose ; P. Devoldere ; A. Mircea ; D. Robein ; M. Trotte
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 521 –522
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850368
- Type: Article
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Room-temperature pulsed operation has been achieved at and below 1.3 μm for GaInAsP/InP lasers grown by atmospheric-pressure metalorganic vapour phase epitaxy. Thresholds as low as 1.0 kA/cm2 (for a cavity length of 1000 μm) have been obtained.
Transmission of 140 Mbit/s signals over single-mode fibre using surface- and edge-emitting 1.3 μm LEDs
- Author(s): P.W. Shumate ; J.L. Gimlett ; M. Stern ; M.B. Romeiser ; N.K. Cheung
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 522 –524
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850369
- Type: Article
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To assess whether LEDs could be used with single-mode fibre at high bit rates, 140 Mbit/s was transmitted over 4.5 and 22.5 km using surface and edge emitters, respectively.
Direct measurement of chromatic dispersion in single-mode fibres using streak camera
- Author(s): K. Mochizuki ; M. Fujise ; H. Suzuki ; M. Watanabe ; M. Koishi ; T. Tsuchiya
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 524 –525
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850370
- Type: Article
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For the first time the dispersion characteristics in a single-mode fibre in the 1 μm-wavelength region is directly measured using a streak camera with a synchroscan streak tube having an S-1 photocathode.
1.5 μm phase-shifted DFB laser by EBX and mass-transport technique
- Author(s): S. Koentjoro ; N. Eda ; K. Furuya ; Y. Suematsu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 525 –527
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850371
- Type: Article
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The phase-shifted DFB laser is fabricated by the electron-beam lithography and mass-transport technique. The reduction of threshold current and facet reflectivity was achieved by a one-step mass-transport process. Low threshold and stable single-mode operation was obtained. The effect of the phase shift was confirmed from the symmetrical subthreshold spectra.
Dependence of chirping on cavity separation in two-section coupled-cavity lasers
- Author(s): L.A. Coldren ; G.D. Boyd ; C.A. Burrus
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 527 –528
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850372
- Type: Article
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The dynamic linewidth of a C3 laser is measured as the gap width between the two cavities is varied. With the modulation applied only to one cavity, the chirping is largest for the gap which maximises spurious mode suppression. With the modulation split optimally between the two cavities, the chirp is smallest for this same gap.
Modelling frequency dependence of output impedance of a microwave MESFET at low frequencies
- Author(s): C. Camacho-Peñalosa and C.S. Aitchison
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 528 –529
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850373
- Type: Article
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Measurements showing the frequency dependence of MESFET drain impedance at low frequencies have been performed. A simple model which simulates this behaviour is also proposed.
Semiempirical expressions for solar cell fill factors
- Author(s): T. Easwarakhanthan ; L. Bouhouch ; J. Bottin ; P.H. Nguyen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 529 –530
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850374
- Type: Article
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Semiempirical expressions have been obtained with acceptable levels of accuracy for solar cell fill factors as a function of normalised voltages and normalised parasitic resistances. These expressions extend the fill factor calculations to cases where the parasitic resistances are equally important. Also established is a very accurate expression for the fill factor of an ideal solar cell.
Analogue four-quadrant CMOS multiplier with resistors
- Author(s): Z. Hong and H. Melchior
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 531 –532
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850375
- Type: Article
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The letter will present an integrated analogue four-quadrant multiplier with resistors in CMOS technology. This circuit has a large dynamic range over supply voltages and good linearity, with nonlinearity error less than 2% even when the input voltages are greater than half of the supply voltages.
Octave-bandwidth microwave FET doubler
- Author(s): R. Gilmore
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 532 –533
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850376
- Type: Article
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A microwave MESFET circuit which doubles the frequency of an input signal in the 4 to 8 GHz band is described. The circuit consists of a class C amplifier/phase-shifter combination followed by a single-stage band-reject amplifier. In the 8–16 GHz output band, an average conversion loss of 3 dB with fundamental rejection greater than 12 dB was achieved.
Fibre splices with ‘perfect fibre’ strengths of 5.5 GPa, v<0.01
- Author(s): J.T. Krause and C.R. Kurkjian
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 533 –535
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850377
- Type: Article
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Splices of single-mode fused silica fibre having strengths equivalent to that of the as-drawn fibre of ∼800 ksi (5.5 GPa) with a coefficient of variation v of <0.01 are produced by fusion splicing with an H2-Cl2-O2 flame. These results demonstrate that fused silica fibre can be reheated to fusion temperatures and retain original high strength. The results are statistically analysed with respect to variations in breaking load, fibre and splice diameter, and relative humidity.
Passive 3-branch optical power divider by K+-ion exchange in glass
- Author(s): M. Haruna ; M. Belanger ; G.L. Yip
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 535 –536
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850378
- Type: Article
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A passive 3-branch optical power divider by K+-ion exchange in a soda-lime glass substrate has been fabricated and characterised. The feasibility of control of power distribution by index modifications in the branches has been verified. Experimental results for equal power division are presented. They are in good agreement with those of theoretical design calculations.
94 GHz dielectric slab-line leaky-wave antenna
- Author(s): B. Huder
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 536 –538
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850379
- Type: Article
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A leaky-wave planar antenna for millimetre-wave frequencies is described using a dielectric slab line, fed by a slotted waveguide array. The radiation of the planar antenna is induced by line discontinuities such as metallic discs on the guide surface.
Role of Petermann's K-factor in semiconductor laser oscillators
- Author(s): J. Arnaud
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 538 –539
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850380
- Type: Article
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The theory presented indicates that when the active region of a semiconductor laser is very thin the linewidth enhancement factor differs significantly from Henry's 1 + α2 factor and can be reduced by a factor of 4. Petermann's K-factor may also play a role in the plane perpendicular to the junction.
Frequency dependence of source access resistance of heterojunction field-effect transistor
- Author(s): C. Versnaeyen ; A. Vanoverschelde ; A. Cappy ; G. Salmer ; M. Schortgen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 539 –541
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850381
- Type: Article
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The determination of the source resistance in a heterojunction field-effect transistor is investigated. Classical methods as well as zero drain-source impedance measurements give a frequency dependence of the equivalent access resistance. This effect is due to the particular configuration of the access zone which is constituted by the GaAlAs layer and the two-dimensional electron gas. It may be represented by a distributed circuit with the equivalent resistances of these layers and the heterojunction capacitance. The noise factor dependence on R5 is considered and comments on the influence of technological parameters of the structure are made.
Long-range 1.5 μm OTDR in a single-mode fibre using A D2 gas-in-glass laser (100 km) or a semiconductor laser (60 km)
- Author(s): J. Stone ; A.R. Chraplyvy ; B.L. Kasper
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 541 –542
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850382
- Type: Article
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We have observed Rayleigh backscatter in a single-mode fibre in optical time domain refiectometry at 1.56 μm wavelength to a range of 100 km using a D2 gas-in-glass laser, and to 60 km at 1.53 μm using an injection laser. The low-noise receiver used an InGaAs PIN photodiode and a FET-input operational amplifier with averaging of 1000 times to provide signal/noise enhancement.
FIR digital filters designed to a group-delay characteristic
- Author(s): E. Sharestani and L.G. Cuthbert
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 542 –544
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850383
- Type: Article
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In the letter a new design method for FIR digital filters is presented. This method considers designs specified in terms of the group delay rather than the phase characteristic, and it is shown by the results presented in the letter that this technique has certain advantages.
Novel technique for measurement of MOSFET threshold voltage at very low channel currents
- Author(s): G.C. Holmes
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 544 –545
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850384
- Type: Article
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A curve tracer reveals a low-level current ‘spike’ in the gate-source characteristic of enhancement-mode MOSFETs. The origin of this spike is explained, and its use in measuring the threshold voltage of any MOSFET at a vanishingly small channel current is described. The technique also identifies whether the MOSFET is n-channel or p-channel, enhancement-mode or depletion-mode.
SiO2/native double-gate InSb MOSFETs
- Author(s): T. Takahashi ; O. Sugiura ; I. Watanbe ; M. Matsumura
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 545 –547
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850385
- Type: Article
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An InSb MOS double-gate structure formed by a novel thermal oxidation method has been investigated. C/V characteristics showed a sharp change and no hysteresis. Both n-channel and p-channel MOSFETs have been successfully operated. The effective mobility at 77 K was approximately 7800 cm2/Vs for the n-channel and 300 cm2/Vs for the p-channel.
New synchronisation method for satellite-switched time-division multiple-access systems
- Author(s): L.K. Shark ; T.J. Terrell ; R.J. Simpson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 547 –548
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850386
- Type: Article
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A new synchronisation method for satellite-switched time-division multiple-access systems is described. It is shown that this method has some significant system benefits, and involves a small increase in satellite hardware complexity.
Design criterion for inclined planar radomes on radar corner reflectors used for spaceborne SAR calibration
- Author(s): K.M. Keen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, p. 548 –549
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850387
- Type: Article
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Larger corner reflector ground targets currently planned for spaceborne SAR calibration will require planar A-sandwich radome covers for weather protection and mechanical stability. The radomes must be inclined with respect to reflector apertures, however, to avoid scattering cross-section uncertainties in the target beam peak direction. A criterion for inclination angle is derived here.
Erratum: Stray-free switched-capacitor building block that realises delay, constant multiplier, or summer circuit
- Author(s): A.E. Said
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, page: 550 –550
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850388
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Digital lattice filters with reduced number of tap-multipliers
- Author(s): E. Watanabe and A. Nishihara
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 21, Issue 12, page: 550 –550
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19850389
- Type: Article
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