Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 20, Issue 8, 12 April 1984
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Volume 20, Issue 8
12 April 1984
Optical-fibre coupling to high-silica channel waveguides with fibre-guiding grooves
- Author(s): Y. Yamada ; M. Kawachi ; M. Yasu ; M. Kobayashi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 313 –314
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840212
- Type: Article
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–314
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A practical coupling technique between high-silica multimode channel waveguides and optical fibres has been demonstrated using guiding grooves formed simultaneously with waveguides on a substrate. The fibre-waveguide (15 mm long)-fibre insertion loss was 1.23 dB.
Monolithically integrated In0.53Ga0.47As-PIN/InP-MISFET photoreceiver
- Author(s): K. Kasahara ; J. Hayashi ; K. Makita ; K. Taguchi ; A. Suzuki ; H. Nomura ; S. Matushita
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 314 –315
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840213
- Type: Article
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–315
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In0.53Ga0.47As PIN photodiode and InP MISFET were monolithically integrated on an Fe-doped semi-insulating InP substrate. Photoreceiver sensitivities were measured at 100 Mbit/s NRZ pseudorandom signals.
Transmission loss of UV-curable silicone-coated optical fibre
- Author(s): T. Kimura and S. Sakaguchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 315 –317
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840214
- Type: Article
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–317
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Transmission characteristics of UV-curable silicone-coated optical fibre were investigated in relation to the elastic property and the chemical structure of the coating. It was found that added loss of the coated fibre is less than ±0.06 dB/km in the range −75 to 80°C. The infra-red loss increase of the UV-curable silicone-coated fibre was appreciably lower than that for thermally cured silicone-coated fibre at elevated temperatures.
Large-signal capabilities and analysis of distributed amplifiers
- Author(s): P. Gamand ; Y. Crosnier ; P. Gelin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 317 –319
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840215
- Type: Article
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–319
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In the letter experimental results are presented which show that distributed amplifiers can be used for power applications. These results are verified by comparing an analytic model predicted using SPICE 2 simulation with measurements between 0.3 and 12 GHz. It appears that a very broad band can be achieved and that the distributed amplifiers keep their self matching properties even under large-signal operation. Distributed-amplifier characteristics, under small-signal operations, are now well known.1−4 However, recent improvements in GaAs FET technology have created new prospects in large-signal and high-frequency conditions. To our knowledge, although some experimental results have been published3, no theoretical study has been carried out for large-signal conditions. The letter provides such a study.
Technique for elimination of polarisation fading in fibre interferometers
- Author(s): N.J. Frigo ; A. Dandridge ; A.B. Tveten
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 319 –320
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840216
- Type: Article
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p.
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–320
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A technique is described in which polarisation fading of the output of an interferometer is eliminated. The optical output of the interferometer is projected onto three (or more) polarisation states, detected and combined. The maximum variation in signal and in signal/noise ratio is 6 dB.
Superlattice optical-cavity multiple-quantum-well (SOC-MQW) lasers grown by molecular-beam epitaxy
- Author(s): H. Sakaki ; J. Yoshino ; Y. Sekiguchi ; K. Sakai
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 320 –321
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840217
- Type: Article
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–321
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A new-structure multiple-quantum-well laser utilising superlattice waveguides and superlattice barriers is proposed and fabricated by molecular-beam epitaxy using GaAs/AlGaAs. Room-temperature CW operation with a threshold current of 40 mA and external differential quantum efficiency per facet of 20% is demonstrated.
Performance of a two-link CPSK system incorporating direct phase regenerator with imperfect phase references
- Author(s): S. Salameh and A.G. Chapman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 322 –323
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840218
- Type: Article
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–323
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The letter analyses the performance of a two-link binary coherent phase-shift-keying (CPSK) communication system incorporating a direct phase regenerator (DPR) with imperfect carrier reference signals in the regenerator and the receiver. These references are extracted from the received signals by means of squaring loops. Additive Gaussian noise (AGN) is considered at the inputs of the DPR and the receiver.
1.55 μm OTDR for single-mode optical fibre longer than 110 km
- Author(s): M. Nakazawa ; M. Tokuda ; Y. Morishige ; H. Toratani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 323 –325
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840219
- Type: Article
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–325
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An optical time domain reflectometer for a single-mode optical fibre longer than 110 km has been newly demonstrated using a 1.55 μm Er3+: glass laser, a TeO2 acousto-optical directional coupler and a Ge avalanche photodiode.
Signal-processor-based digital filters having low sensitivity
- Author(s): A. Nishihara and M. Murakami
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 325 –326
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840220
- Type: Article
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–326
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New low-sensitivity second-order digital-filter structures are proposed which are suited for implementation on an integrated signal processor with an on-chip fast multiplier. The inherent parallelism in such a processor is utilised to design very low sensitivity digital filters without any remarkable decrease in the overall throughput.
Analysis of quarter-wave-shifted DFB laser
- Author(s): K. Utaka ; S. Akiba ; K. Sakai ; Y. Matsushima
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 326 –327
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840221
- Type: Article
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p.
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–327
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Wavelength selectivity of a quarter-wave-shifted DFB laser is analysed taking into account the effect of a mirror facet at the end of the corrugation. The structure with no reflection is found to be the most promising. The effect of a cleaved facet at an end is not serious as long as KL is as large as 3–5.
Loss increase in deuterium-doped VAD fibres with heat treatment
- Author(s): M. Nakahara ; Y. Ohmori ; H. Itoh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 327 –329
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840222
- Type: Article
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–329
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The origin of the increase in the intensity of OH bands with heat treatment has been investigated using deuterium-containing VAD fibres. Remarkable loss increases only in the absorption peaks due to the OH ions have been observed after 200–500°C heat treatment applied to three kinds of fibre: drawn from a preform prepared by a D2-O2 flame, and OD-doped in the core and in the cladding. It was confirmed that the origin of the hydrogen causing the loss increase is not in the synthesised glass materials.
Generation of constant-power curves for three-terminal coupled-cavity lasers
- Author(s): L.A. Coldren and R.G. Swartz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 329 –330
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840223
- Type: Article
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p.
329
–330
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Plots of the two cavity currents (I1, against I2) for constant output power provide a quick characterisation of two-section coupled-cavity lasers. Two possible circuits for creating such curves in near ‘real time’ are proposed and demonstrated. Optimum bias points and modulation algorithms can be obtained therefrom.
Phase error bounds of fibre gyro with imperfect polariser/depolariser
- Author(s): R.J. Fredricks and R. Ulrich
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 330 –332
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840224
- Type: Article
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p.
330
–332
(3)
In fibre-optic gyroscopes a drifting zero-offset due to changing fibre birefringence may be reduced by inserting a single-mode polarising filter and a depolariser. For a real gyro, in which these components and their alignment are imperfect, bounds are derived for the remaining zero-offset. A simple experimental procedure permits the measurement of that offset.
Analysis of Fresnel field of a subreflector by an optimal use of FFT
- Author(s): G. D'elia ; G. Leone ; R. Pierri
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 332 –334
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840225
- Type: Article
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p.
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–334
(3)
An iterative procedure based on pseudosampling is presented for the analysis of subreflector Fresnel fields on an arbitrary surface. The method improves the efficiency of the subreflector PO analysis which, today, is the only available technique for dichroic surfaces. The procedure retains all the advantages of the pseudosampling technique with respect to the computer time, mainly for multifeed illuminations and complex geometries.
60 GHz monolithic GaAs front-end circuit for receiver applications
- Author(s): G.K. Barker ; M.H. Badawi ; J. Mun
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 334 –335
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840226
- Type: Article
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p.
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–335
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A millimetre-wave planar mixer diode compatible with GaAs MESFET based integrated circuit fabrication has been developed. Selective ion implantation was used to optimise the diode and FET doping profiles. A novel feature reported here is the use of a deep implanted buried n+ layer to minimise diode series resistance, yielding diode cutoff frequencies in excess of 500 GHz. Monolithic balanced mixer diodes integrated with an MESFET IF amplifier fabricated by this technique have given 5dB conversion loss at 60 GHz.
Comment: System reduction by Cauer continued-fraction expansion about s = a and s = ∞ alternately
- Author(s): T.N. Lucas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 335 –336
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840227
- Type: Article
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–336
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Reply: Comment on system reduction by Cauer continued-fraction expansion about s = a and s = ∞ alternately
- Author(s): V. Sreeram
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 336 –337
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840228
- Type: Article
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p.
336
–337
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Analysis of the helix as an RF applicator for hyperthermia
- Author(s): M.J. Hagmann and R.L. Levin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 337 –338
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840229
- Type: Article
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p.
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–338
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A coaxially layered bone-muscle-fat-skin model of the human upper arm has been used to analyse the helix as an indicator for RF hyperthermia. Calculated values of wave-length for propagation in the system agree well with experimental results. Optimisation of the applicator is discussed.
New approach to splice-loss monitoring using long-range OTDR
- Author(s): M.P. Gold ; A.H. Hartog ; D.N. Payne
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 338 –340
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840230
- Type: Article
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p.
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–340
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Absolute splice-loss measurements on single-mode optical fibre are performed from one cable end only using specially developed long-range OTDR equipment in conjunction with a reflector at the far end of the fibre. Active splice-alignment with single-mode OTDR is also demonstrated.
Gap problem in king-middleton second-order theory for dipole admittance calculations
- Author(s): K.H. Lau
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 340 –342
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840231
- Type: Article
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p.
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–342
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The ‘gap problem’ associated with the King-Middleton second-order theory has been solved by King et al. The empirically determined susceptance values of the knife-edge capacitance as given in Reference 1 were found to be reliable for thin dipoles, but not for thicker ones. The cause of this imperfection is determined and a table of the corrected values included in this letter.
New method of far-field reconstruction from Fresnel field
- Author(s): G. D'elia ; G. Leone ; R. Pierri ; G. Schirinzi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 342 –343
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840232
- Type: Article
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p.
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–343
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The letter is concerned with the near-field/far-field transformation based on the pseudosampling representations of fields. In the Fresnel small-angle approximation the present procedure allows the far-field reconstruction from near-field samples without requiring a matrix inversion. The approach drastically reduces the storage requirements of the method.
Generation of 4 ps light pulses from directly modulated V-groove lasers
- Author(s): D. Bimberg ; K. Ketterer ; H.E. Schöll ; H.P. Vollmer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 343 –345
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840233
- Type: Article
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–345
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4 ps light pulses at repetition rates up to 10 MHz with an output power of some milliwatts are generated at 840 nm by directly modulating commercial GaAlAs V-groove lasers by specially designed avalanche generators. The pulses are measured using an ultrafast streak camera and present the fastest light pulses obtained until now by direct modulation of a semiconductor laser. The avalanche generators produce pulses of 125–200 ps FWHM with voltages up to 25 and 38 V, respectively.
Pyramidal horns at 460 GHz
- Author(s): G.A. Ediss
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, page: 345 –345
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840234
- Type: Article
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Calculations and measurements of the beam patterns of pyramidal horns at 460 GHz are given. The calculated patterns show excellent agreement with experimental results.
Effective refractive index and range of monomode operation for W-fibres
- Author(s): C.D. Hussey and F. de Fornel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 346 –347
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840235
- Type: Article
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p.
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–347
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Through the concept of ‘the effective refractive index’ of a step-index W-fibre, we can define, in a very simple manner, lower bounds on the normalised cutoff frequencies of the fundamental and second modes of that particular fibre. This allows us to specify the ‘normalised range of monomode operation’ which for most W-fibres has a constant value of 1.427.
Improved implementation of FFT algorithm on a high-performance processor
- Author(s): S.M. Said and K.R. Dimond
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 347 –349
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840236
- Type: Article
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–349
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The letter demonstrates an FFT algorithm implemented on the 68000 microprocessor that can calculate a 256-point transform in less than 48 ms. The algorithm employs an interesting method of scaling data to overcome overflow.
Simple way to understand the behaviour of an optical y junction
- Author(s): C.G. Someda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 349 –350
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840237
- Type: Article
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p.
349
–350
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The behaviour of an optical y-junction can be described qualitatively in terms of elementary aperture-antenna theory. It is then straightforward to understand why an odd-symmetry field is radiated into the substrate and an even-symmetry field cannot be transmitted without any loss.
Intercavity coupling gap width dependence in coupled-cavity lasers
- Author(s): L.A. Coldren ; T.L. Koch ; C.A. Burrus ; R.G. Swartz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 350 –352
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840238
- Type: Article
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p.
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–352
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The width of the intercavity coupling gap between the sections of a coupled-cavity laser is important in determining laser performance. The effects of the gap width on spurious mode suppression, threshold currents, differential quantum efficiency and optimum ratios of drive currents are measured experimentally and compared with theoretical predictions.
Extended precision in video-bandwidth analogue/digital convertors using optical techniques
- Author(s): H.F. Taylor
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 352 –353
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840239
- Type: Article
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p.
352
–353
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A new design for analogue/digital convertors (ADCs) which make use of electro-optic modulators and optical sampling in conjunction with conventional electronic ADCs is proposed. By taking advantage of the periodic response characteristic of the optical modulators, a significant increase in precision over purely electronic conversion is expected.
High-speed low-loss low-drive-power travelling-wave optical modulator for λ = 1.32 μm
- Author(s): R.C. Alferness ; S.K. Korotky ; L.L. Buhl ; M.D. Divino
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 354 –355
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840240
- Type: Article
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We report a Ti: LiNbO3 travelling-wave optical switch/modulator for λ = 1.32 μm that requires only 4.5 V to switch, has ∼5.5 GHz bandwidth, a power per bandwidth figure of merit of 10.9 mW/GHz and a fibre-device-fibre insertion loss of only −2.3 dB.
New 1B2B line code for digital fibre optic transmission systems
- Author(s): P. Radev and G. Stoyanov
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, p. 355 –356
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840241
- Type: Article
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–356
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A new 1B2B line code with the same power spectrum as that of the Miller code, but providing more level transitions, simple encoding rules, lower error multiplication and simple means for in-service error monitoring, is proposed.
Erratum: Novel application of generalised current conveyor
- Author(s): R. Senani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, page: 356 –356
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840242
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Processing of InP MIS devices monitored via photoluminescence measurements
- Author(s): S. Krawczyk ; B. Bailly ; B. Sautreuil ; R. Blanchet ; P. Viktorovitch
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 8, page: 356 –356
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840243
- Type: Article
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