Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 20, Issue 20, 27 September 1984
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Volume 20, Issue 20
27 September 1984
Accurate estimation of single-mode-fibre characteristics from near-field measurements
- Author(s): E.K. Sharma and R. Tewari
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 805 –806
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840547
- Type: Article
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–806
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We propose a simple procedure to process data from a near-field measurement to obtain accurately an appropriately defined ‘spot size’ in single-mode fibres and hence estimate almost all the relevant fibre characteristics like dispersion, splice loss and microbending loss.
Modified single-phase LPE technique for In1−xGaxAs1−yPy laser structures
- Author(s): W.A. Nordland ; R.F. Kazarinov ; F.R. Merritt ; A. Savage ; W.A. Bonner
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 806 –808
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840548
- Type: Article
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–808
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A modified single-phase technique for growth of epitaxial layers of the quaternary compound, In1−xGaxAs1−yPy has been used to fabricate high-quality laser structures in the 1.3 and 1.55 μm-wavelength range. This method permits the concentration of small amounts of phosphorus in the InGa:As melt to be maintained accurately and independent of the history of the graphite boat. Growth of planar structures having small variations in wavelength and uniformity in layer thickness of the order of hundreds of ångströms was easily repeatable. Laser structures, in addition, had low values for threshold current density and gave high yields for both the 1.3 and 1.55 μm wavelength ranges.
Ge APD/GaAs FET/op-amp transimpedance optical receiver design having minimum noise and intersymbol interference characteristics
- Author(s): S.D. Walker and L.C. Blank
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 808 –809
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840549
- Type: Article
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–809
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The recent commercial availability of broadband linear-phase operational amplifiers has allowed a new high-bit-rate transimpedance optical receiver design to be realised. This design allows the convenient optimisation of the receiver frequency response for minimum noise and intersymbol interference. Practical sensitivities of −49.3 dBm (70% QE) at 140 Mbit/s and 1.52 μm have been routinely achieved using packaged components and 30 μm-diameter Ge p+n APDs.
Intermodal injection locking of semiconductor lasers
- Author(s): L. Goldberg ; H.F. Taylor ; J.F. Weller
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 809 –811
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840550
- Type: Article
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Injection locking of a GaAlAs laser by coupling into non-lasing Fabry-Perot modes is described. Locking of a slave laser mode as far as 22 mode spacings (60 Å) away from the gain curve centre is obtained. The dependence of the locking bandwidth on the injected power and the wavelength separation between the free-running and injected mode (Δλ) is described. The dependence of the power required for locking on the magnitude of Δλ is consistent with a 192 Å-wide quadratic gain profile.
High-power CO laser transmission through As-S glass fibres
- Author(s): T. Hattori ; S. Sato ; T. Fujioka ; S. Takahashi ; T. Kanamori
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 811 –812
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840551
- Type: Article
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–812
(2)
In the letter we experimentally demonstrate high-power CO laser transmission through As-S glass fibres. The maximum transmitted laser power reaches about 40 W with a 420 cm-long 1000 μm-diameter fibre. In this case no damage is observed in the fibre. Calculating from the damage threshold power intensity of 10.0 kW/cm2, it appears possible to transmit a power of up to about 80 W with a 1000 μm-diameter fibre.
High-gain In0.53Ga0.47As:Fe photoconductive detectors
- Author(s): M.V. Rao and P.K. Bhattacharya
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 812 –813
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840552
- Type: Article
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–813
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Photoconductive detectors were fabricated on semi-insulating liquid phase epitaxial In0.53Ga0.47As/InP doped with Fe for the first time. Their performance characteristics have been compared with identical devices made from Zn-doped p-In0.53Ga0.47As/InP. Internal optical gains up to 10 were measured in the Fe-doped devices. The bias and intensity-dependent gain characteristics of these devices are discussed.
Relationship between CPA and XPD due to multipath effects on microwave LOS links
- Author(s): E. Costa
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 814 –815
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840553
- Type: Article
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p.
814
–815
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Results of the combination of a ray-tracing computer model with measured refractive-index vertical profiles to study the relationship between copolar attenuation and crosspolar discrimination due to multipath effects on LOS frequency-reuse microwave links are reported. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by direct measurements.
New technique for timing recovery
- Author(s): P.S. Henry and A.R. Mccormick
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 815 –816
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840554
- Type: Article
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We describe a simple, new timing recovery technique in which an antiparallel diode pair is used to detect the phase difference between a data stream and a locally generated timing wave. Our 274 Mbit/s demonstration circuit provides dependable synchronisation even when the input signal/noise ratio is only 6 dB.
Nonlinear oscillations in nonperiodic sampling systems
- Author(s): J.C. Soto and M. de la Sen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 816 –818
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840555
- Type: Article
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–818
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The existence of nonlinear oscillations in adaptive sampling systems has been studied experimentally. The interpretation of the existence of such oscillations is made from a special hysteresis nonlinear model which describes the adaptive sampling process in an exact way. A design method of the adaptive sampling criterion is proposed to improve the steady-state system response.
Direct electro-optic sampling of transmission-line signals propagating on a GaAs substrate
- Author(s): B.H. Kolner and D.M. Bloom
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 818 –819
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840556
- Type: Article
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–819
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We report a new picosecond electro-optic sampling probe suitable for noncontact electronic characterisation of high-speed monolithic GaAs integrated circuits.
Low-loss SAW filter using internal reflection types of single-phase unidirectional transducer
- Author(s): K. Yamanouchi and H. Furuyashiki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 819 –821
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840557
- Type: Article
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p.
819
–821
(3)
A new single-phase unidirectional transducer utilising the difference between excitation and reflection positions caused by the change of the electromechanical coupling coefficient within a half or one wavelength is described.
Noise characteristics of high-frequency superposed laser diodes for optical disc systems
- Author(s): A. Ohishi ; N. Chinone ; M. Ojima ; A. Arimoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 821 –822
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840558
- Type: Article
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p.
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Excess noise peaks in an index-guided single-mode laser can be suppressed by superposing high-frequency current. By this method, index-guided lasers have stable noise characteristics and the noise level is about 7–12 dB lower than that in gain-guided multimode lasers at output power of about 3 to 5 mW.
Design of a microwave PIN diode complex weight circuit
- Author(s): Y.C. Cheah and F.J. Paoloni
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 822 –824
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840559
- Type: Article
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p.
822
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The letter describes a simple PIN diode circuit which is capable of producing amplitude and phase weighting at X-band frequencies with relatively high definition. The device consists of a pair of variable attenuators and one bit 180° phase shifters which enables the selection of weights for all four quadrants of the complex plane. The design circumvents the need of a highly nonlinear direct current control circuit for the PIN diodes so that it can be readily interfaced with the standard microprocessor hardware.
Distinguishing between types of hidden objects using an FMCW radar
- Author(s): G.A. Farmer ; L.G. Cuthbert ; A.D. Olver ; A.Z. Botros
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 824 –825
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840560
- Type: Article
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p.
824
–825
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The letter describes new work on the use of shape information from the target returns obtained from an FMCW radar used to detect hidden objects. The ultimate aim is to be able to identify, rather than just detect, hidden objects. Although the research work described is in a very early stage the technique can be used to distinguish between different types of simple object.
Accurate hybrid-mode approach for computing modes in three-line coupled microstrip structure in overlaid configuration
- Author(s): B.J. Janiczak
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 825 –826
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840561
- Type: Article
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The behaviour of guided modes in three-line coupled micro-strip configuration with a dielectric overlay is examined by the spectral-domain technique. It is shown that by use of an additional substrate layer of adequate dielectric permittivity the phase velocities of three fundamental modes can be made nearly equal. Then a pattern of a six-port microstrip coupler is shown to illustrate theoretically proved results.
Semiconductor laser lineshape and parameter determination from fringe visibility measurements
- Author(s): E. Eichen and P. Melman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 826 –828
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840562
- Type: Article
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The field autocorrelation function of single-mode 1.3 μm InGaAsP lasers has been measured using a Michelson interferometer. Comparison with theory for semiconductor laser line broadening yields the relaxation oscillation frequency, its damping rate and the linewidth broadening factor. A comparison with other techniques for lineshape measurement is presented.
Mixed-mode sampling and error estimation in digital wattmeters
- Author(s): F. Filicori ; G. Iuculano ; D. Mirri
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 828 –829
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840563
- Type: Article
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The problem of estimating the error due to the discrete-time approximation in sampling digital wattmeters is dealt with. The complementary characteristics of two different sampling strategies, based on equally spaced or randomly generated sampling instants, are discussed. A mixed-mode sampling strategy, which can also provide an estimate of the error, is proposed.
4 GHz MSI 10-stage Johnson counter using super self-aligned process technology
- Author(s): M. Suzuki ; H. Ichino ; S. Konaka ; N. Yoshikai
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 829 –831
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840564
- Type: Article
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A medium-scale integrated 10-stage Johnson counter with ECL compatibility has been developed for high-speed optical fibre transmission system applications. It uses an advanced super self-aligned process technology (SST). Maximum operation speed is achieved 4.05 GHz under 814 mW power dissipation.
Coherent pulse generation by active modelocking of a GaAlAs laser in a Selfoc lens extended resonator
- Author(s): T.E. Dimmick ; P.-T. Ho ; G.L. Burdge
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 831 –833
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840565
- Type: Article
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–833
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Coherent transform-limited picosecond pulses have been generated with a GaAlAs laser in a Selfoc lens extended resonator. The Selfoc lens forms a high-Q resonator which is compact and mechanically stable. The spatial profile of the output beam is Gaussian with an aspect ratio near unity.
Calculation of coherent attenuation at millimetre-wave frequencies
- Author(s): A.R. Holt ; S.A.J. Upton ; D.H.O. Bebbington
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 833 –834
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840566
- Type: Article
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–834
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A formula is presented which enables the coherent attenuation due to rain to be calculated at any millimetre-wave frequency for any drop-size distribution. A method of scaling amplitudes for spherical drops to obtain amplitudes for horizontal polarisation incident on spheroidal drops is also presented.
Wavelength-division-multiplexing in the 1.5 μm window: an installed link
- Author(s): A. Leboutet ; R. Auffret ; G. Claveau ; M. Guibert ; J. Moalic ; L. Pophillat ; Y. Sorel ; A. Tromeur
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 834 –836
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840567
- Type: Article
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A wavelength-multiplexed link in the 1.55 μm window has been installed in France. A 565 Mbit/s ASK channel at 1520 nm is multiplexed with a 1560 nm video SFM channel. It demonstrates the successful operation of the laser spectrum linewidth reduction by external cavity and wavelength demultiplexing by the STIMAX technology.
Electronic funds transfer security: a network-optimised approach
- Author(s): S.C. Serpell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 836 –838
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840568
- Type: Article
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A network-optimised approach to electronic funds transfer at point-of-sale is described which gives excellent system flexibility, growth capacity and cryptographic operation. End-to-end cryptographic security techniques are examplified for illustrative message protocols and PIN verification strategies.
GaAs/LB film MISS switching device
- Author(s): N.J. Thomas ; M.C. Petty ; G.G. Roberts ; H.Y. Hall
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 838 –839
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840569
- Type: Article
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MISS switches incorporating Langmuir-Blodgett films as insulating layers are reported for the first time. Devices fabricated using n on p+ GaAs and including a 9 nm-thick ω-tricosenoic acid insulating layer are shown to possess good characteristics. The results indicate that switching occurs due to a ‘punch-through’ mechanism.
Exact design of highpass switched-capacitor filters of the LDI type
- Author(s): J.T. Taylor and J. Mavor
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 839 –841
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840570
- Type: Article
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The letter presents a technique by means of which stray-insensitive SC highpass ladder filters may be designed without the need for network synthesis. The starting point is a unit-element cascade (i.e. lowpass prototype from which the corresponding highpass filter is obtained by direct frequency transformation.
Fibre strain induced during heat cycle in liquid-crystal polyester-jacket optical fibre
- Author(s): Y. Shuto ; F. Yamamoto ; S. Yamakawa
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 841 –842
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840571
- Type: Article
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841
–842
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The fibre strain change for an oriented liquid-crystal polyester-jacket optical fibre has been examined over the temperature range 20 to 120°C. Because of the low linear expansion coefficient and the absence of orientation release, the fibre strain change during the heat cycle is very slight, and accordingly no microbending loss is induced.
Temporal and spectral characteristics of single-longitudinal-mode short-coupled-cavity (SCC) InGaAsP lasers under multigigahertz direct modulation
- Author(s): Chinlon Lin ; G. Eisenstein ; C.A. Burrus ; R.S. Tucker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 842 –844
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840572
- Type: Article
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Temporal and spectral characteristics of single-longitudinal-mode short-coupled cavity (SCC) InGaAsP injection lasers in the 1.5 μm wavelength range under high-frequency (1–7.5 GHz) direct modulation are reported. The effects of modulation on the spectral broadening and chirping of the longitudinal modes were studied. Predominantly single-longitudinal-mode operation under direct high-frequency modulation was achieved by compromising the on/off ratio.
Comment: Stray-free switched-capacitor unit-delay circuit
- Author(s): H.C. Patangia
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, page: 844 –844
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840573
- Type: Article
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Controlled generation of optical pulse trains by double-contacted GaAs laser diodes
- Author(s): M. Honsberg
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 844 –846
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840574
- Type: Article
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Self sustained trains of light pulses shorter than 90 ps and with repetition rates up to 1.3 GHz have been generated by double-contacted laser diodes. The repetition rate of the optical pulses depends on both bias currents, whereby the sensitivity to the absorber current is much higher. Synchronisation and possible digital modulation of the optical pulse trains is demonstrated.
Special cases of Fliege's complementary transformation for multiamplifier networks
- Author(s): J.K. Stevenson and D.G. Haigh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 20, Issue 20, p. 846 –847
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19840575
- Type: Article
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Fliege's complementary transformation preserves the denominator of a network's voltage transfer ratio but does not predict the numerator, which has to be determined by analysis. A special case of this transformation has already been published, for which the new numerator is given directly and for which the initial network is composed of two admittances plus a general subnetwork linked to an operational amplifier. The letter presents additional special cases of Fliege's transformation for which the new numerator is also given directly, but the initial network is now composed of two general subnetworks, each of which is linked to an operational amplifier.
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