Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 2, Issue 6, June 1966
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Volume 2, Issue 6
June 1966
M.O.S. transistor as a 4-terminal device
- Author(s): R.S.C. Cobbold
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 189 –190
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660159
- Type: Article
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Taking account of the bulk charge and a finite substrate-source e.m.f., expressions are derived for the substrate and gate transconductances of a metal-oxide-semiconductor (m.o.s.) transistor. Comparison with experimental results indicates some discrepancies, but these appear to be no greater than would be expected of a first-order theory. A brief discussion of the factors affecting the substrate transconductance is given.
Temperature effects in m.o.s. transistors
- Author(s): R.S.C. Cobbold
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 190 –191
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660160
- Type: Article
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The effects of temperature on m.o.s. transistors, operated in the pinchoff mode under constant-current conditions, are examined. A theoretical derivation, which accounts for interface and substrate conditions, is presented for the temperature coefficient of the gate-source voltage. Experimental measurements on both n- and pchannel silicon m.o.s. transistors are compared with theory.
Remotely actuated solid-state switch
- Author(s): C. Weller
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 191 –192
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660161
- Type: Article
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The desirability of remotely switching electronic circuits implanted within the body is explained, and the properties of a suitable switch are listed. The circuit details of a solid-state device developed for an implantable transmitter and consisting essentially of a complementary pair of transistors are given.
Spectral-noise characteristics of neon–argon glow-discharge tubes
- Author(s): K. Barker and F.A. Benson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 193 –194
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660162
- Type: Article
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–194
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A study has been made of spectral-noise voltage and current characteristics of glow-discharge tubes containing neon–argon mixtures at several pressures. The results are discussed with reference to previous investigations on impedance/frequency characteristics and are compared with spectral-noise curves for pure-neon tubes.
Nonuniform motion of high-field domains in the Gunn effect
- Author(s): J.E. Carroll
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 194 –195
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660163
- Type: Article
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In recent publications, rules have been established for obtaining the properties of the high-field domain traversing in a steady state across Gunn diodes. This letter shows that these steady-state properties cannot be reconciled with the formation stage of the domain without some extension of the theory to include the non-steady-state domain. This letter provides the necessary extension of these rules and concludes with a qualitative account of the domain dynamics from the formation stage up to equilibrium.
Novel analysis of pulse propagation on nonlinear delay lines
- Author(s): F.A. Benson and J.D. Last
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 195 –196
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660164
- Type: Article
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–196
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A rigorous method of analysis recently proposed for the nonlinear-transmission-line harmonic generator is applied to the propagation of pulse waveforms on a nonlinear delay line. Experimental voltage/time waveforms are compared with theoretical predictions.
Almost sure stability of linear stochastic systems
- Author(s): P.K.C. Wang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 196 –197
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660165
- Type: Article
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Computational procedure for the sensitivity of an eigenvalue
- Author(s): B.S. Morgan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 197 –198
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660166
- Type: Article
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–198
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An easily computable formula is given for calculating the sensitivity of an eigenvalue to changes in the matrix. This formula depends only on the eigenvalue of interest, the matrix and the changes in the matrix.
Coaxial terminations for use as low-temperature noise-reference sources
- Author(s): T.F. Howell and C. Field
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 198 –199
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660167
- Type: Article
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–199
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A description is given of a microwave coaxial termination which has a v.s.w.r. less than 1.05 relative to 50 Ω from ambient to liquid-helium temperatures.
Terminal admittance of a thin biconical antenna in an isotropic compressible plasma
- Author(s): J.W. Carlin and R. Mittra
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 199 –201
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660168
- Type: Article
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An exact expression has been derived for the terminal admittance of a thin biconical antenna in an isotropic compressible plasma. It is assumed that the ion sheath is a sphere whose radius is equal to the halflength of the antenna.
Gyrator realisation
- Author(s): M.S. Vasudeva
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 201 –202
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660169
- Type: Article
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A new gyrator realisation is presented, which is a simplified version of a circuit published previously. Experimental results are included.
Demodulator for pal television signals with delay lines after the synchronous demodulator
- Author(s): G. Krause
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 202 –203
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660170
- Type: Article
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–203
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A PAL demodulator which has a delay line after each synchronous demodulator is described. The error of the delay lines can be much greater, and their bandwidth can be smaller, than in the existing PAL demodulator.
Pseudorandom rectangular scan system with uniform frame density
- Author(s): G. Palmieri and E. Wanke
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 203 –204
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660171
- Type: Article
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A new method for pseudorandom scanning of a rectangular frame is described. The system employs feedback shift registers and reversible counters. The scanning density is uniform over the whole area. The scan path is a dotted line that can be changed from relatively smooth to more warped configurations. The periodicity of this pseudorandom line can be made as long as desired and can be repeated starting from any preselected initial condition.
Change of loss-free natural frequencies due to capacitor addition
- Author(s): P.I. Somlo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 204 –204
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660172
- Type: Article
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An alternate proof to a previous communication is given to show that the addition of passive capacitors to a passive LC structure cannot increase the natural frequencies of the structure.
Exact evaluation of responses of control systems with time delay
- Author(s): J.K.C. Chung and D.P. Atherton
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 205 –206
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660173
- Type: Article
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–206
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A method is formulated for the rapid evaluation of the response of a feedback control system with time delay to a deterministic input. The solution is obtained analytically from that of an auxiliary system without time delay. The method is exact and is generally applicable to all linear systems with constant coefficients.
Numerical inversion of the Laplace transform
- Author(s): N. Mullineux and J.R. Reed
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 206 –207
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660174
- Type: Article
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–207
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In the numerical evaluation of the inverse Laplace transform, the result is marred by Gibbs oscillations in the same way as the inverse complex Fourier transform. Attention is drawn to means by which the representation can be improved and the numerical work eased.
Small-signal admittance of a Gunn-effect device
- Author(s): G.S. Hobson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 207 –208
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660175
- Type: Article
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–208
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A small-signal equivalent circuit of a Gunn-effect device is deduced from a simple model. Preliminary measurements substantiate this equivalent circuit. The results are used to calculate the small-signal admittance of a 1Ωcm GaAs Gunn-effect device at 10 Gc/s.
Behaviour of m.o.s. structures under X ray irradiation
- Author(s): G. Giralt ; B. Andre ; J. Simonne ; D. Esteve
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 209 –210
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660176
- Type: Article
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Experiments on m.o.s. structures when irradiated by X rays involve distributions of positive charges in the dielectric layer. As an interpretation of the results, including the curing of irradiated devices by annealing, we propose ionic-charge motions in the oxidised silicon, depending on the sense of the applied electric field.
Surface waves on a grounded anisotropic plasma slab
- Author(s): S.R. Seshadri and G.H. Owyang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 210 –212
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660177
- Type: Article
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–212
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The dispersion relations of the plane surface waves supported by a grounded magnetoplasma slab immersed in free space are discussed for the case in which the magnetostatic field is parallel to both the direction of propagation and the vacuum-plasma interface. The dependence of the surface-wave characteristics on the thickness of the plasma slab and the strength of the magnetostatic field is also examined.
Comment on ‘Active all-pass filter using a differential operational amplifier’
- Author(s): F. Butler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 212 –212
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660178
- Type: Article
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Dimensions of the variance of a rate
- Author(s): D.A. Bell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 212 –213
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660179
- Type: Article
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–213
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Cadmium sulphide ultrasonic transducers
- Author(s): R.W. Gibson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 213 –213
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660180
- Type: Article
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Thin films of cadmium sulphide are known to form useful ultrasonic transducers in the approximate frequency range 10 Mc/s to 70 Gc/s. This letter shows how, by correct orientation of the crystalline axes, mixed or pure modes of vibration can be obtained.
Variable-frequency spin-echo spectrograph for the study of nuclear relaxation in ferromagnetic materials
- Author(s): J.N. Aubrun and Khoi Le Dang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 214 –215
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660181
- Type: Article
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The distinctive features of the tuned spin-echo spectrograph described here are high sensitivity, simple Operation and frequency variation throughout the range 20–80 Mc/s, which can be extended up to 220 Mc/s by a very simple heterodyne process.
Bessel Ktransform of order zero of (sin ax)/x3/2
- Author(s): C.A. Siocos
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 215 –215
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660182
- Type: Article
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A closed-form expression, not presently found in published lists of transforms or handbooks of definite integrals, is given for the transform in the title.
Resonant-circuit operation of Gunn diodes: a self-pumped parametric oscillator
- Author(s): J.E. Carroll
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 215 –216
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660183
- Type: Article
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Theory and experiments are reported which show that a key to understanding the resonant-circuit behaviour of a Gunn diode lies in the impedance presented to the diode at the second harmonic of oscillation. This leads to an interpretation of the device as a parametric oscillator, and allows one to develop useful microwave circuits with an octave continuous-tuning range.
Study of secondary breakdown in transistors
- Author(s): D. Domingues Novo and M. Corazza
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 217 –218
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660184
- Type: Article
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As a first step in the discussion on theories of secondary breakdown, an experimental setup to test transistors is described. Its essential characteristic is the application of constant collector current and power, with the possibility of applying any desired collector-current waveform. A safety circuit protects transistors from destruction during the tests and enables many tests with the same sample.
Comparison of common-emitter antisaturation-feedback circuits
- Author(s): D.J. Grover
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 218 –219
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660185
- Type: Article
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–219
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The relative circuit gain of two configurations of common-emitter antisaturation-feedback circuit is derived as a function of circuit parameters.
Equations for wave propagation in an inhomogeneous compressible plasma
- Author(s): R. Burman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 219 –220
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660186
- Type: Article
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In a recent letter, Felsen considered the propagation of coupled electromagnetic and electroacoustic waves in a planar-stratified compressible electron plasma. Some first- and second-order coupled-wave equations were obtained. The purpose of this letter is to present some alternative first-order equations.
New method of providing coupling between resonators in an electromechanical filter
- Author(s): M. Redwood and N.H.C. Reilly
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 220 –222
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660187
- Type: Article
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A piezoelectric resonator may possess a resonant mode in which an evanescent wave exists in the material outside the electroded region. The theoretical results presented here demonstrate that two or more such regions may be coupled in a manner suitable for application to an electromechanical filter operating at frequencies in the megacycles-per-second range.
Testing transition scattering in shaft digitisers
- Author(s): K.E. Neisig
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 222 –222
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660188
- Type: Article
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The letter describes a method for testing transition errors in shaft digitisers. Although this type of error is normally accepted as being Gaussian-distributed, It may be of interest, for certain purposes, to know the shortest duration of outputs.
Correct determination of lifetime for minority carriers in high-resistivity silicon—minimal thickness needed
- Author(s): P. Chaput ; D. Blanc ; E. Casanovas ; A. Peyre-Lavigne ; Anne-Marie Chapuis ; G. Soudain
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 223 –224
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660189
- Type: Article
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The minimal sample thickness needed to obtain a correct value of the lifetime of minority carriers is given. This thickness is 2.5 times the diffusion length for 500 Ωcm silicon and 1.5 times the diffusion length for 10000 Ωcm silicon.
Inductorless filters
- Author(s): H.J. Orchard
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 224 –225
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660190
- Type: Article
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Attempts to produce inductorless filters with RC–active networks lead to Circuits which are very much more sensitive to component tolerances than conventional LC filters. An alternative, and apparently optimum, solution is merely to replace each inductor in a conventional doubly loaded LC filter by a gyrator–capacitor combination.
Low-loss shunt or series rectifier modulators
- Author(s): D.P. Howson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 225 –226
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660191
- Type: Article
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It is shown that the low-loss series or shunt rectifier-modulator Circuits known at present are part of a class of low-loss modulator circuits, other members of which may have practical importance.
Effects of some component tolerances and measuring errors on noise measurements
- Author(s): D. Merlo ; E.W. Houghton ; G.J. Halford
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 226 –226
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660192
- Type: Article
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Numerical method for the solution of waveguide-discontinuity problems
- Author(s): P.J.B. Clarricoats and K.R. Slinn
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 226 –228
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660193
- Type: Article
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A method is described whereby complex reflection and transmission coefficients of modes excited at a waveguide junction may be determined by a simple technique utilising a digital computer. As an example, a junction between a homogeneous and an inhomogeneous waveguide is considered for cases where both one and two modes propagate in the inhomogeneous waveguide. Favourable comparison is made in the former case with experimental results obtained previously.
Burst noise of silicon planar transistors
- Author(s): G. Giralt ; J.C. Martin ; F.X. Mateu-Perez
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, p. 228 –230
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660194
- Type: Article
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An important random phenomenon has been observed on low-level silicon planar transistors which has the aspect of a low-frequency squarewave of constant magnitude and random frequency. The step magnitude depends on temperature and biasing current; their probability of duration may be approached by a random Poisson process.
Erratum: Q factor, Q stability and gain in active filters
- Author(s): R.C. Foss and B.J. Green
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 230 –230
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660195
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Synthesis procedure for, and characteristics of, one-port linear magnetoelastic dispersors
- Author(s): J.H. Collins
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 2, Issue 6, page: 230 –230
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19660196
- Type: Article
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