Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 19, Issue 21, 13 October 1983
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Volume 19, Issue 21
13 October 1983
Temperature stability of transit time delay for a single-mode fibre in a loose tube cable
- Author(s): L.A. Bergman ; S.T. Eng ; A.R. Johnston
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 865 –866
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830587
- Type: Article
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Transit time is measured as a function of temperature for a single-mode fibre installed in a loose tube cable structure. In the range from −50°C to +60°C, the results indicate a positive linear slope of 6.7 ppm/°C, one of the lowest figures reported to date.
Fabrication of a stress-guiding optical fibre
- Author(s): R.D. Birch ; M.P. Varnham ; D.N. Payne ; K. Okamoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 866 –867
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830588
- Type: Article
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The principle of stress guidance in optical fibres is described. An optimum-stress-guidance structure has been designed and fabricated using gas-phase etching. The fibre is the first to have truly single-polarisation operation for all V-values.
Comment: Analysis of radiative and nonradiative recombination law in lightly doped InGaAsP lasers
- Author(s): R. Olshansky ; C.B. Su ; J. Manning ; J. Schlafer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 867 –868
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830589
- Type: Article
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Reply: Analysis of radiative and nonradiative recombination law in lightly doped InGaAsP lasers
- Author(s): G.H.B. Thompson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, page: 868 –868
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830590
- Type: Article
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Integrated-circuit test structure which uses a vernier to electrically measure mask misalignment
- Author(s): B.M.M. Henderson ; A.M. Gundlach ; A.J. Walton
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 868 –869
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830591
- Type: Article
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A test structure consisting of a vernier implemented in MOS technology which may be used to electrically measure the amount of misalignment between two mask levels is described. It is ideally suited to characterise and monitor the performance of high resolution aligners such as 10:1 wafer steppers. The resolution of the vernier is limited only by the minimum grid unit permitted by the CAD system or mask resolution. The vernier is also designed to automatically compensate for any over etching which may occur during processing.
Family of order-4 four-level orthogonal transforms
- Author(s): W.K. Cham
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 869 –871
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830592
- Type: Article
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A family of order-4 four-level orthogonal transforms is derived using a novel concept called dyadic symmetry. The well known order-4 discrete cosine, sine, Haar and slant transforms are members of this family. Comparison among transforms within this family shows that all these well known transforms can be exchanged with other members of the family giving either improved performance or reduced computational requirements.
Behaviour of device structures based on IDT-launched bulk acoustic waves in a parallel-sided plate of lithium niobate
- Author(s): P.D. Bloch ; N.G. Doe ; E.G.S. Paige
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 871 –873
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830593
- Type: Article
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We present device responses due to fast shear and longitudinal waves, which propagate between a pair of IDTs on an upper surface via a reflection from the lower surface of a parallel-sided plate of 41°-rotated Y-cut lithium niobate. Single-mode response can be obtained by removing unwanted modes using saw cuts in the crystal substrate. Centre-frequency and bandwidth enhancement of a factor of two or more are achievable compared with the SAW response of the same IDTs.
Phase tomography in microwave diagnostics
- Author(s): A.P. Anderson and R.Ait. Mehdi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 873 –874
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830594
- Type: Article
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The phase tomogram is shown to be a useful mode of representation for microwave images. Dependent on the approximations and a priori knowledge used in the reconstruction process, the phase image indicates the distribution of attenuation of a dielectric object.
Systolic convolution array
- Author(s): J.A.E. Simons
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, page: 874 –874
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830595
- Type: Article
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A systolic convolution array is presented, which has the minimum possible number of register stages, fixed fan-out, fan-in and response time, and which accepts a single input stream at the clock rate.
Mode-guiding in bistable twin-stripe lasers
- Author(s): K.A. Shore
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 874 –875
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830596
- Type: Article
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Mode-guiding mechanisms responsible for bistable properties of twin-stripe lasers are discussed with particular reference to optical injection effects. Calculations of the change in lasing field intensity as a function of both optical input power and injection current levels are presented.
Temperature characteristics of wavelength tuning in separately pumped integrated-etalon interference lasers
- Author(s): A. Antreasyan and S. Wang
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 876 –877
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830597
- Type: Article
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We have characterised the temperature behaviour of the electronic wavelength-tunable separately pumped integrated etalon-interference laser operating at 0.9 μm. The experimental results reveal two interesting features: the tuning bandwidth varies periodically as a function of temperature, and the possibility of single longitudinal mode operation within a wavelength-locking range ΔT as large as 15 deg C.
Low threshold ridge waveguide laser at 1.55 μm
- Author(s): I.P. Kaminow ; L.W. Stulz ; J.-S. Ko ; B.I. Miller ; R.D. Feldman ; J.C. Dewinter ; M.A. Pollack
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 877 –879
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830598
- Type: Article
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Fundamental-transverse-mode ridge waveguide lasers have been operated at 1.55 μm with threshold current as low as 42 mA. The threshold of fabrication and performance are similar to that of 1.3 μm ridge lasers, including the large modulation bandwidth.
Simple rain-attenuation-prediction technique for terrestrial radio links
- Author(s): J.A. Garcia-Lopez and J. Peiro
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 879 –880
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830599
- Type: Article
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It is shown that the simple technique called the ‘path reduction coefficient’ can be widely used to predict rain attenuation on terrestrial radio links due to the good agreement obtained between measured and calculated attenuation, mainly for low percentages of time. Comparisons between the presented method and the method adopted by the CCIR are given.
Prediction of mode dispersion in graded-index single-mode fibres
- Author(s): P.Y.P. Chen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 880 –881
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830600
- Type: Article
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A Cheby̅shev power series method is presented for the calculation of the propagation constant of graded-index fibres. Accurate predictions of the dispersion parameters can be obtained as shown by examples of step and parabolic profiles. Measured index profiles can also be used with local index values found by linear interpolation from nearest reading points. Examples are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach.
Very high CW output power and power conversion efficiency from current-confined CDH-LOC diode lasers
- Author(s): D. Botez ; J.C. Connolly ; M. Ettenberg ; D.B. Gilbert
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 882 –883
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830601
- Type: Article
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CDH-LOC lasers with tight current confinement to the lasing region provide CW output powers as high as 165 mW. The overall power conversion efficiency in CW operation reaches values of 35% (front-facet emitted power/overall input electrical power). Single-longitudinal-mode and fundamental-mode operations are achieved to 40 mW CW and 60 mW peak power (50% duty cycle), respectively. The threshold-current temperature coefficient T0 reaches values of 185 K.
Integrated optical spectrum analyser using planar technology on oxidised silicon substrate
- Author(s): S. Valette ; J. Lizet ; P. Mottier ; J.P. Jadot ; S. Renard ; A. Fournier ; A.M. Grouillet ; P. Gidon ; H. Denis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 883 –885
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830602
- Type: Article
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We report, for the first time, the achievement of an integrated optical spectrum analyser on oxidised silicon substrate. This device uses an entire planar technology fully compatible with microelectronic processes.
Propagation mechanisms in quadruple-clad fibres: mode coupling, dispersion and pure bend losses
- Author(s): P.L. Francois
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 885 –886
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830603
- Type: Article
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The steep LP01-mode waveguide dispersion in quadrupleclad fibres is due to a coupling process. Unlike W-profilcs, these fibres allow achievement of zero dispersion at two relatively remote wavelengths, with a very small sensitivity to curvature. Because of the coupling process, however, these fibres can also propagate the LP02 mode.
Cryogenic performance of microstrip substrates
- Author(s): S. Withington
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 887 –888
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830604
- Type: Article
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Measurements have been made, at very low temperatures (290 K-20 K), of the effective dielectric constants of a number of microstrip transmission lines fabricated on fibre-glass reinforced PTFE substrates.
Prime sequences: quasi-optimal sequences for OR channel code division multiplexing
- Author(s): A.A. Shaar and P.A. Davies
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 888 –890
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830605
- Type: Article
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A new family of multiplexing sequences suitable for low duty cycle pulse position modulation schemes and for frequency hopped stread spectrum systems is introduced. The sequences have maxima in their crosscorrelation functions of two or one.
Temperature dependence of the Kerr effect in a silica optical fibre
- Author(s): M.C. Farries and A.J. Rogers
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 890 –891
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830606
- Type: Article
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The temperature dependence of the electro-optic Kerr effect has been measured in a silica-cored monomode optical fibre. The Kerr constant was measured as 5.3×10−16 mV−2 at 23°C with a temperature coefficient of +0.56% per deg C over the range 23 to 88°C. This measurement has implications for optical-fibre temperature and electric field sensors.
Low contact resistance nonalloyed ohmic contacts to Zn-implanted P+ GaAs
- Author(s): C.-Y. Su and C. Stolte
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 891 –892
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830607
- Type: Article
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Contact resistance of nonalloyed metal contacts to Zn-implanted shallow (∼1000 Å) p+ GaAs layers was investigated. Contact resistance as low as 9×10−7 Ωcm2 was achieved for evaporated Ti/Pt/Au contacts to Zn 40 keV and Zn 100 keV double-implanted layers with a peak concentration of 7×1019/cm3.
Performance of a cryogenic 3 mm Schottky-mixer receiver on the Metsähovi 14 m radio telescope
- Author(s): A. Räisänen ; A. Lehto ; M. Tiuri ; J. Lamb
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 892 –894
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830608
- Type: Article
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A cooled receiver with some novel features and a noise temperature of 80–140 K double sideband in the frequency range 75–95 GHz has been built for radio astronomical observations. The quasioptical beam switch is followed by a 3 mm Schottky mixer and FET amplifier at 1.4 GHz. For calibration the receiver is provided with a cold reference load within the Dewar.
Quarter-micron gate length microwave high electron mobility transistor
- Author(s): P.C. Chao ; T. Yu ; P.M. Smith ; S. Wanuga ; J.C.M. Hwang ; W.H. Perkins ; H. Lee ; L.F. Eastman ; E.D. Wolf
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 894 –896
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830609
- Type: Article
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Quarter-micron gate length high electron mobility transistors have been fabricated using an electron-beam direct-writing technique. A maximum stable gain of 10 dB at 18 GHz has been measured at room temperature. A room-temperature cutoff frequency fT as high as 45 GHz has also been obtained.
Improved method of digital/analogue and analogue/digital conversion
- Author(s): E.A. Faulkner
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 896 –897
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830610
- Type: Article
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The letter describes a method of rapidly interpolating between the levels of a DAC. Having inherent monotonicity, the method offers major advantages in analogue/digital and digital/analogue conversion in a certain important range of applications.
Simple clock extraction circuit using a self sustaining monostable multivibrator output signal
- Author(s): H.-H. Witte and S. Moustakas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 897 –898
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830611
- Type: Article
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A novel and simple clock extraction circuit is described. It is based on feedback around a monostable multivibrator resulting in a self sustaining clock signal. The method is suitable for application in systems which do not require the clock perfectly synchronised to the data. The circuit comprises three standard IC gates plus two delay units.
Frequency scanned circular antenna array
- Author(s): M.S. Smith
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 898 –899
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830612
- Type: Article
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A technique for using frequency scanning to give 360° electronic beam steering from a circular antenna array is described, using relatively simple hardware. A field focused filter is used as a frequency selected switch for a lens fed circular array.
Predicting the performance of queuing networks with dynamic job routing
- Author(s): I.V. Tzavaras
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 899 –901
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830613
- Type: Article
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A new approximation technique is presented for predicting the performance of queuing networks employing dynamic (state-dependent) routing. It is based on a first-order modelling of the interactions between the elements of a queuing network, in essence by simplifying the state transition diagram of the underlying Markov process.
Hardware-oriented algorithms for the fast symbolic calculation of the DFT
- Author(s): T. Beth and W. Fumy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 901 –902
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830614
- Type: Article
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Methods for computing the DFT by symbolic calculations are presented that provide extremely fast algorithms due to their suitable hardware implementations.
Monolithic J-band image-rejection filter
- Author(s): S.J. Greenhalgh ; J.B. Swift ; J.R. Cockrill
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, p. 902 –904
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830615
- Type: Article
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A monolithic J-band image-rejection filter has been designed and fabricated directly on gallium arsenide in a spur-line microstrip configuration. The fine geometries required are achieved by the use of ion-beam milling. Good agreement is shown between measured and predicted frequency responses.
Erratum: Simplified linearly polarised contoured beam reflector antenna for a European coverage requirement
- Author(s): G.A.E. Crone and A.G. Roederer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, page: 904 –904
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830616
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Signal-to-noise performance of the pulse-interval and width-modulation system
- Author(s): S.D. Marougi and K.H. Sayhood
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 19, Issue 21, page: 904 –904
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19830617
- Type: Article
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