Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 18, Issue 21, 14 October 1982
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Volume 18, Issue 21
14 October 1982
Transmission experiments through 101 km and 84 km of single-mode fibre at 274 Mbit/s and 420 Mbit/s
- Author(s): M.M. Boenke ; R.E. Wagner ; D.J. Will
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 897 –898
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820611
- Type: Article
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Four transmission experiments through low-loss single-mode optical fibre at 1.3 μm have been performed at 274 Mbit/s and 420 Mbit/s with different objectives. The first demonstrates transmission through 101 km of single-mode fibre at 274 Mbit/s with negligible dispersion penalty. The second experiment at 274 Mbit/s and 84 km uses only components suitable for use in an undersea cable system. Two additional experiments, both at 420 Mbit/s, accomplish a bitrate × distance product of 35 GHzkm with 84 km of fibre and show no dispersion penalty with 63 km and 2.4 ps/km nm dispersion.
Compact and rugged all-fibre coupler for wavelength division multiplexing
- Author(s): M. Rode and E. Weidel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 898 –900
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820612
- Type: Article
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A very compact and rugged all-fibre coupler for wavelength division multiplexing has been realised. The advantages of this type of coupler are low insertion loss (1 dB–1.5 dB), high crosstalk attenuation (> 35 dB for duplexing), simple and cheap fabrication and excellent stability against environmental factors.
Implementation of digital signatures
- Author(s): B. Arazi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 900 –901
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820613
- Type: Article
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A digital signature scheme can be valid only if the message to be signed contains some predetermining redundant information. There is a considerable waste in applying the slow and complex signature algorithm on the entire message. The letter presents a way of implementing a digital signature scheme having the property that the complex steps are applied only on the actual information content of the signed message.
Generation of single-longitudinal-mode subnanosecond light pulses by high-speed current modulation of monolithic two-section semiconductor lasers
- Author(s): K.J. Ebeling ; L.A. Coldren ; B.I. Miller ; J.A. Rentschler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 901 –902
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820614
- Type: Article
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The spectral behaviour of monolithic two-section GaInAsP/InP lasers is studied. Single-longitudinal-mode light pulses of less than 750 ps length are produced by driving the long section of the laser only or by prebiasing the long cavity and modulating the short section with a current pulse of 1 ns halfwidth. The wavelength of the output light can be changed by varying the operation temperature or the prebias level.
Measurement of beam parameters of index-guided and gain-guided single-frequency InGaAsP injection lasers
- Author(s): T.P. Lee ; C.A. Burrus ; D. Marcuse ; A.G. Dentai ; R.J. Nelson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 902 –904
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820615
- Type: Article
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A value of 1.8 for the astigmatism factor K in narrow stripe InGaAsP/InP lasers is obtained by direct measurement of the beam parameters. Previously, values from 10 to 30 were found for AlGaAs/GaAs lasers of similar geometry.
Observation of transient spectra and mode partition noise of injection lasers
- Author(s): Pao-Lo Liu ; T.P. Lee ; C.A. Burrus ; I.P. Kaminow ; J.-S. Ko
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 904 –905
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820616
- Type: Article
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An experimental set-up for the observation of transient spectra and mode partition noise of InGaAsP injection lasers in real time is described. The build-up times for the dominant mode in various lasers are compared.
Fast decipherment algorithm for RSA public-key cryptosystem
- Author(s): J.-J. Quisquater and C. Couvreur
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 905 –907
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820617
- Type: Article
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A fast algorithm is presented for deciphering cryptograms involved in the public-key cryptosystem proposed by Rivest, Shamir and Adleman. The deciphering method is based on the Chinese remainder theorem and on improved modular multiplication algorithms.
Measurement of polarisation mode dispersion in elliptical-core single-mode fibres at 1.3 μm
- Author(s): S. Rabov and W.E. Heinlein
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 907 –909
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820618
- Type: Article
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Polarisation mode delay differences in three single-mode fibres were measured interferometrically at 1.3 μm with a resolution below 25 fs. Polarisation mode dispersion increases strongly with core ellipticity.
Low field mobility, effective saturation velocity and performance of submicron GaAs MESFETs
- Author(s): M.S. Shur
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 909 –910
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820619
- Type: Article
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An analytical model is proposed which relates the transconductance of submicron GaAs MESFETs to a low field mobility, effective electron saturation velocity and device geometry and doping. The model predicts that the effective saturation velocity determines the performance of the devices at relatively high pinch-off voltages (Vpo > 5 V). At smaller pinch-off voltages (especially for enhancement-mode devices) the low field mobility becomes increasingly important, leading to additional advantages of GaAs devices over Si devices. Another prediction is a higher transconductance in thinner and higher-doped devices. This effect is also more important for devices with low pinch-off voltages. The obtained results may be used to deduce the effective values of the electron drift velocity in GaAs MESFETs as a function of the gate length.
How iterative transformations can help to crack the Merkle-Hellman cryptographic scheme
- Author(s): Y. Desmedt ; J. Vandewalle ; R. Govaerts
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 910 –911
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820620
- Type: Article
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While it is generally expected that iterative transformations make a public key knapsack more secure, it is shown how two transformations can crack knapsacks which cannot be solved after one transformation. This leads to a new algorithm to crack cryptographic knapsack problems.
Single-mode optical-fibre index profiling with improved resolution
- Author(s): P.L. Chu
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 911 –913
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820621
- Type: Article
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A method is given which enables one to double the resolution of the transverse interferometric technique for the index profiling of an optical fibre. This method makes use of the measured data of the phase and the deflection function of the fibre. It should find applications in the profiling of single-mode fibres which have small core diameter and the measuring instruments are limited in resolution.
Radio propagation within buildings at 900 MHz
- Author(s): S.E. Alexander
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 913 –914
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820622
- Type: Article
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The letter reports some results of a survey which studied the propagation of radio signals at 900 MHz within buildings for the operation of cordless telephones. Histograms are presented of signal strength together with computed values for bit-error ratio for digital FSK modulation. A distance/power law is derived appertaining to the propagation characteristics of the building.
Simple low-cost correlator and multiplier circuits
- Author(s): P.J. Glen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 914 –915
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820623
- Type: Article
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Novel correlator and multiplier circuits are described using a single resistor, capacitor and transmission gate, which despite their simplicity and low cost offer excellent performance. These circuits are being used in an analogue echo canceller to provide full duplex data transmission.
Fluctuations on OTS-Earth copolar link against diurnal and seasonal variations
- Author(s): A. Vander Vorst ; D. Vanhoenacker ; L. Mercier
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 915 –917
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820624
- Type: Article
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Measurements on the copolar level of the 11.575 GHz OTS-Earth link have been analysed during the year 1981, using a 1 s sampling time. The variation of the fluctuations amplitude is evaluated as a function of the time of day and of the month of the year. It is compared to the number of attenuation events over the same period and against the same parameters. The statistic of the number of occurrences is calculated as a function of the amplitude of the events.
Theoretical random process for prediction of rain attenuation statistics in site diversity satellite links above 10 GHz
- Author(s): C. Capsoni and E. Matricciani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 917 –919
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820625
- Type: Article
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Site diversity systems are foreseen for earth-to-satellite links in localities with high rain-induced attenuation operating at frequencies above 10 GHz. An analytical model for the rain-rate statistical process is developed using radar-derived information on the rain structure collected at Spino d'Adda in the framework of the Sirio experiment. The procedure for estimating rain attenuation in both single and site diversity systems is outlined in a general formulation which makes it applicable to different situations. The model gives results very similar to experimental ones.
Influence of pressure on temperature sensitivity of GaxIn1−xAsyP1−y lasers
- Author(s): A.R. Adams ; D. Patel ; P.D. Greene ; G.D. Henshall
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 919 –920
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820626
- Type: Article
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At high temperatures the threshold current of GaxIn1−xAsyP1−y stripe lasers shows a more marked decrease with pressure than at room temperature. The temperature sensitivity term T0 increases from about 65 K at atmospheric pressure to about 115 K at 7 kbar. The results can be best interpreted in terms of intervalence band absorption.
Quantum mechanical explanation of spontaneous emission K-factor
- Author(s): D. Marcuse
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 920 –922
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820627
- Type: Article
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The rate of spontaneous photon emission in an injection laser depends on whether the laser modes are gain-guided or index-guided. For gain-guided modes the ratio of spontaneous to stimulated emission is greater by a factor K to the corresponding ratio for index-guided modes. Recently, the validity of the K-factor was questioned by means of a quantum mechanical argument. It is the purpose of this letter to show that quantum theory does not contradict the classical derivation of the K-factor but instead confirms its validity and sheds new light on the physics of spontaneous emission into gain-guided laser modes.
Limit cycles in relay systems
- Author(s): D.P. Atherton
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 922 –923
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820628
- Type: Article
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A method using the z transform is presented for evaluating the frequency of limit cycles in relay systems. The technique as described is only applicable when the relay has no dead zone and the plant transfer function no time delay. An extension of the approach to these systems is possible but requires use of the modified z transform; this makes the calculations more cumbersome and the method loses its simplicity.
Resolution of monochromatic signal sources using a simple receiving antenna array
- Author(s): Y.C. Cheah and F.J. Paoloni
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 923 –924
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820629
- Type: Article
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A simple method to isolate the amplitude and the direction of m incident rays on a linear antenna array of 2m elements is described. This method differs from other similar proposals by its ease of hardware implementation at microwave frequency.
Ground station antenna crosspolarisation measurements with an imperfectly polarised ancillary antenna
- Author(s): K.M. Keen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 924 –926
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820630
- Type: Article
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A technique has been described for measuring the crosspolarisation radiation patterns of linearly polarised, frequency reuse satellite ground station antennas, using a satellite as the remote source. This involves sampling of the imperfect satellite wave with a high polarisation purity ancillary antenna, and the application of a correction factor to the measured crosspolarisation levels. In practice, the ancillary antenna may have a small but finite crosspolarisation level, and error levels due to this are of interest. Error level expressions are given here, and some typical results are considered.
Cascaded bandpass vth-law devices
- Author(s): A.K. Gupta ; W.B. Garner ; E.J. Baghdady
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 926 –927
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820631
- Type: Article
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The effect of the n-cascaded bandpass vth-law devices on the sum of a strong signal and a weak signal is analysed. It is shown that if any of the nonlinear devices is a hard-limiter, the n-cascaded nonlinearities have the same effect as that of a single hard-limiter. If two such cascaded nvth-law devices (differing in at least one vth-value) or two complex bandpass nonlinearities are connected in parallel, we obtain the generalised form of a ‘power-division’ multiplex system which utilises a feed-forward across a limiter technique.
Residue number system error checking using expanded projection
- Author(s): W.K. Jenkins
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 927 –928
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820632
- Type: Article
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A new concept called expanded projection is presented that simplifies the process of error detection and location in redundant residue number codes. Expanded projection simplifies the circuit complexity of the error checker, resulting in a structure which is potentially useful for VLSI implementation. It is expected that simplified designs for the error checker will result in more practical applications of residue number arithmetic to achieve fault tolerant performance in special-purpose digital processors.
1.5 μm optical heterodyne system operating over 30 km of monomode fibre
- Author(s): T.G. Hodgkinson ; D.W. Smith ; R. Wyatt
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 929 –930
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820633
- Type: Article
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A 1.52 μm wavelength 8 Mbit/s system using heterodyne detection is demonstrated over 30 km of installed monomode fibre cable. Sensitivity improvements of 14 dB over direct detection were obtained at the remote receiver with only −27 dBm local oscillator power. It was not necessary to use special polarisation-maintaining fibre to obtain these results.
DICMOS—novel MOS logic
- Author(s): B.J. Hosticka ; U. Kleine ; H. Vogt ; G. Zimmer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 930 –932
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820634
- Type: Article
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A novel dynamic ratioless logic called DICMOS is proposed. The main features are low power dissipation and high packing density. No quiescent power is consumed. The realisation of a logic function requires only one MOS transistor per input variable and only one additional pull-up device; e.g. the pull-up element could be implemented as a Schottky-barrier diode, i.e. a simple contact.
Dielectric guiding due to an inverted gain profile in GaAs/GaAlAs lasers
- Author(s): P. Brosson ; E.J.T. Manganote ; F.C. Prince
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 932 –933
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820635
- Type: Article
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The waveguiding mechanism in a new GaAs/GaAlAs laser structure has been investigated by near-field and astigmatism measurements. The waist of the beam was observed in front of the mirror facet of the laser, indicating that the inverted gain profile is responsible for dielectric guiding along the junction plane.
Selected-area molecular beam epitaxy on ion-implanted GaAs substrates
- Author(s): P.N. Favennec ; L. Henry ; A. Regreny ; M. Salvi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, p. 933 –935
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820636
- Type: Article
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We present a method of selective growth of GaAs which utilises ion implantation for defining conductive monocrystalline and high-resistivity nonmonocrystalline regions on a GaAs substrate. By molecular beam epitaxy, nonmonocrystalline GaAs is obtained on the implanted areas of the GaAs substrate. Selected area molecular beam epitaxy is performed directly on an unmasked substrate.
Erratum: Floating voltage-controlled resistors in CMOS technology
- Author(s): M. Banu and Y. Tsividis
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, page: 936 –936
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820637
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Reply to Comment on ‘Fundamental mode spot-size measurement in single-mode optical fibres’
- Author(s): F. Alard ; L. Jeunhomme ; M. Monerie ; P. Sansonetti ; C. Vassallo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, page: 936 –936
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820638
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Phototransistors in digital optical communications systems for 1–1.6 μm wavelength
- Author(s): M.C. Brain and D.R. Smith
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, page: 936 –936
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820639
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Finite-element analysis of flat overlay waveguides for acoustic surface waves using acoustic surface impedance
- Author(s): M. Koshiba ; K. Hayata ; M. Suzuki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, page: 936 –936
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820640
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Turn-on delay for Josephson logic devices with high damping
- Author(s): P. Migny and B. Placais
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, page: 936 –936
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820641
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Parasitic insensitive toggle-switched capacitor and its applications to switched-capacitor networks
- Author(s): J.C.M. Bermudez and B.B. Bhattacharyya
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 18, Issue 21, page: 936 –936
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19820642
- Type: Article
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