Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 16, Issue 14, 3 July 1980
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Volume 16, Issue 14
3 July 1980
Asymptotic behaviour of TE11 mode coupling in circular apertures
- Author(s): T.S. Bird
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 529 –530
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800368
- Type: Article
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An asymptotic formula for mode coupling in a finite planar array of circular apertures, which was derived previously, is compared with the exact solution for the case of TE11 mode coupling in two circular waveguides. It is shown that for dominant mode operation of a circular waveguide the asymptotic formula is accurate enough for most practical purposes, even for aperture spacings of the order of a wavelength.
New frequency division circuit using b.b.d.
- Author(s): M. Emura ; Y. Fukui ; S. Yoneda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 530 –531
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800369
- Type: Article
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A new frequency division circuit using b.b.d. is proposed. Division is carried out by comparing the phase difference between the original signal and the delayed one through b.b.d. Experimental results agree well with the theoretical values.
Semiconductor laser output modulated in GHz frequency region observed by image tube streak camera
- Author(s): M. Izutsu ; H. Haga ; T. Sueta
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 531 –532
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800370
- Type: Article
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The image tube streak camera was applied to the observation of fast modulated continuous light signals. Intensity modulation of a semiconductor laser was observed up to 5 GHz.
Leaky ray correction factors for elliptical multimode fibres
- Author(s): K.F. Barrell and C. Pask
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 532 –534
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800371
- Type: Article
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Leaky ray attenuation in elliptical graded-index fibres it related to the changes in the ray parameter γ that are induced by fibre ellipticity. Parabolic index fibres are described in detail. Results are given for the correction factors which must be applied to the measured near-field intensity in order to obtain the refractive-index profile.
Broadband varactor-tuned GaAs f.e.t. oscillator
- Author(s): C. Rauscher
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 534 –535
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800372
- Type: Article
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A broadband varactor-tuned GaAs f.e.t. oscillator (7.4 to 13.1 GHz) is presented, together with measured and predicted performance characteristics. The circuit uses tuning in series with both the gate and the source leads of the device to maintain optimum oscillation conditions across the band.
5 GHz binary frequency division on GaAs
- Author(s): M. Cathelin ; G. Durand ; M. Gavant ; M. Rocchi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 535 –536
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800373
- Type: Article
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A fully planar self-aligned technology with a standard photolithographic process has been used to fabricate binary frequency dividers on GaAs counting correctly from d.c. to over 5 GHz, which is the best performance so far on such circuits. The divider is an optimised version of the gated T master/slave flip-flop. The m.e.s.f.e.t.'s gates are 0.6 μm within 2 μm drain-source spacing.
Fibre optic analogue transmission experiment for high-definition television signals using semiconductor laser diodes
- Author(s): K. Asatani ; K. Sato ; K. Maki ; T. Miki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 536 –538
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800374
- Type: Article
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The transmission characteristics of 30 MHz analogue colour t.v. signals are investigated using a semiconductor laser diode at the 1.3 μm wavelength. Transmission over 17 km with 40.3 dB unweighted s.n.r. is confirmed, and transmission over 30 km is feasible using a 1.3 μm laser diode and low-loss single-mode fibres.
Superimposed pulse modulation for fibre optic analogue video transmission using semiconductor laser diodes
- Author(s): K. Sato and K. Asatani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 538 –540
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800375
- Type: Article
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The letter proposes a new modulation technique to reduce speckle noise in multimode optical fibre analogue transmission systems using semiconductor laser diodes. The feasibility of analogue video transmission systems using the proposed modulation technique has been confirmed.
Detailed error estimates for first order WKB calculation method
- Author(s): G. Jacobsen and J.J. Ramskov Hansen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 540 –541
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800376
- Type: Article
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Using evanescent wave theory combined with nonlinear transformation techniques, very accurate upper and lower limits of the exact results for modal propagation constants and group delays are obtained for a near parabolic graded-index optical fibre. Comparing to a first order WKB solution we find WKB errors in group delays of 3–10 ps/km compared to the exact results, the fundamental mode specifying the worst case.
Planar acoustic microscope lens using Rayleigh to compressional conversion
- Author(s): G.W. Farnell and C.K. Jen
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 541 –543
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800377
- Type: Article
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A planar acoustic lens is described in which Rayleigh waves generated by a circular interdigital transducer on LiNbO3 are converted to a focused hollow conical beam in the contiguous liquid. The focal spot is comparable to that of a standard diffraction-limited lens of similar aperture; the calculated sidelobes are higher but the measured ones are comparable.
Bit synchronisation in Gbit/s range using dual gate GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t.s
- Author(s): H. Beneking ; W. Filensky ; F. Ponse
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 543 –544
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800378
- Type: Article
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Bit synchronisation at 1 and 2 Gbit/s including pulse width reduction is achieved using dual gate GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t.s. Circuits and time behaviour of input-, clock- and output signals are shown.
Reflector antenna profile measurement using ultrasound
- Author(s): C.G. Parini and P.J.B. Clarricoats
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 544 –546
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800379
- Type: Article
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–546
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A method for the measurement of reflector antenna surface profiles requiring no mechanical contact is described. The technique consists of placing an ultrasonic transmitter at the reflector focus and measuring the phase over the whole of the reflector aperture. Profile errors of order ±0.1 mm have been measured.
Statistical intensity of amplitude scintillations on Earth-space X-band link
- Author(s): J. Huddon ; P. Lo ; T.J. Moulsley ; E. Vilar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 546 –547
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800380
- Type: Article
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Amplitude fluctuation measurements made on a 30° of elevation earth-space link at 11.6 GHz using the Orbital Test Satellite transmissions are described. Results on the intensity and cumulative distribution of the scintillations between 0.01 Hz and 14 Hz are presented and show that for percentages of time less than 20% the peak amplitude deviations from the mean exceed the values derived using a log-normal distribution and the average r.m.s. value. For greater time percentages the agreement with a log-normal distribution is good.
Adaptive Kalman filter equaliser
- Author(s): E. Dalle Mese and G. Corsini
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 547 –549
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800381
- Type: Article
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A new adaptive equaliser for digital communication channels is proposed. It is derived from a state-variable representation of the communication channel by means of the extended Kalman filter technique. The equaliser proposed is structured as two Kalman filters, one estimating the transmitted data symbols, the other the unknown channel parameters.
New technique for efficient pattern computation of aperture and reflector antennas
- Author(s): R. Mittra and W.L. Ko
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 549 –551
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800382
- Type: Article
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A new and efficient technique for computing secondary patterns of antennas with known aperture distributions is described. The method is extendable to parabolic reflector antennas with given surface current distribution. The fast Fourier transform (f.f.t.) algorithm is used to compute the coefficients of expansion of a series representing the radiation pattern.
Multi/demultiplexing in Gbit/s range using dual gate GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t.s
- Author(s): H. Beneking ; W. Filensky ; F. Ponse
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 551 –552
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800383
- Type: Article
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–552
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Multiplexing from 1 to 2 Gbit/s and corresponding demultiplexing from 2 to 1 Gbit/s including clock regeneration and pulse width reduction has been performed using dual gate GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t.s. Circuits and time behaviour of input, clock and output signals are shown.
Dual gate GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t. phase shifter with gain at 12 GHz
- Author(s): C. Tsironis and P. Harrop
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 553 –554
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800384
- Type: Article
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A dual gate m.e.s.f.e.t. phase shifter is described with 4 dB insertion gain at 12 GHz and more than 100° linear continuous phase shift as a function of the d.c. voltage applied to the controlling gate electrode.
Redistribution of chromium in semi-insulating GaAs:Cr during laser annealing
- Author(s): M.H. Badawi ; B.J. Sealy ; J.B. Clegg
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 554 –556
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800385
- Type: Article
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Secondary ion mass spectrometry (s.i.m.s.) measurements on laser irradiated Cr-doped (semi-insulating) GaAs samples revealed a Cr redistribution effect near the surface region. The maximum depth at which redistribution is measured is shown to increase with increasing energy density from a Q-switched ruby laser, reaching a depth of ~1.4 μm for an energy density of 1.4 J/cm2. The redistribution is explained in terms of a zone refining process which occurs during the cooling cycle of the laser induced melted region.
Algorithms for computation of relative neighbourhood graph
- Author(s): R.B. Urquhart
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 556 –557
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800386
- Type: Article
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The definition of the relative neighbourhood graph (r.n.g.) of a set of data points is considered from an alternative viewpoint. This leads to properties of the r.n.g. which can be exploited to give faster algorithms, one of which is restricted to use with two-dimensional data and Euclidean distance, and the other being more general.
Comparison of pulse responses of step-index fibres
- Author(s): A.B. Sharma ; J. Saijonmaa ; S.J. Halme
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 557 –559
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800387
- Type: Article
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Pulse responses of step-index fibres with V parameters lying between 2 and 40 are presented. The results are based on computations using the normal WKB, a modified WKB, the ‘weakly guiding’ and the ‘exact’ eigenvalue equations.
Circularly polarised radiation from narrow wall slots in rectangular waveguide
- Author(s): D.R. Hill
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 559 –560
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800388
- Type: Article
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Slots in rectangular waveguides are often used at elements in linear array antennas. The polarisation of the radiated energy is usually linear. Circular polarisation can be obtained with compound slots in the broad wall. Experiments have shown that circular polarisation can be obtained from certain I-shaped slots in the narrow wall.
Evidence for alloy scattering from pressure-induced changes of electron mobility in In1−xGaxAsyP1−y
- Author(s): A.R. Adams ; H.L. Tatham ; J.R. Hayes ; A.N. El-Sabbahy ; P.D. Greene
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 560 –562
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800389
- Type: Article
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The electron mobility in the quaternary alloy In1−xGaxAsyP1−y has been measured at pressures up to 16 kbar which produce significant changes in the effective mass. Both the pressure dependence and the temperature dependence indicate that alloy scattering has a strong influence on the electron mobility.
Multilayer multimode optical fibre
- Author(s): R. Petrović
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 562 –563
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800390
- Type: Article
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Multilayer multimode fibres are considered by means of the ray theory, and the optimal distribution of refractive index with respect to pulse broadening is found. It is concluded that even with a low number of layers we can reduce pulse broadening significantly. Low sensitivity to the variations of refractive index distribution is predicted.
Mixed complete Padé model reduction: a useful formulation for closed loop design
- Author(s): Y. Bistritz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 563 –565
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800391
- Type: Article
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A simple formulation for derivation of reduced order models for linear time invariant systems by mixed complete Padé approximation is presented. Various reduced order models of the same order with different combinations of the number of matched Markov parameters and time moments can be derived by equations that resemble the simple Padé equations for approximation at a single point. The advantages of obtaining models by a complete Padé approximation is emphasised.
Electrical conduction in metal/implanted SiO2/Si structures
- Author(s): H.F. Ragaie
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 565 –566
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800392
- Type: Article
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Direct current/voltage relationships for m.o.s. capacitors are measured as function of oxide doping. Uniform P+ doping is obtained by means of multiple ion implantation. A close relationship between oxide defects, conduction and memory switching is then emphasised.
InGaAsP/InP buried crescent laser emitting at 1.3 μm with very low threshold current
- Author(s): T. Murotani ; E. Oomura ; H. Higuchi ; H. Namizakj ; W. Susaki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 566 –568
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800393
- Type: Article
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An InGaAsP/InP injection laser is described in which a crescent-shaped InGaAsP active region is completely embedded in InP by the etch-and-fill l.p.c. technique and a double current confinement scheme is incorporated with two reverse-biased p-n junctions on both sides of the active layer. The best laser has the very low threshold current of 28 mA c.w. at room temperature, and shows stable single-mode c.w. operation up to about twice the threshold current.
Elliptic filter design using arithmetic-geometric mean
- Author(s): G.B. Parks and M.A. Soderstrand
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 568 –570
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800394
- Type: Article
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A simple direct algorithm for computation of elliptic functions for use in designing elliptic filters is offered. Compromise approximations to common filter specifications are not required. Precision is limited only by the accuracy of the processor and its square root, sine and arcsine routines. A scientific pocket calculator is adequate for all computations.
Novel active R supercapacitor simulation: applications in low sensitivity multifunction network realisation
- Author(s): A.R. Saha and R. Nandi
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 570 –571
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800395
- Type: Article
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A new configuration containing only two operational amplifiers and a single resistor has been shown to simulate a grounded supercapacitor (D) frequency-dependent negative resistance element based on the usual one-pole rolloff characteristics of the active o.a. device. Appropriate insertion of only one additional RC section yields a novel network with multifilter function capabilities having independent Q and ω0 adjustments at very low active and passive sensitivities. With suitable design, a minimal circuit realisation of a variable frequency active R oscillator can be derived from the proposed configuration.
Bulk and junction effects in d.c. electroluminescent ZnS:Cu,Mn powder panels
- Author(s): C.J. Alder ; A. Cattell ; K. Dexter ; M. Dixon ; J. Kirton
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 14, p. 571 –572
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800396
- Type: Article
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Current/voltage, current/brightness and capacitance values have been monitored as d.c. electroluminescent ZnS:Cu,Mn powder panels have been ‘formed’ to a series of voltages. Bulk effects are seen to be at least as important as junction effects to the generation of electroluminescence.
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