Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 16, Issue 13, 19 June 1980
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Volume 16, Issue 13
19 June 1980
Polarisation optical time domain reflectometry
- Author(s): A.J. Rogers
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 489 –490
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800341
- Type: Article
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A proposed new optical fibre technique will allow measurement of the spatial distribution of physical fields, and will also allow location of anomalous features in single polarisation state monomode optical fibres such as are under discussion for very high bandwidth communication.
High efficiency GaAs Schottky-barrier gate f.e.t. oscillator
- Author(s): J.F. Sautereau ; J. Graffeuil ; K. Tantrarongroj ; P. Rossel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 490 –492
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800342
- Type: Article
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A high efficiency high p.p.d. GaAs f.e.t. oscillator was developed. An output power of 63 mW with an efficiency of 39.7% and a p.p.d. of 0.21 mW/μm was easily produced at 9.3 GHz using a HP FET 1101 A-HPAC 100 A. The design of this oscillator was effected using a large signal method by means of a time-domain analysis program IMAG III, which computes the transient response of a nonlinear f.e.t. network.
Mean square error of s.s.b.a.m. class 4 partial response data signals due to slope, sag and ripple group delay components
- Author(s): L.J. Millott and B.M. Smith
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 492 –493
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800343
- Type: Article
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An expression is derived for the minimum mean square error of an s.s.b.a.m. data signal using class 4 partial response coding when distorted by a channel with group delay slope. This result supplements previously published results which describe the effects of group delay sag and ripple. It is shown that the total minimum mean square error from a combination of all three group delay components can be determined by adding the distortion from each component independently.
Microwave images with reduced background effects from digitally processed in-line holograms
- Author(s): K.H.S. Marie ; A.P. Anderson ; J.C. Bennett
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 493 –494
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800344
- Type: Article
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Microwave imaging by in-line holography is demonstrated experimentally. The twin image, reference level and autocorrelation contributions to the required image are suppressed by digital processing. An extension of the technique which provides better image reconstruction is introduced. Results are compared with images obtained from direct phase and amplitude recording.
Vector wave characteristics of radially inhomogeneous waveguide modes
- Author(s): Masahiro Hashimoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 494 –495
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800345
- Type: Article
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Asymptotic propagation constants of vector wave modes are given for radially inhomogeneous circular waveguides with a polynomial refractive-index profile. The degeneracy of TE and TM modes, which arises from the vector wave nature of modes, is shown to split due to the inhomogeneity of the local wave admittance.
Multiplexer logic circuit design using cubical complexes
- Author(s): A.B. Ektare and D.P. Mital
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 495 –497
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800346
- Type: Article
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A novel approach to design combinational logic circuits using multiplexers is presented. The approach is based upon the representation of switching functions by cubical complexes.1 The method is simpler than the existing methods and highly suitable for design by inspection.
8 Gbit/s optical transmission with t.j.s. GaAlAs laser and p-i-n detection
- Author(s): R. Tell and S.T. Eng
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 497 –498
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800347
- Type: Article
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Optical transmission at 8 Gbit/s has been performed with a t.j.s. laser and a low-impedance microstripline-mounted p-i-n diode. The laser was modulated with 100 ps wide pulses and no intersymbol interference was observed.
Subpicosecond measurement of response of optical fibres
- Author(s): J. Piasecki
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 498 –500
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800348
- Type: Article
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A novel technique is described for measuring the impulse response of short samples of monomode and multimode optical fibres, with a resolution better than 0.1 ps. The times of arrival of the modes of a multimode fibre are resolved.
Measurement of extinction cross-section of single particles at 100 GHz
- Author(s): D.J. Harris and T.M. Teo
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 500 –501
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800349
- Type: Article
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The extinction cross-section of single particles of dimensions comparable with the wavelength has been measured using a double resonance technique at 100 GHz. Results agree well with Mie's theory. The technique is applicable to moving particles with velocities up to a few metres per second.
Applications of scattering matrix for development of microwave mixers
- Author(s): W. Hauth
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 501 –502
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800350
- Type: Article
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The scattering matrix is shown to be a useful instrument to close the gap between theory and practice during mixer development. Examples are given for the calculation of an image recovery circuit and for a quick conversion loss measurement technique.
System identification: approach to a coherent picture through template functions
- Author(s): P. Eykhoff
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 502 –504
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800351
- Type: Article
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A wide variety of parameter estimation techniques can be discussed from the point of view of functional operators working on system input/output signals. The classes of operators can be characterised by time functions, called ‘template functions’. These notions contribute to a coherent picture of a wide class of estimation techniques, as well as to a discussion of the statistical properties and, in appropriate cases, the information efficiency.
Use of Ga in metal-GaAs contacts to eliminate large As loss peaks
- Author(s): T. Sebestyen ; I. Mojzes ; D. Szigethy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 504 –505
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800352
- Type: Article
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Arsenic losses from Schottky and ohmic metal contacts to GaAs were quantitatively determined by a quadrupole mass spectrometer as a function of linearly increasing temperature. By adding gallium to the contact metal, the giant peaks found in the arsenic losses could be completely eliminated and the arsenic evaporation losses greatly reduced.
Effect of axial refractive-index dip on zero total dispersion wavelength in single-mode fibres
- Author(s): B.P. Pal ; A. Kumar ; A.K. Ghatak
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 505 –507
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800353
- Type: Article
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The effect of the axial refractive-index dip, which is a characteristic of c.v.d. high-silica optical fibres, on the dispersion characteristics of single-mode fibres is studied. In particular, the effect of a Gaussian dip on zero total dispersion wavelength λ0 in a single-mode fibre is investigated. The dip is found, in general, to shift λ0 to a wavelength shorter than that in the absence of the dip for the same fibre.
Correction of spreading resistance data obtained from bevelled shallow junctions
- Author(s): S.A. Abbasi and A. Brunnschweiler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 507 –508
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800354
- Type: Article
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The spreading resistance profile obtained from a bevelled shallow diffused layer differs significantly from the profile obtained by successive layer removal. This difference may be at least partially explained by the poor lateral resolution of the spreading resistance method. A computer correction technique is described which has been found to completely remove the discrepancy observed at the surface.
Determining transfer functions, especially at high frequencies
- Author(s): R.A. Zakarevicius
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 508 –510
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800355
- Type: Article
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p.
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Previous results for time delay and rise are generalised to a method for determining all the coefficients of the transfer function in a Taylor series expansion about zero frequency. The method involves integrations of the type with which picosecond accuracies were previously obtained in time delay measurement. Comparable time scale accuracies can be expected for the method described.
Low threshold current transverse junction lasers on semi-insulating substrates by m.b.e.
- Author(s): T.P. Lee ; C.A. Burrus ; A.Y. Cho
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 510 –511
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800356
- Type: Article
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Preparation by m.b.e. of GaAs-AlxGa1–xAs transverse junction lasers on semi-insulating substrates is described. Pulsed current thresholds of 32 mA have been achieved at room temperature (25°C) in initial devices. Single-mode c.w. operation has been achieved with heat-sink temperatures up to 35°C.
Fabrication of single-mode fibres by v.a.d.
- Author(s): S. Tomaru ; M. Kawachi ; T. Edahiro
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 511 –512
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800357
- Type: Article
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A 21 km long single-mode fibre with loss values of 0.6 dB/km at 1.2 and 1.55 μm, and 0.7 dB/km at 1.3 μm, has been made by the v.a.d. method. This indicates the high potential of this method in the production of long low-loss single-mode fibres.
Laser annealing of low dose Se-implanted GaAs studied by d.l.t.s.
- Author(s): N.G. Emerson and B.J. Sealy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 512 –514
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800358
- Type: Article
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Deep level transient spectroscopy (d.l.t.s.) has been applied to the study of deep levels in GaAs following post-implantation annealing using a Q-switched ruby laser. High concentrations (> 1015 cm−3) of deep trapping levels are observed in the laser melt region using a forward-bias voltage pulse.
Maximally flat f.i.r. filter with prescribed cutoff frequency
- Author(s): P. Thajchayapong ; M. Puangpool ; S. Banjongjit
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 514 –515
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800359
- Type: Article
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Maximally flat f.i.r. digital filter design provides the advantage of giving a closed-form solution, but there still remains a problem of designing such a filter whose magnitude response passes through a prescribed cutoff frequency point. It is described here how to generate a class of transitional maximally flat f.i.r. digital filters to overcome such a difficulty.
Error rate performance for s.f.s.k. with cochannel and intersymbol interference
- Author(s): J. Cruz and R.S. Simpson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 515 –516
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800360
- Type: Article
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The probability of error of s.f.s.k., with matched-filter detection in the presence of additive white Gaussian noise, intersymbol interference and cochannel interference has been studied. Results are presented as a function of the signal/interference ratio for a system using a third-order Butterworth filter.
1.5–1.7 μm v.p.e. InGaAsP/InP c.w. lasers
- Author(s): G.H. Olsen ; T.J. Zamerowski ; N.J. Digiuseppe
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 516 –518
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800361
- Type: Article
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Room temperature c.w. lasing operation has been achieved at 1.55 μm with InGaAsP/InP devices and at 1.65 μm with InGaAs/InP devices prepared via vapour-phase epitaxy. Lasing threshold currents vary as exp (T – 20)/T0 with 40<T0 <60°C.
Approximate aggregation for linear multivariable systems
- Author(s): J. Hickin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 518 –519
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800362
- Type: Article
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Given a reduced order model of a high order system, the question of approximate aggregation is examined. An error analysis indicates that there is an optimal choice for the aggregation matrix. The method shows that reduced order models are related to Luenberger observers. A comparison with the method of singular perturbations is made.
Stationary phase method for far-field computation of defocused reflector antennas
- Author(s): M.H.A.J. Herben ; R. Middelkoop ; F.J.J. Gielkens
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 519 –521
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800363
- Type: Article
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Computation of the far field of a defocused reflector antenna using the stationary phase method is described. The positions of the stationary phase points are determined, to eliminate one of the two numerical integrations of the radiation integral. Examples of scan patterns and computational time saving are presented.
Propagation in rectangular tunnel with imperfectly conducting walls
- Author(s): J.R. Wait
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 521 –522
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800364
- Type: Article
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An approximate formulation is presented for what is usually considered to be an intractable problem in waveguide theory. The essence is to show that a TM (transverse magnetic) class of modes will be an adequate representation even when all four walls are imperfectly conducting.
GaAs n+-p−-n+ ballistic structure
- Author(s): M.S. Shur and L.F. Eastman
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 522 –523
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800365
- Type: Article
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Potential distribution and I/V characteristics of short n+-p−-n+ devices are calculated assuming ballistic electron transport (no collisions). The results of the calculation are in good agreement with experimental results for submicrometre GaAs n+-p−-n+ structures.
Ballistic electron motion in GaAs at room temperature
- Author(s): L.F. Eastman ; R. Stall ; D. Woodard ; N. Dandekar ; C.E.C. Wood ; M.S. Shur ; K. Board
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, p. 524 –525
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800366
- Type: Article
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Experimental current/voltage characteristics are described for n+-n-n+ and n+-p−-n+ GaAs structures. It is evident from the results that the electron transport is mainly ballistic in nature.
Erratum: Integrated bandpass filters
- Author(s): K.U. Ahmed
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 16, Issue 13, page: 525 –525
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19800367
- Type: Article
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