Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 14, Issue 14, 6 July 1978
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Volume 14, Issue 14
6 July 1978
Coupling between two microstrip lines through apertures
- Author(s): Mahesh Kumar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 415 –416
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780279
- Type: Article
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–416
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An analysis of coupling between two microstrip transmission lines, coupled together through small apertures in the common ground plane, is presented. The experimental results compare well with theory.
Method of assessing index profile data
- Author(s): J.P. Hazan ; J.P. Cabanie ; J.J. Bernard
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 416 –418
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780280
- Type: Article
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–418
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We describe a practical method for assessing profile data which is applicable to a large class of profiles. It is repeatable, can be used routinely with little computational hardware and visualises clearly and quantitatively the local α value along a radius.
Impact ionisation ratio in In0.73Ga0.27As0.57P0.43
- Author(s): Masanori Ito ; Takao Kaneda ; Kazuo Nakajima ; Yoshikazu Toyoma ; Toyoshi Yamaoka ; Tsuyoshi Kotani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 418 –419
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780281
- Type: Article
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–419
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A window structure InGaAsP avalanche photodiode (a.p.d.) has been fabricated by using liquid-phase epitaxy on (111B) InP. Multiplication characteristics show that the impact ionisation rate for electrons is larger than that for holes (α>β). The ionisation ratio α/β was estimated to be 3–4. A low-noise a.p.d. will be realised by a structure with electron-initiated multiplication.
Fibredyne systems for passive or semipassive fibre-optic sensors
- Author(s): S.A. Kingsley
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 419 –422
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780282
- Type: Article
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Fibredyne systems employ fibre-optic self-homodyne techniques for exploiting the microphonic nature of optical fibres when conveying highly coherent light. Any strain, pressure or temperature change applied to a fibre will cause phase modulation of the guided optical carrier. End reflections in single-mode and multimode optical fibres cause conversion of this phase modulation to amplitude modulation at the photodetector. We show how very simple passive and semi-passive fibre-optic sensors can be constructed using fibredyne detection of optical echoes.
Variable-cutoff two-dimensional lowpass f.i.r. digital filters
- Author(s): S.S. Ahuja and S.C. Dutta Roy
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 422 –423
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780283
- Type: Article
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–423
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A recently formulated transformation for implementing 1-dimensional variable-cutoff filters is extended to the design of 2-dimensional variable-cutoff lowpass filters, and it is shown that the cutoff frequencies along the two frequency axes can be independently controlled, each by one parameter. The filters designed with the 1st-order transformation have certain drawbacks, which are shown to be overcome with the 2nd-order transformation with proper constraints on the variable parameters.
Time-delay/Doppler scattering function for suburban mobile radio propagation at 436 MHz
- Author(s): A.S. Bajwa and J.D. Parsons
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 423 –425
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780284
- Type: Article
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Time-delay/Doppler scattering functions are presented for two different suburban locations where multipath propagation is evident. The major features of the scattering functions are explained in terms of the surrounding environment and the street orientation with respect to the transmitter.
Relative importance of tropospheric and precipitation scatter in interference and co-ordination
- Author(s): J.A. Lane
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 425 –427
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780285
- Type: Article
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–427
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A simple analysis of the magnitudes of tropospheric forward scatter in clear air and scatter from rain shows that, in practice, the former mode need not be considered for interference and co-ordination calculations. The co-ordination area will be determined either by super-refraction or by scatter from rain.
Commutated capacitor bank as a filter resonator
- Author(s): G. Martinelli and M. Salerno
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 427 –428
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780286
- Type: Article
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–428
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The results are given of an experimental investigation into the possibility of using the commutated capacitor bank as a resonator in bandpass filters. Attention is focused on the noise and the crosstalk originating from the time-varying operation of the resonator in connection with a bandpass prototype.
Physical interpretation of state assignment
- Author(s): C.R. Edwards
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 428 –430
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780287
- Type: Article
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The general operation of state reassignment is analysed using a method of Boolean matrix algebra. It is shown that state reassignment can be implemented by pre- and postmultiplication of a given (assigned) machine by a single operator. The physical interpretation of this operation is considered. Possible applications of this structure to the evaluation of optimal assignments are proposed.
A novel method of temperature compensation for multiplexed liquid crystal displays
- Author(s): C. Hilsum ; R.J. Holden ; E.P. Raynes
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 430 –432
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780288
- Type: Article
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A new, simple technique for compensating the drive voltages to allow for temperature changes of multiplexed liquid crystal displays is described. No components apart from the display and drive electronics are required and compensation over the temperature range 0°C to 50°C has been achieved.
Fibre-optical strain gauge
- Author(s): M. Johnson and R. Ulrich
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 432 –433
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780289
- Type: Article
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–433
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The transit time of a circulating light pulse in a 10–1000 m long multinode optical fibre is used to measure the absolute length of the fibre and also its length variations with a reproducibility of ± 0.2 mm. The arrangement represents a fibre-optical strain gauge for use on long arbitrarily shaped paths.
Microwave applicator for tubular dielectric materials
- Author(s): A. Kumar
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 433 –434
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780290
- Type: Article
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–434
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A new corrugated circular waveguide applicator with a nonuniform power-density distribution over the cross-section is described. This type of applicator is suitable for treatment of tubular dielectric materials.
Supply-current analysis (scan) as a screen for bipolar integrated circuits
- Author(s): A.J. Melia
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 434 –436
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780291
- Type: Article
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–436
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A novel technique utilising the analysis of supply-current variations is proposed as a screen for digital integrated circuits. The application of the method to a simple m.s.i. circuit is used to demonstrate its capability of indicating the presence of flaws at internal circuit nodes.
Linearisation of a cascaded system of analogue optical links
- Author(s): J. Straus and D. Frank
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 436 –437
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780292
- Type: Article
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–437
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We describe a linearisation technique suitable for compensation of nonlinearities in a cascaded system of analogue optical links. Experimentally, we have observed an improvement of more than 30 dB in 2nd-order distortion, reducing distortion to −53 dB in a cascaded system of four optical transmitter/receiver modules.
S.A.W. bandpass filter with −50 dB sidelobes using unweighted i.d.t.s
- Author(s): P. Sudhakar ; A.B. Bhattacharyya ; Bimal Mathur
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 437 –439
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780293
- Type: Article
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–439
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The use of a resonantly loaded i.d.t. (r.l.i.d.t.) as an s.a.w. track changer in bandpass filter design is described. A filter with 3dB fractional bandwidth (f.b.w.) of 11.5% and −50 dB sidelobes is realised using unweighted input/output i.d.t.s of 5½ finger pairs each and a 7½ finger pair r.l.i.d.t. as the s.a.w. track changer. The scheme is expected to be useful in realising low-shape-factor low-sidelobe bandpass filters using relatively short i.d.t.s.
Multiple-beam dual-offset reflector antenna with an array feed
- Author(s): T.S. Bird ; J.L. Boomars ; P.J.B. Clarricoats
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 439 –441
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780294
- Type: Article
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–441
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A computer simulation is described for the production of multiple beams by a dual-offset reflector antenna with a feed consisting of a circular waveguide array. It is shown that acceptable efficiencies and low crosspolar levels can be achieved for two sample beams of a multibeam configuration by deriving the array excitation from the focal-region fields of the double-offset antenna.
Nylon buffering effects in multimode optical fibres
- Author(s): K. Tatekura ; K. Itoh ; T. Matsumoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 441 –442
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780295
- Type: Article
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–442
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In this letter the effects of nylon buffering in multimode fibres are examined using a method previously reported, and the design criteria for avoiding the additional loss due to the nylon buffering are shown.
Eddy-current magnetic suspension
- Author(s): J.W. Finch and H. Joyce
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 442 –443
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780296
- Type: Article
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–443
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Results are presented for a new form of eddy-current suspension that is analogous to the recently reported diamagnetic systems. A simple measure of the effectiveness of the eddy currents is developed and compared with experiment. Arrangements proven to extend the useful range of the suspension and to facilitate open-loop control are described.
Geometry of waveguides in a dichroic secondary mirror
- Author(s): R.J. Langley and E.A. Parker
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 443 –445
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780297
- Type: Article
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–445
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Dichroic Cassegrain mirrors have been constructed from waveguide stacked on a variety of lattices. Their performance in the transmission mode is discussed. Circular guide on an equilateral triangular lattice gave the best results. To improve the copolar patterns the structure was loaded with dielectric.
Resonant frequencies of a cavity with a cylindrical hole in a wall of infinite thickness
- Author(s): E.A. Shapoval
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 445 –447
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780298
- Type: Article
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–447
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A variational method is presented for evaluating the electric and magnetic polarisabilities of a cylindrical hole of small radius a in a wall of infinite thickness. The polarisabilities p = −0.09105a3 and m = 0.15062a3 are obtained, and enable the determination of the resonant frequency shifts for a cavity with the small hole.
Primary feeds with wide beamwidths
- Author(s): G.L. James
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 447 –448
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780299
- Type: Article
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447
–448
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Primary feeds having symmetrical beamwidths wider than can be obtained with corrugated horns are discussed. It is shown that as beamwidth increases crosspolarisation performanre deteriorates.
Microwave InxGa1−xAsyP1−y/InP f.e.t
- Author(s): H. Morkoc ; J.T. Andrews ; Y.M. Houng ; R. Sankaran ; S.G. Bandy ; G.A. Antypas
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 448 –449
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780300
- Type: Article
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Microwave performance of InxGa1−xAsyP1−y quaternary alloy metal-semiconductor field effect transistors (m.e.s.f.e.t.s) is reported. Liquid-phase epitaxy (l.p.e.) using a step cooling technique has been employed to grow submicrometre quaternary layers having room-temperature bandgaps of 0.9, 1.0, 1.05, 1.15 and 1.2eV. F.E.T.s having gate dimensions of 1×200 μm and a channel length of 5 μm have been fabricated using 1.15 and 1.2 eV quaternary alloys. A maximum d.c. transconductance of about 10 mS and a maximum available gain of about 7 dB at 10 GHz have been obtained.
Thickness-shear stress distributions of the oscillating planoconvex AT-cut quartz-crystal resonator
- Author(s): Sekiji Yamagata ; Kazumitu Yamamoto ; Ichiro Fukai ; Ichiji Yasuda
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 450 –451
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780301
- Type: Article
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Thickness-shear stress distributions of a planoconvex AT-cut quartz-crystal resonator oscillating with the fundamental, 3rd overtone and 5th overtone thickness-shear vibration resonant frequencies are measured by means of a laser-beam modulation method. The measured stress distributions are compared with the stress values computed by the finite element method for a simulation study. The experimental values show good agreement with the computed stress distributions. The absolute value of the measured stress agrees with that in the experiment of Spencer.
A loop phase-locked 74 GHz impatt oscillator usable for precise spectroscopy to the 500 GHz region
- Author(s): D.J.E. Knight
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, p. 451 –454
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780302
- Type: Article
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To examine possible application to spectroscopy and laser frequency measurement, a 74 GHz impatt oscillator was phase-locked to a quartz-crystal oscillator harmonic using a loop employing a digital phase-frequency detector. The maximum frequency multiplication permissible without catastrophic spectral broadening was estimated from the locked-phase spectral-density curve to be about 7 times, to 500 GHz, a factor 3 less than for a good-quality well locked reflex klystron, because of greater phase noise remaining outside the loop bandwidth. The use of wideband loops already existing for solid-state oscillators could suppress this disadvantage.
Erratum: Goos-Hänchen shift for leaky rays on step-index waveguides
- Author(s): J.D. Love and C. Winkler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, page: 454 –454
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780303
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Contribution of reflector profile errors to antenna sidelobe radiation
- Author(s): A.B. Harris
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 14, Issue 14, page: 454 –454
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19780304
- Type: Article
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