Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 13, Issue 3, 3 February 1977
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Volume 13, Issue 3
3 February 1977
Two-dimensional transform processor for sonar beamforming using c.c.d. and s.a.w devices
- Author(s): M.A. Jack and P.M. Grant
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 65 –66
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770044
- Type: Article
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p.
65
–66
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A 2-dimensional transform technique which can simultaneously process both target Doppler and target bearing information for sonar beamforming applications is reported. The system uses charge-coupled-device (c.c.d.) analogue time compression on each hyprophone element, permitting temporal transformation of the data to be performed in a surface-acoustic-wave (s.a.w.) complex-Fourier-transform processor. Transformed data are selected from successive hydrophone records by Doppler cell, and a second transform, effectively a spatial transform, is performed on each Doppler cell. The resultant target bearing and target Doppler information is displayed as a B-scan.
Diffused waveguides: mode perturbation by thin-film cladding
- Author(s): M. Johnson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 67 –68
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770045
- Type: Article
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p.
67
–68
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Normalised parameter plots are given enabling prediction of propagation-constant perturbation in diffused optical waveguides due to a thick dielectric cladding. Refractive-index profiles of Gaussian and complementary-error-function form are treated. The variation of the number of propagating modes with time of diffusion is derived.
Novel approach to the statistical analysis of microwave circuits
- Author(s): M.G. Reggiani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 68 –69
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770046
- Type: Article
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p.
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–69
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A method for the statistical prediction of the performance of microwave networks is proposed, founded on the introduction of three types of stochastic cells. The method is suited to Monte Carlo analyses, but it is valuable for finding approximate explicit formulas as well. A formula for the insertion phase is given.
Intracell c.c.d. programmable correlator
- Author(s): N.E. Evans and H.S. Gamble
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 69 –71
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770047
- Type: Article
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–71
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Four eight sample programmable intracell charge correlators have been operated in parallel to give sixteen levels of weighting. The device is capable of accepting both analogue and digital input signals with the variable weighting function being effected digitally. Output characteristics illustrating the uniformity between the cells and the linearity of summation are presented.
New method for generating precise triangular waves and square waves
- Author(s): B.Z. Kaplan and Y. Tatrash
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 71 –73
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770048
- Type: Article
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p.
71
–73
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A new mathematical method for the design of electronic triangular- and square-wave generators is developed by considering the relatively simple problem of generating precise sinewaves. It is shown that the new oscillators possess a relatively large potential for performing accurately.
Enhancement-mode GaAs m.o.s.f.e.t. on semi-insulating substrate using a self-aligned gate technique
- Author(s): E. Kohn and A. Colquhoun
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 73 –74
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770049
- Type: Article
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–74
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A self-aligned gate notched channel GaAs m.o.s.f.e.t. structure on semi-insulating substrate is presented. Device operation is mainly in enhancement mode. The transconductance is comparable to enhancement-mode m.e.s.f.e.t.s, j.f.e.t.s and s.i.g.f.e.t.s; however, the output-current capability is essentially increased.
Retention grooves for optical-fibre connectors
- Author(s): K. Höllerl ; J. Thürnbeck ; L. Reiter
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 74 –76
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770050
- Type: Article
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p.
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–76
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Optical-fibre aligning grooves with lands of fungiform cross-section cramp inserted fibres and hold them accurately in place. Such grooves have been realised by a combination of photolithographic, etching and electrodeposition techniques. Experiments have shown that linear arrays of optical fibres can be positioned to close tolerances, while the mounting operation of the fibres is facilitated. The technique requires no adhesive. Measuring results are presented, showing that the lateral misalignment of fibres between to separately fabricated connector halves is within 5% of the outside fibre diameter. That entails a geometric coupling loss within 0.4 dB with a mean loss at 0.26 dB.
Maximally flat approximation of lowpass RC active filters with multiple real pole
- Author(s): M. Biey and A. Premoli
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 76 –78
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770051
- Type: Article
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p.
76
–78
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A new maximally flat approximation criterion is proposed to realise lowpass RC active filters with a reduced number of amplifiers with respect to the classical Butterworth polynomials. This improvement is obtained by adding a multiple real pole and reducing the number of the complex pole pairs. The cascade connection of 3rd-order blocks allows the realisation of filters with fewer sections (fewer o.a.s) with respect to the commonly used cascade connections of 2nd-order blocks.
Solution of interconnected subsystems
- Author(s): I.N. Hajj
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 78 –79
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770052
- Type: Article
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p.
78
–79
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A method is given for solving a large system consisting of interconnections of smaller sybsystems. The method solves each subsystem separately, derives and solves a set of interconnection equations and then obtains the solution of the whole system. Sparse matrix solution techniques are used.
Tolerance assignment in nonconvex acceptability regions
- Author(s): F. Filicori
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 79 –81
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770053
- Type: Article
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p.
79
–81
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In circuit design the optimal assignment of component nominal values and tolerances is usually carried out supposing that the acceptability region is monodimensionally convex. A method is proposed, based on minimisation techniques, for verifying the validity of a solution obtained under this hypothesis. The same method can also be used for tolerance reassignment when the verification result is negative.
Symbol-by-symbol jitter measurement in high-speed digital systems
- Author(s): G.C. Hurst ; W.H. Holmes ; R.A. Zakarevicius
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 81 –82
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770054
- Type: Article
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p.
81
–82
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A new method of timing jitter measurement is presented which yields a precise measurement of the jitter in a digital symbol stream on a symbol-by-symbol basis. It has a measurement precision of the order of 1 ps with current technology, and is therefore particularly applicable to very high-speed systems (to more than 100 Mbit/s).
Low-frequency stability of impatt-diode circuits
- Author(s): M.G. Reggiani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 82 –83
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770055
- Type: Article
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p.
82
–83
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The maximum available stability of an impatt-diode circuit depends on the parasitic capacitance measured at the diode terminals. A formula is given relating the microwave characteristics of the circuit to the maximum parasitic capacitance compatible with freedom from spurious oscillation.
Depolarisation by solid hydrometeors
- Author(s): G.C. McCormick and A. Hendry
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 83 –84
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770056
- Type: Article
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p.
83
–84
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Scattering by snow and ice crystals are possible causes of depolarisation along satellite paths. It is believed that ice crystals aligned by atmospheric electrostatic fields are a prime but not exclusive cause of such depolarisation.
Performance of GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t. oscillators in the frequency range 8–25 GHz
- Author(s): H.Q. Tserng ; H.M. Macksey ; V. Sokolov
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 85 –86
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770057
- Type: Article
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p.
85
–86
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Performance results of microstrip GaAs m.e.s.f.e.t. oscillators operating in the frequency range 8–25 GHz are reported. It is shown that output powers as high as 500 mW and efficiencies as high as 45% can be achieved.
Visually interactive method to determine the transportation speed of component parts
- Author(s): K. Waddon ; A. Pugh ; W.B. Heginbotham
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 86 –88
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770058
- Type: Article
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p.
86
–88
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In this particular application, a technique has been evolved to determine the speed of a moving part. The technique has been developed using an analogy between a camera/microprocessor system and the interference patterns generated by two transmission gratings.
Mixed method of aggregation and i.s.e. criterion approaches for system reduction
- Author(s): Hikaru Inooka and Goro Obinata
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 88 –90
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770059
- Type: Article
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p.
88
–90
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A combination of dominant-eigenvalue concept and integral-squared-error criterion approach is proposed for the reduction of a high-order system.
Formulas for spectra of periodic frequency-shift-keyed signals
- Author(s): Z. Grzegorek and P. Szulakiewicz
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 90 –91
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770060
- Type: Article
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p.
90
–91
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Formulas are given for calculating the spectral components of periodic binary f.s.k. signals in which sudden transitions between marking and spacing frequencies are replaced by a staircase function. It is assumed that the signal has a continuous phase.
Codes from cubic residues
- Author(s): D.A. Bell
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, p. 91 –92
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770061
- Type: Article
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p.
91
–92
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Following previous work on the development of minimum-distance codes from quadratic residues via Hadamard matrices, cubic residues have been used with the same algorithms. Codes of lengths 16, 32 and 36 have been constructed.
Erratum: Simple analysis of anisotropic microstrip lines by a transform method
- Author(s): B.T. Szentkuti
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, page: 92 –92
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770062
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Inductive loading of the bias path in impatt-diode circuits
- Author(s): F.E. Marchetti and M.G. Reggiani
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, page: 92 –92
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770063
- Type: Article
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Erratum: Group delay in graded-index fibres with non-power-law refractive profiles
- Author(s): S. Geckeler
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 13, Issue 3, page: 92 –92
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19770064
- Type: Article
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p.
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