Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 10, Issue 9, 2 May 1974
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Volume 10, Issue 9
2 May 1974
Improved contrast uniformity in twisted nematic liquid-crystal electro-optic display devices
- Author(s): E.P. Raynes
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 141 –142
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740108
- Type: Article
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It has already been shown that one source of the patched appearance in twisted nematic displays is reverse twist; we now demonstrate the existence of another. Both types of patches have been eliminated by the use of cholesteric additives in combination with particular types of surface alignment.
High-directivity microstrip directional couplers
- Author(s): G. Haupt and H. Delfs
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 142 –143
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740109
- Type: Article
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The letter describes a simple method for improving the directivity of side-coupled microstrip couplers an unmetallised piece of the substrate material is cemented on top of the microstrip structure. The measured directivity ranges from 30 to 40 dB. The couplers are fully compatible with normal microstrip techniques.
Effect of carrier diffusion on operation of avalanche diodes
- Author(s): B. Culshaw
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 143 –145
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740110
- Type: Article
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The effect of carrier diffusion on the performance of avalanche diodes has received little attention in the literature. This letter presents a simple analytical model of the effects of diffusion on device performance, and arrives at an upper frequency limit dictated by the diffusion effect. The model can be used to give a derating factor onto analyses that neglect this parameter. An example of the application of this is given, and the results compared with previously published computer simulations.
Waveguide attenuation measurements at 890 GHz
- Author(s): R.J. Batt ; A. Doswell ; D.J. Harris
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 145 –146
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740111
- Type: Article
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A modified H guide has been proposed as a low-loss low-mode waveguide for the submillimetre-wave region, and is supported by theoretical studies and microwave model measurements. A resonance technique using guide-length variation with temperature change for attenuation and mode-characteristic measurement is shown to be feasible at 890 GHz with an HCN laser. Guide attenuations less than 8 dB/m are obtained in initial measurements on a submillimetre waveguide.
Impedance comparator using digitally generated sinewaves with accurate phase relationships
- Author(s): J.R. Kinard and L.A. Harris
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 146 –147
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740112
- Type: Article
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An impedance comparator has been constructed from two digital sinewave generators with provision for accurate phase shifts. Stability of the instrument is such that impedances may be compared with a resolution of 5 parts in 105.
Pulse dispersion for single-mode operation of multimode cladded optical fibres
- Author(s): W.A. Gambling ; D.N. Payne ; H. Matsumura
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 148 –149
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740113
- Type: Article
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Pulse dispersions as low as 0.4 ns/km have been measured in multimode cladded fibres at a normalised frequency V=125 and for a constant bend radius of 5.5 cm. Particularly when the number of launched modes is small, the pulse dispersion, as well as the polarisation and angular width of the output beam, are strong functions of the degree of mode conversion.
Excitation of self-focusing optical fibre by Gaussian beam
- Author(s): S. Nemoto and G.L. Yip
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 150 –151
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740114
- Type: Article
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The launching efficiencies of the HE1m modes and the overall launching efficiency are calculated when a self-focusing optical fibre is irradiated axially by a Gaussian beam. If the spot size of a Gaussian beam is matched to the characteristic spot size of the fibre, the overall launching efficiency is nearly 100%.
Threshold-voltage sensitivity of ion-implanted m.o.s. transistors due to process variations
- Author(s): W. Schemmert and G. Zimmer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 151 –152
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740115
- Type: Article
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Adjustment of the threshold voltage VT by ion implantation yields a certain distribution of threshold voltages determined by different process parameters. A procedure is presented for minimising the threshold-voltage sensitivity of implanted m.o.s. transistors due to these parameters for a typical set of process parameters.
Miller long-duration sweep generator
- Author(s): D.Z. Danilović ; D.I. Veselinović ; M.V. Šobajić
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 152 –154
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740116
- Type: Article
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A Miller-integrator circuit using a simple amplifier with positive feedback has been analysed. The circuit has the high input impedance inherent with insulated-gate field-effect transistors and the low output impedance characteristic of emitter followers. Owing to these properties and the high voltage gain, it is possible to obtain long-duration sweeps of good linearity. A sweep of about 2 h duration and of a linearity error of 0.05% has been obtained. The ratio of the dynamic range of the output voltage to the supply voltage is greater than 60%, and the output impedance is less than 10Ω.
Optical Barker codes
- Author(s): P.S. Moharir and A. Selvarajan
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 154 –155
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740117
- Type: Article
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Certain binary codes having good autocorrelation properties akin to Barker codes are studied.
Circuit realisation of negative-impedance convertor at v.h.f.
- Author(s): Hirofumi Yogo and Kazuo Kato
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 155 –156
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740118
- Type: Article
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A circuit realisation of a v.h.f. negative-impedance convertor (n.i.c.) is presented. Using simultaneous multiple negative feedback, a stable operation is obtained to approximately 15% of fT. Using transistors with an fT of 1.1 GHz, the realised n.i.c. circuit operates to 160 MHz.
C.W. operation of ion-implanted GaAs read-type IMPATT diodes
- Author(s): J.J. Berenz ; R.S. Ying ; D.H. Lee
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 157 –158
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740119
- Type: Article
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–158
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Epitaxial and ion-implantation techniques have been combined to form a high/low doping profile for GaAs Schottky-barrier Read-type IMPATT diodes. A c.w. output power of 1.1 W with 25% conversion efficiency was obtained at 11 GHz.
Optimum frequency multiplication with resistive diodes
- Author(s): W.M. van Loock
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 158 –159
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740120
- Type: Article
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A method is given for optimum frequency multiplication with a resistive diode by Page's theorem.
Design of recursive digital filters approximating to arbitrary prescribed magnitude responses
- Author(s): P. Thajchayapong and P.J.W. Rayner
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 159 –161
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740121
- Type: Article
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A computer-aided design of a recursive digital filter that approximates to an arbitrary prescribed magnitude response in a minimax sense is described. The problem is formulated in a linear-programming form and hence can be solved by the well known simplex method.
GaAs planar Gunn digital devices with subsidiary anode
- Author(s): K. Kurumada ; T. Mizutani ; M. Fujimoto
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 161 –163
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740122
- Type: Article
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GaAs planar Gunn digital devices with a subsidiary anode are proposed. The subsidiary anode is effective in suppressing the pathological growth of the high-field layer near the anode. Gate triggering by small input pulses below 100 mV is possible
Reliability of low-cost CdS/Cu2S solar cells
- Author(s): M.M. Sayed and L.D. Partain
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, p. 163 –164
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740123
- Type: Article
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Accelerated life tests show that CdS/Cu2S solar-cell lifetimes increase with lower temperature, cyclic light and a nitrogen-gas ambient. A normal Arrhenius type of temperature dependence was found. Extrapolated lifetime for cells kept below 50°C in nitrogen gas with earth deployment exceeded twenty years. The probable decay mechanisms are thermal diffusion, formation of recombination centres and voltage-induced decomposition.
Erratum: Simple technique for displaying periodically jittered binary waveforms
- Author(s): H.W. Del Monte
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 9, page: 164 –164
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740124
- Type: Article
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