Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 10, Issue 23, 14 November 1974
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Volume 10, Issue 23
14 November 1974
Hard-vacuum pyroelectric vidicon: suitable materials
- Author(s): R. Watton ; G.R. Jones ; C. Smith
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 469 –470
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740373
- Type: Article
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p.
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–470
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A new mode of operation of the pyroelectric Vidicon is reported. This mode does not require a soft vacuum and the tube is operated hard. Requirements for suitable pyroelectric materials are discussed and the results of experiments operating in this mode are presented.
Measurement of attenuation and change of refractive index due to water vapour in the atmosphere at 890 GHz
- Author(s): R.J. Batt ; H.L. Bradley ; D.J. Harris
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 470 –471
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740374
- Type: Article
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p.
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–471
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An open-resonator technique is used to measure the attenuation and change of refractive index at 890 GHz for a variable water-vapour content in the atmosphere, using an HCN laser as a source. The refractive index increases uniformly with water-vapour content, a change of relative humidity from 0 to 50% at 26°C resulting in an index change of 1.3 × 10−4. An attenuation of 85±20 dB/km was measured for 50% relative humidity at 26°C.
Two dual families of nonlinear binary codes
- Author(s): J.M. Goethals
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 471 –472
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740375
- Type: Article
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–472
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A description is given of two new infinite families of nonlinear binary codes. For all block lengths n = 22m, m ≥ 3, two nonlinear binary codes are defined, which are called dual as their distance distributions satisfy the MacWilliams identities. The first code has minimum distance 8 and has four times as many codewords as the corresponding extended BCH code. In the other code, there are only six distinct nonzero values for the distances between codewords.
Reduction of radio-frequency interference of phase-controlled systems by load partitioning
- Author(s): M.C. Vanwormhoudt and D. Baert
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 472 –473
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740376
- Type: Article
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–473
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It will be shown that a considerable amount of r.f.i.reduction in a phase-controlled system with a resistive load can be obtained if partitioning of the load resistor is possible.
Improvement of continuous-gradient identification techniques by Lyapunov's second method
- Author(s): A.J. Udink Ten Cate
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 474 –475
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740377
- Type: Article
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p.
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–475
(2)
A modification of continuous-gradient techniques is presented for the identification of linear and a class of nonlinear systems. The second method of Lyapunov is used to prove the asymptotic stability of the parameter difference between the system and a model.
Reactor-period measurements at low powers
- Author(s): C.H. Vincent
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 475 –476
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740378
- Type: Article
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–476
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A novel method is proposed for the measurement of reactor period in pulse channels at low power levels giving low pulse rates. The method avoids all unnecessary delays and inaccuracies in the reading and gives a statistically optimum performance.
Interresonator coupling for overtone monolithic quartz filters
- Author(s): R. Topolevsky and J.W. Burgess
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 476 –477
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740379
- Type: Article
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p.
476
–477
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The traditional expression for interresonator coupling in monolithic quartz filters is extended to cover operation at overtone frequencies. Interresonator couplings calculated from the proposed expression are checked against computed results from a vibrational mode analysis.
Alternatives in multiwire cables for digital transmission
- Author(s): W. van Etten and J. van der Plaats
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 477 –478
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740380
- Type: Article
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p.
477
–478
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Interchannel interference in multiwire cables can be combated by exciting the cable in its modes. An example of such a system for digital transmission is given. Interference can also be reduced by a new cable construction: A flat multiple stripline cable is suggested for digital transmission.
V-shaped notched-channel field-effect transistor
- Author(s): T.D. Mok and C.A.T. Salama
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 478 –480
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740381
- Type: Article
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p.
478
–480
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A junction field-effect transistor with a V-shaped notched channel fabricated by preferential etching of (100) silicon is described. This transistor exhibits a higher maximum transconductance and a lower turn-on resistance than conventional silicon f.e.t.s. with rectangular channels. The fabrication, characteristics and possible applications of this device are described.
High-speed m sequence generation
- Author(s): J.T. Harvey
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 480 –481
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740382
- Type: Article
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p.
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–481
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A method is described that enables maximal-length sequences to be generated over limited ranges of clock rates, at speeds in excess of those normally obtained. The technique uses an analogue delay line to compensate for the delay inherent in the feedback network used in m sequence shift-register generators.
X ray scanning pinhole microscope
- Author(s): M. Luukkala
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, page: 481 –481
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740383
- Type: Article
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p.
481
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A simple absorption-type scanning pinhole X ray microscope is presented. Owing to its simple structure, it may find applications in industrial environments. The resolution is determined by the size of pinholes used.
Diversity measurements of attenuation at 37 GHz with solar-tracking radiometers
- Author(s): P.G. Davies and D.L. Croom
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 482 –483
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740384
- Type: Article
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p.
482
–483
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Solar-tracking radiometers spaced 10.3 km apart have shown that a considerable diversity advantage can be obtained at 37 GHz for Earth-space paths. An attenuation of 15 dB was exceeded for 0.12% of the time at a single site, and for 0.024% of the time at both sites simultaneously.
Model of intense convective rain cells for estimating attenuation on terrestrial millimetric radio links
- Author(s): B.N. Harden ; J.R. Norbury ; W.J.K. White
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 483 –484
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740385
- Type: Article
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p.
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–484
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The movement of intense rain over a line of rapid-response rain gauges is shown to be related to the wind speed at the 700 mbar level. This relationship is used to deduce model rainfall intensity/distance profiles from intensity/time profiles recorded at a point. The model is applicable to the calculation of attenuation at frequencies above about 30 GHz.
Two-dimensional particle models in semiconductor-device analysis
- Author(s): R.W. Hockney ; R.A. Warriner ; M. Reiser
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 484 –486
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740386
- Type: Article
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–486
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A microscopic-scattering particle model is described that combines a 2-dimensional spatial representation of the fields with a 2-band Monte Carlo description of the scattering events. A simplified scattering law produces a particle model for the diffusion approximation. Results are shown for Si and GaAs f.e.t.s and a GaAs diode.
Application of the Boolean-difference technique to sequential logic
- Author(s): A.C. Prior and R.G. Bennetts
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 486 –488
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740387
- Type: Article
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p.
486
–488
(3)
The letter describes the application of the Boolean-difference technique to sequential circuits by demonstrating that the sequential property of memory can be attributed to the concatenation of two sensitive paths. This leads to a behavioural description of a JK bistable, forming a basis for test generation for sequential networks.
Gunn-oscillator electronic tuning range and reactance compensation: an experimental result at X band
- Author(s): C.S. Aitchison
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 488 –489
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740388
- Type: Article
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p.
488
–489
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The letter describes the results of applying reactance compensation to a simple coaxial X band varactor-tuned Gunn oscillator. An improvement of a factor of two in electronic tuning range is obtained, from 230 to 440 MHz.
Interdigital acoustic-surface-wave transducer with low interactions
- Author(s): D.E. Penna ; D.W. Parker ; F.W. Smith ; R. Stevens
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 489 –490
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740389
- Type: Article
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p.
489
–490
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An interdigital acoustic-surface-wave transducer with conventionally spaced active fingers but with split dummy fingers is shown to have considerably reduced interactions, compared with a normal design.
Vertical m.o.s. transistor geometry for power amplification at gigahertz frequencies
- Author(s): T.M.S. Heng and H.C. Nathanson
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 490 –492
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740390
- Type: Article
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p.
490
–492
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A new vertical-channel silicon m.o.s.t.configuration has exhibited a high average current density (1000 A/cm2), a high periphery/output-area ratio (0.2 μm−1), and a high-current capability (160 μA/μm), consistent with high power-frequency performance. Experimental state-of-the-art results include 1.2 W r.f.at 0.7 GHz and a device fmax of 2.1 GHz.
Phase-distortion compensator for high-density digital magnetic-tape recording
- Author(s): B.G. Taylor
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 492 –493
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740391
- Type: Article
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p.
492
–493
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A method of compensating for phase distortion in magnetic-tape recording by Miller coding at densities exceeding 4000 bit/cm is described. The method is based on varying the phase of the flux transitions generated at write time as a function of the data pattern being recorded.
Beam mode compositions on passage through a Fabry-Perot interferometer
- Author(s): D.H. Ulmer ; O.P. Gandhi ; R.W. Grow
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 493 –494
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740392
- Type: Article
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493
–494
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A determination is made on the quality of a millimetre-wave beam on passage through a Fabry-Perot interferometer by decomposing the beam cross-section into modes. The modes are then added at the output plane, where each mode is weighted by a constant dependent on the Fresnel number.
Singular perturbation methods in the design of observers and stabilising feedback controllers for multivariable linear systems
- Author(s): B. Porter
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 494 –495
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740393
- Type: Article
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p.
494
–495
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Singular perturbation methods are used to reduce the design of stabilising feedback controllers for a class of (n+m)th-order systems with inaccessible states to the design of nth-order observers and associated feedback controllers for nth-order reduced systems obtained by ignoring ‘parasitic’ elements that correspond to the presence of a small parameter in the state equations of the (n+m)th-order systems.
Basic T matrix patterns for 2-port linear transformation networks in the real domain
- Author(s): Jacqueline Glover
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 495 –497
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740394
- Type: Article
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p.
495
–497
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Well known 2-port linear transformation networks, e.g. convertors and invertors, are related by both continuous and discrete transformations. These are shown as patterns on two graphs using T matrix elements. This leads to the development of further networks that are needed to complete the continuous transformation pattern.
Semiconductor switching device using improved unijunction transistors
- Author(s): M. Sakaue and K. Daikoku
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 497 –498
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740395
- Type: Article
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p.
497
–498
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The unijunction transistor has been improved to suit space multiplex electronic-exchange devices. This is a report on the transfer characteristics of the switch, whose onstate frequency response extends to about 100 MHz and whose off-state leak is suppressed below −60 dB at 10 MHz.
Pulse compression using the magnetic-delay-line processor
- Author(s): T.W. Cole
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 498 –499
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740396
- Type: Article
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p.
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A new approach to pulse compression in the frequency range below several hundred kilohertz is demonstrated. It uses a wire-electrode pattern to process a signal sensed from a conventional magnetic recording. The experimental results are for a filter to compress a linearly chirped signal.
Utilisation de diodes Schottky comme détecteurs et mélangeurs à 30 THz (Using a Schottky diode in detecting and mixing at 30 THz)
- Author(s): M. Pyee ; A. Clairon ; J. Auvray
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 500 –501
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740397
- Type: Article
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La note décrit les résultats préliminaires obtenus avec des diodes Schottky utilisées comme mélangeuses dans la région des 10.6 μm. Le battement entre deux lasers à CO2 a été observé ainsi que des effets de directivité et l'influence de la polarisation de la diode. À 10.6 μm une sensibilité de la détection de 1 V/W a été obtenue.The letter describes preliminary results on Schottky diode mixers at 10.6 μm. We observed the beat note between two CO2 radiation lasers. The detection dependence is reported with respect to the directivity and the d.c.bias. A sensitivity of 1 V/W was obtained at 10.6 μm.
New edge-guided mode isolator using ferromagnetic-resonance absorption
- Author(s): T. Noguchi ; Y. Akaiwa ; H. Katoh
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 501 –502
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740398
- Type: Article
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A new edge-guided mode isolator is presented in which the ferromagnetic-resonance absorption at one side edge of the ferrite microstrip causes nonreciprocal transmission characteristics. Experimentally, more than 20 dB isolation loss and 0.5 dB insertion loss over the 4–7 GHz frequency range have been obtained.
Negabinary complex-number multiplier
- Author(s): D.P. Agrawal
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 502 –503
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740399
- Type: Article
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A negabinary complex-number multiplier is proposed and its hardware requirements and speed of operation are compared with the existing binary multiplier.
Numerical test of stability of large sparse matrices and dynamical systems
- Author(s): V. Zakian and C. Papaconstantinou
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 10, Issue 23, p. 503 –504
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19740400
- Type: Article
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The stability of an n-square complex matrix A is determined by the number â = max {Re (a1)}, where the a1 are the eigenvalues. A practical numerical technique is developed for computing the number â of any normal matrix (AA* = A*A). When applied to an arbitrary matrix, the technique yields a number not less than â, and hence, if the number is negative, the matrix is stable. The technique is particularly efficient when A is a large sparse matrix.
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