Online ISSN
1350-911X
Print ISSN
0013-5194
Electronics Letters
Volume 1, Issue 1, March 1965
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Volume 1 (1965)
Volume 1, Issue 1
March 1965
Direct-coupled negative-impedance convertor
- Author(s): D.P. Franklin
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, page: 1 –1
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650001
- Type: Article
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Negative-impedance convertors for lowpass active RC filters must respond down to zero frequency; any attendant drift is unwelcome. A relatively simple circuit is described wherein a balanced input stage feeds an unbalanced output stage, which, in turn, feeds back to both input terminals in the same phase.
Frequency-modulated oscillator with a stable centre frequency
- Author(s): D.E.N. Davies
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 1 –3
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650002
- Type: Article
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This letter describes a method for improving the stability of the centre frequency of an unstabilised frequency modulated oscillator by replacing it with a crystal-controlled frequency. The process also produces a 2:1 increase of frequency deviation but is limited to frequency-modulating waveforms which possess odd symmetry within each repetition period.
Transfer-function evaluation from gain/phase data
- Author(s): N.G. Meadows
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, page: 3 –3
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650003
- Type: Article
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A method is presented whereby transfer functions of type 1 and other control systems can be determined from restricted frequency-response test data. Practical extensions to the method are given, involving the use of Bode diagrams or gain/phase plots with angular frequency as a parameter.
Dielectric measurement of high-loss liquids in rectangular waveguides
- Author(s): J.A. Staniforth ; R.G. Bennett ; J.H. Calderwood
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, page: 4 –4
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650004
- Type: Article
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The note extends for use in rectangular waveguides a method of measuring the dielectric constants of high-loss liquids previously described by Bennett and Calderwood.
Electrostatic mass spectrometer for analysis of plasma densities
- Author(s): H. Hartnagel
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 4 –5
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650005
- Type: Article
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An electrostatic mass spectrometer is described which can be used for measurements of the mass spectrum of plasma ion density as a function of radius. Coarse measurements are made by changes of frequency and fine ones by amplitude changes of voltage pulses.
End-fire array of virtual sound sources arising from the interaction of sound waves
- Author(s): H.O. Berktay and B.V. Smith
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, page: 6 –6
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650006
- Type: Article
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Westervelt and Bellin and Beyer have studied the scattering of intermodulation frequency sound waves arising from the nonlinear interaction of two collimated and coincident plane waves of sound of different frequencies. This work is extended to account for the finite aperture formed by the cross-section of the column; experimental results are compared with those obtained theoretically and with Bellin and Beyer's results.
Standardisation of coaxial noise sources
- Author(s): A.C. Gordon-Smith and J.A. Lane
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 7 –8
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650007
- Type: Article
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Parametric amplification in transistors
- Author(s): F.J. Hyde and I. Gök
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 8 –9
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650008
- Type: Article
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Experimental results are presented which show that parametric action can arise in transistors, owing to pumping of the collector-base diode. An increase in gain can be obtained when a u.h.f. pump is applied to an h.f. amplifier and high conversion gain in a u.h.f.-h.f. downconvertor. Noise performance of an h.f. amplifier can also be improved by pumping.
Some new negative-impedance convertors
- Author(s): S.S. Hakim
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 9 –10
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650009
- Type: Article
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Three new realisations of a negative impedance convertor are proposed. Two of them are of the voltage-inversion type, and the other is of the current-inversion type. In order to satisfy the necessary conditions required of a negative-impedance convertor, certain constraints are imposed on the choice of circuit elements. These conditions are briefly discussed. The proposed new circuits have not been tried out in practice.
Sampling techniques applied to the derivation of impedance characteristics for use in power-system protection
- Author(s): P.G. McLaren and J.S. McConnach
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 10 –11
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650010
- Type: Article
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Impedance is measured by sampling the voltage and current magnitudes. The sampling period is 50μs, and the point at which sampling takes place is measured from either the current or the voltage zero. Compound impedance characteristics can be achieved by sampling at a number of points in each halfcycle.
Colour-television-system parameters
- Author(s): G.B. Townsend
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 11 –12
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650011
- Type: Article
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It is suggested that simpler chrominance signals exist which correspond more closely to the confusion loci in tritanopia, and the sum and difference combinations of the colour-difference signals are listed as examples. The weighting factors for the colour-difference signals could also be simplified to unity and one half.
Envelope frequency response of networks subjected to a suppressed carrier modulated input wave
- Author(s): J.L. Douce and K.H. Edwards
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 12 –13
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650012
- Type: Article
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The contribution of the upper and lower sidebands of a suppressed carrier modulated signal to the output of a general network is examined. The envelope of the output is shown to be simply derived from graphical transformations of the frequency-response locus on the complex plane.
Surface-wave probe for measuring electron densities in a gaseous plasma
- Author(s): P.N. Robson and R.D. Stewart
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 13 –14
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650013
- Type: Article
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A dielectric rod enveloped in gaseous plasma can act as a supporting structure for electromagnetic surface waves. The dielectric constant of the plasma and hence the electron number density in the vicinity of the rod may be determined from measurements of the phase-change coefficient of the EH11 mode supported by the plasma-clad rod. Measurements of radial density distribution have been carried out in an unmagnetised argon afterglow plasma at 35Gc/s and compared with double-probe measurements.
Practical low-loss waveguide for long-distance telecommunications
- Author(s): H.E.M. Barlow ; H.G. Effemey ; S.H. Taheri
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 14 –15
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650014
- Type: Article
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A description is given of a form of waveguide circuit operated over a frequency range of 30–40 Gc/s and incorporating a number of bends having only a 4 in radius of curvature; it is demonstrated to transmit successfully amplitude modulated television pictures and sound side by side with short microwave pulses. Details of circuit arrangements and modulation technique are given.
Unified approach to electronic, magnetic and dielectric nonparametric amplifying devices
- Author(s): A.B. Gȯral
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 15 –17
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650015
- Type: Article
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A unified approach to electronic, magnetic and dielectric nonparametric amplifying devices is presented. The word ‘nonparametric’ is used in this note to describe a device with an amplifying junction essentially independent of the parametric coupling and especially of any resonance phenomena of a circuital or field nature.
Image power in a microwave crystal mixer
- Author(s): H.J. O'Neill
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 17 –18
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650016
- Type: Article
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An investigation of the output of a microwave crystal mixer at image frequency is described. A curve is presented showing the dependence of image output on i.f. termination. This curve indicates an operating region where mixer performance is insensitive to image termination.
Entwurf eines bildwandler Kurzzeitverschlusses für Öffnungszeiten T = 5×10−11s [Design for an image-convertor high-speed shutter in the range of T = 5×10−11s]
- Author(s): E.H. Strohwald
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 18 –19
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650017
- Type: Article
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A design for an image-convertor high-speed shutter in the range of T = 5×10−11s is proposed, in which the electron beams of the image convertor will bypass a mask to make the shutter open. In order to get an extremely short sweep time, corresponding to short exposure time, the deflection systems will be built as delay lines.
Guided waves on a dielectric-coated cylinder immersed in a plasma
- Author(s): S.R. Seshadri
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, page: 19 –19
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650018
- Type: Article
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The dominant circularly symmetric TM surface-wave mode on a Goubau wire immersed in an isotropic plasma is shown to have a low-frequency cutoff, in contrast to its free-space counterpart, for which the propagation extends down to zero frequency.
Transmission methods of measurement of the poles and zeros of two-terminal networks
- Author(s): A. Fiok
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 20 –21
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650019
- Type: Article
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The poles and zeros of high-Q-factor two-terminal networks can be determined by measuring the poles and zeros of the transfer function of a simple ladder two terminal transmission network. Transmission networks are divided into two groups. General relations between transmission-network transfer functions and measured network immittance functions are obtained.
Effect of domain structure in cubic ferromagnets
- Author(s): W.E. Courtney
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 21 –22
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650020
- Type: Article
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The problem of ferromagnetic resonance in the presence of domain structure is reformulated, and the resonance relations are calculated. These are in agreement with earlier calculations by Artman2 by a different formulation. The analysis is then extended to the spinwave modes of the system and the parallel-pump instability.
Duality theorem in combinatorial switching
- Author(s): E.V. Krishnamurthy and E. Bodfish
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 22 –23
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650021
- Type: Article
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This note states and proves a duality theorem in combinatorial switching. The relationship between AND–OR, majority and threshold logics and the property of self duality in majority logic are indicated on this basis.
Proof of the Manley-Rowe relations from quantum considerations
- Author(s): J. Brown
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 23 –24
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650022
- Type: Article
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A general proof using a quantum argument is presented of the Manley–Rowe relations, which provide information on power transfers between different frequencies arising in the circuits of parametric amplifiers and related devices.
Field emission at 9000 Gc/s in a superconducting cavity
- Author(s): H. Zimmer
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, page: 24 –24
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650023
- Type: Article
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Effects of electron-density distribution on the back scattering from an anisotropic plasma cylinder
- Author(s): C. Yeh and W.V.T. Rusch
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, page: 25 –25
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650024
- Type: Article
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The backscattering cross-section of a radially inhomogeneous plasma cylinder with an impressed axial static magnetic field is obtained for an incident H wave. The electron-density distribution is assumed to have a parabolic profile. Significant variation of the backscattering cross-section as a function of the density profile is found.
Photoelectric emission from the target in image orthicon camera tubes
- Author(s): W. Hopmann
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 25 –26
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650025
- Type: Article
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Ion-conducting target foils in image orthicon tubes develop during operation a second photocathode on the back (scanning) side of the foils. This cathode probably consists of deposited and neutralised ions of the foil material. Methods for measuring the photoemission from the target and for discrimination between front and back emissions are reported.
Evidence of Rb-Cd second kind collision by space charge amplification
- Author(s): E. Badareu ; G. Musa ; Z. Mariş
- Source: Electronics Letters, Volume 1, Issue 1, p. 26 –27
- DOI: 10.1049/el:19650026
- Type: Article
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The work presented here was intended to establish the ionisation of rubidium by collision of the second kind with excited cadmium atoms on the resonance level.
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