This is an open access article published by the IET under the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/)
Time-reversed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TR-OFDM) has recently received attention as a promising spectral efficient scheme for single-input multiple-output communications over time-dispersive fading channels. For TR-OFDM, passive time reversal processing is used as a simple means for channel time dispersion reduction. In particular, pseudorandom noise (PN)-sequence padding time-domain synchronisation OFDM (TDS-OFDM) transmission scheme has been reported as an appealing alternative to the traditional cyclic prefix (CP) OFDM technology as it can provide significant improvement in the spectrum efficiency. In this study, a new correlation based coder for inter-block and inter-symbol interference removing in time-reversed TDS-OFDM, which is denoted TR-TDS-OFDM briefly is proposed. Such a coder is, then, tested for multipath channels with significant tap delays. A Zadoff–Chu sequence with perfect autocorrelation property is adopted as a training sequence (TS) for a TDS-OFDM system. Simulation results show that, by using TR-TDS-OFDM with correlation-based coder, a TS with length shorter than channel order can be used without introducing notable inter-block interference. The other merits of the proposed design are also supported by both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations.
References
-
-
1)
-
4. Zhiqiang, L., Yang, T.C.: ‘On the design of cyclic prefix length for time-reversed OFDM’, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., 2012, 11, pp. 3723–3733 (doi: 10.1109/TWC.2012.081612.120172).
-
2)
-
23. Yang, T.C.: ‘Temporal resolutions of time-reversal and passive-phase conjugation for underwater acoustic communications’, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2003, 28, (2), pp. 229–245 (doi: 10.1109/JOE.2003.811895).
-
3)
-
18. Linglong, D., Zhaocheng, W., Jun, W., Zhixing, Y.: ‘Joint time-frequency channel estimation for time domain synchronous OFDM systems’, IEEE Trans. Broadcast., 2013, 59, pp. 168–173 (doi: 10.1109/TBC.2012.2219231).
-
4)
-
14. Fu, J., Wang, J., Song, J., Pan, C., Yang, Z.: ‘A simplified equalization method for dual PN-sequence padding TDS-OFDM systems’, IEEE Trans. Broadcast., 2008, 54, (4), pp. 825–830 (doi: 10.1109/TBC.2008.2001725).
-
5)
-
3. Hung Tuan, N., Andersen, J.B., Pedersen, G.F.: ‘The potential use of time reversal techniques in multiple element antenna systems’, IEEE Commun. Lett., 2005, 9, pp. 40–42 (doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2005.1375235).
-
6)
-
14. Song, H.C., Hodgkiss, W.S., Kuperman, W.A., Akal, T., Stevenson, M.: ‘Multiuser communications using passive time reversal’, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2007, 32, pp. 915–926 (doi: 10.1109/JOE.2007.904311).
-
7)
-
19. Jae Won, K., Younghoon, W., Byung Hoon, K., Kwang Soon, K.: ‘Generalized cross-correlation properties of chu sequences’, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 2012, 58, pp. 438–444 (doi: 10.1109/TIT.2011.2166244).
-
8)
-
5. Dai, L., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Tsiaflakis, P., Moonen, M.: ‘Spectrum- and energy-efficient OFDM based on simultaneous multi-channel reconstruction’, IEEE Trans. Signal Process., 2013, 61, pp. 1–13 (doi: 10.1109/TSP.2012.2234319).
-
9)
-
13. Aijun, S., Badiey, M., Newhall, A.E., Lynch, J.F., DeFerrari, H.A., Katsnelson, B.G.: ‘Passive time reversal acoustic communications through shallow-water internal waves’, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2010, 35, pp. 756–765 (doi: 10.1109/JOE.2010.2060530).
-
10)
-
20. Linglong, D., Zhaocheng, W., Sheng, C.: ‘A novel uplink multiple access scheme based on TDS-FDMA’, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., 2011, 10, pp. 757–761 (doi: 10.1109/TWC.2011.011111.102070).
-
11)
-
22. Yang, T.C.: ‘Correlation-based decision-feedback equalizer for underwater acoustic communications’, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2005, 30, pp. 865–880 (doi: 10.1109/JOE.2005.862126).
-
12)
-
13. Wang, J., Yang, Z., Pan, C., Song, J.: ‘Iterative padding subtraction of the PN sequence for the TDS-OFDM over broadcast channels’, IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron., 2005, 51, (11), pp. 1148–1152 (doi: 10.1109/TCE.2005.1561837).
-
13)
-
20. Dai, L., Wang, Z., Yang, Z.: ‘Time-frequency training OFDM with high spectral efficiency and reliable performance in high speed environments’, IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun., 2012, 30, (4), pp. 695–707 (doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2012.120504).
-
14)
-
6. Martin, R.K., Vanbleu, K., Ming, D., et al: ‘Unification and evaluation of equalization structures and design algorithms for discrete multitone modulation systems’, IEEE Trans. Signal Process., 2005, 53, pp. 3880–3894 (doi: 10.1109/TSP.2005.855432).
-
15)
-
7. van Waterschoot, T., Le Nir, V., Duplicy, J., Moonen, M.: ‘Analytical expressions for the power spectral density of CP-OFDM and ZP-OFDM signals’, IEEE Signal Process. Lett., 2010, 17, pp. 371–374 (doi: 10.1109/LSP.2010.2040651).
-
16)
-
4. Zhiqiang, L., Yang, T.C.: ‘On the design of cyclic prefix length for time-reversed OFDM’, IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun., 2012, 11, pp. 3723–3733 (doi: 10.1109/TWC.2012.081612.120172).
-
17)
-
8. Kang, J.W., Whang, Y., Ko, B.H., Kim, K.S.: ‘Generalized cross correlation properties of chu sequences’, IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory, 2012, 58, (1), pp. 438–444 (doi: 10.1109/TIT.2011.2166244).
-
18)
-
J. Wang ,
Z. Yang ,
C. Pan ,
J. Song
.
Iterative padding subtraction of the PN sequence for the TDS-OFDM over broadcast channels.
IEEE Trans. Consum. Electron.
,
4 ,
1148 -
1152
-
19)
-
10. Yang, T.C.: ‘Temporal resolutions of time-reversal and passive-phase conjugation for underwater acoustic communications’, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2003, 28, (2), pp. 229–245 (doi: 10.1109/JOE.2003.811895).
-
20)
-
J. Fu ,
J. Wang ,
J. Song ,
C. Pan ,
Z. Yang
.
A simplified equalisation method for dual PN-sequence padding TDS-OFDM systems.
IEEE Trans. Broadcast.
,
4 ,
825 -
830
-
21)
-
17. Zhiqiang, L., Yang, T.C.: ‘Time reversal multicarrier communications over long multipath fading channels’. Military Communications Conf., 2012, pp. 1–6.
-
22)
-
1. Esmaiel, H., Jiang, D.: ‘Review article: multicarrier communication for underwater acoustic channel’, Int. J. Commun. Netw. Syst. Sci., 2013, 6, pp. 361–376.
-
23)
-
9. Jingbo, M., Guihua, K.: ‘A novel OFDM synchronization algorithm based on CAZAC sequence’. Int. Conf. Computer Application and System Modeling, 2010, pp. V14-634–V14-637.
-
24)
-
5. Dai, L., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Tsiaflakis, P., Moonen, M.: ‘Spectrum- and energy-efficient OFDM based on simultaneous multi-channel reconstruction’, IEEE Trans. Signal Process., 2013, 61, pp. 1–13 (doi: 10.1109/TSP.2012.2234319).
-
25)
-
12. Gomes, J., Barroso, V.: ‘Time-reversed OFDM communication in underwater channels’. IEEE Fifth Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications, 2004, pp. 626–630.
-
26)
-
2. Hutter, A., Hammerschmidt, J., de Carvalho, E., Cioffi, J.: ‘Receive diversity for mobile OFDM systems’. IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conf., 2000, pp. 707–712.
-
27)
-
18. Linglong, D., Zhaocheng, W., Jun, W., Zhixing, Y.: ‘Joint time-frequency channel estimation for time domain synchronous OFDM systems’, IEEE Trans. Broadcast., 2013, 59, pp. 168–173 (doi: 10.1109/TBC.2012.2219231).
-
28)
-
7. van Waterschoot, T., Le Nir, V., Duplicy, J., Moonen, M.: ‘Analytical expressions for the power spectral density of CP-OFDM and ZP-OFDM signals’, IEEE Signal Process. Lett., 2010, 17, pp. 371–374 (doi: 10.1109/LSP.2010.2040651).
-
29)
-
13. Aijun, S., Badiey, M., Newhall, A.E., Lynch, J.F., DeFerrari, H.A., Katsnelson, B.G.: ‘Passive time reversal acoustic communications through shallow-water internal waves’, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2010, 35, pp. 756–765 (doi: 10.1109/JOE.2010.2060530).
-
30)
-
H.C. Song ,
W.S. Hodgkiss ,
W.A. Kuperman ,
T. Akal ,
M. Stevenson
.
Multiuser communications using passive time reversal.
IEEE J. Ocean. Eng.
,
4 ,
915 -
926
-
31)
-
3. Hung Tuan, N., Andersen, J.B., Pedersen, G.F.: ‘The potential use of time reversal techniques in multiple element antenna systems’, IEEE Commun. Lett., 2005, 9, pp. 40–42 (doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2005.1375235).
-
32)
-
L. Dai ,
Z. Wang ,
S. Chen
.
A novel uplink multiple access scheme based on TDS-FDMA.
IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun.
,
3 ,
757 -
761
-
33)
-
16. Shimura, T., Ochi, H., Watanabe, Y., Hattori, T.: ‘Time-reversal communication in deep ocean results of recent experiments’. Workshop on Scientific Use of Submarine Cables and Related Technologies, 2011, pp. 1–5.
-
34)
-
23. Yang, T.C.: ‘Measurements of spatial coherence, beamforming gain and diversity gain for underwater acoustic communications’. OCEANS, 2005, vol. 1, pp. 268–272.
-
35)
-
24. Wicker, S.B.: ‘Error control systems for digital communication and storage’ (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, 1995), vol. 1.
-
36)
-
15. Murugan, S.S., Natarajan, V.: ‘Performance analysis of signal to noise ratio and bit error rate for multiuser using passive time reversal technique in underwater communication’. Int. Conf. Wireless Communication and Sensor Computing, 2010, pp. 1–4.
-
37)
-
22. Yang, T.C.: ‘Correlation-based decision-feedback equalizer for underwater acoustic communications’, IEEE J. Ocean. Eng., 2005, 30, pp. 865–880 (doi: 10.1109/JOE.2005.862126).
-
38)
-
L. Dai ,
Z. Wang ,
Z. Yang
.
Time-frequency training OFDM with high spectral efficiency and reliable performance in high speed environments.
IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun.
,
4 ,
695 -
707
-
39)
-
R.K. Martin ,
K. Vanbleu ,
M. Ding ,
G. Ysebaert ,
M. Milosevic ,
B.L. Evans ,
M. Moonen ,
C.R. Johnson
.
Unification and evaluation of equalization structures and design algorithms for discrete multitone modulation systems.
IEEE Trans. Signal Process.
,
10 ,
3880 -
3894
http://iet.metastore.ingenta.com/content/journals/10.1049/joe.2014.0064
Related content
content/journals/10.1049/joe.2014.0064
pub_keyword,iet_inspecKeyword,pub_concept
6
6