access icon free Controllability and observability analysis of basal ganglia model and feedback linearisation control

© The Institution of Engineering and Technology
Received 27/12/2016, Accepted 21/06/2017, Revised 05/05/2017, Published 26/06/2017

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a clinical remedy to control tremor in Parkinson's disease. In DBS, one of the two main areas of basal ganglia (BG) is stimulated. This stimulation is produced with no feedback of the tremor and often causes a wide range of unpleasant side effects. Using a feedback signal from tremor, the stimulatory signal can be reduced or terminated to avoid extra stimulation and as a result decrease the side effects. To design a closed-loop controller for the non-linear BG model, a complete study of controllability and observability of this system is presented in this study. This study shows that the BG model is controllable and observable. The authors also propose the idea of stimulating the two BG areas simultaneously. A two-part controller is then designed: a feedback linearisation controller for subthalamic nucleus stimulation and a partial state feedback controller for globus pallidus internal stimulation. The controllers are designed to decrease three indicators: the hand tremor, the level of delivered stimulation signal in disease condition, and the ratio of the level of delivered stimulation signal in health condition to disease condition. Considering these three indicators, the simulation results show satisfactory performance.

Inspec keywords: bioelectric phenomena; diseases; linearisation techniques; neurophysiology; feedback; brain; closed loop systems; medical control systems; controllers

Other keywords: Parkinson's disease; controllability analysis; globus pallidus internal stimulation; feedback signal; observability analysis; disease condition; basal ganglia model; partial state feedback controller; nonlinear BG model; closed-loop controller; two-part controller; subthalamic nucleus stimulation; feedback linearisation controller; feedback linearisation control; clinical remedy; deep brain stimulation; tremor control; delivered stimulation signal

Subjects: Biological and medical control systems; Bioelectric signals; Electrical activity in neurophysiological processes; Electrodiagnostics and other electrical measurement techniques; Controllers

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